乘客数量对垂向减振系统减振效果的影响

<正>为降低客车车体一阶弯曲振动,日本铁道综合技术研究所开发了车体减振系统,这是由一系弹簧悬挂装置的减振控制研究人员利用新干线电动车,经运行试验,确认了该系统有良好的减振效果。不过这些试验都是在空车状态下进行的。通常,随着乘客数量的不同,车体的弹性振动特性会发生改变,这与单纯地装载重物(如铁块)的情况不同。因此,由于乘客数量导致的车体振动特性的变化,有可能对这种减振系统的减振效果造成影响。基于这个因     

日起日落

<正>,他认为好的摄影师拍摄照片不仅仅是拍下眼前的画面,更是用心保存下当时的整个时空。当观众看到作品,应该当即可以穿越到你所记录的那时那刻,感受到当时的光与影、情与景。2010年后,他逐步用i Phone+摄影App的随手拍取代掉     

高轴重线路的宽缝焊接

6年的运行试验表明,宽焊缝铝热焊是高轴重线路上进行钢轨焊接的有效工艺。     

Formation of nanometer coherent structures during spinodal decomposition and ordering coexistence phase transformation in Fe-24Al alloys

The nanometer coherent structure evolution of spinodal decomposition and ordering coexistence phase transformation in Fe-24Al alloys is investigated by the microscopic phase field kinetic model. The results show that the concentration and long-range order parameters all continuously change towards to their equilibrium values during phase transformation. With the increase of elastic interaction energy, the anisotropy along [01] or [10] elastic soft direction is more obvious and the time reaching equilibrium state is also shortened. According to the results, the formation of nanometer coherent structures during phase transformation is composed of the initial decreasing stage of order degree stage, the incubation stage, the continuous increasing stage of concentration order parameter and long-range order parameter, and the later stable stage. The spinodal decomposition and ordering is interaction; the initial ordering stage is a necessary condition of the coexistence phase transformation. The nanometer coherent structures are not found to grow during the whole phase transformation. The simulation results are in accordance with the results in experiment obtained by the aging treatment in Fe-24Al alloys.     

凸形钢箱拱肋截面荷载试验和有限元分析

以宁波市东外环甬江大桥凸形钢箱拱肋截面为对象,应用预应力钢绞线的自平衡加载方式进行了1∶4的拱肋节段缩尺模型荷载试验,采用板壳单元和实体单元建立了有限元模型,进行了非线性分析,研究了考虑初始缺陷和局部屈曲的凸形钢箱拱肋截面的受力特性、实际承载能力和局部失稳机理。研究结果表明:各测点实测应力与截面平均应力较接近,根据测点实测应力与截面平均应力之间的关系可将凸形截面分成4类测点;有限元所得应力与实测应力趋势相同,数值相近;凸形钢箱拱肋截面的强度折减系数为0.94～0.98;纵向加劲肋和横隔板结构能有效防止凸形截面加劲板件的局部屈曲;在极限荷载作用下节段出现了凹凸的波节,由于各加劲板出平面位移过大而导致无法继续承载。     

缓行器对汽车制动稳定性影响评价

提出了装用缓行器后汽车前后制动力分配的广义I曲线概念, 导出了同步附着系数的计算公式。建立了带缓行器汽车的制动力与广义I曲线匹配的定性评价法和定量评价法, 从而能从制动稳定性角度对缓行器制动力匹配的优劣程度给出评价。