地铁施工横通道转区间正线处下穿既有建筑沉降控制研究

以某城市地铁施工横通道转区间隧道正线马头门处下穿既有建筑物情况为例,从群洞施工工序对建筑物沉降影响的角度考虑,采用有限差分数值软件FLAC3D对不同开洞施工工况进行三维数值模拟,分析围岩变形情况,得出在横通道向区间马头门开洞施工时,必须单个逐一开洞施工至房屋基础外15 m以上,并在开洞马头门处增加有效加固措施,以保证既有建筑在地铁施工过程中的安全.     

Application of particle swarm algorithm in the optimal allocation of regional water resources based on immune evolutionary algorithm

The optimal allocation model of regional water resources is built with the purpose of maximizing the comprehensive economic,social and environmental benefits of regional water consumption.In order to solve the problems that easily appear during the model solution of regional water resource optimal allocation with multiple water sources,multiple users and multiple objectives like＂curse of dimensionality＂or sinking into local optimum,this paper proposes a particle swarm optimization（PSO）algorithm based on immune evolutionary algorithm（IEA）.This algorithm introduces immunology principle into particle swarm algorithm.Its immune memorizing and self-adjusting mechanism is utilized to keep the particles in the fitness level at a certain concentration and guarantee the diversity of population.Also,the global search characteristics of IEA and the local search capacity of particle swarm algorithm have been fully utilized to overcome the dependence of PSO on initial swarm and the deficiency of vulnerability to local optimum.After applying this model to the allocation of water resources in Zhoukou,we obtain the scheme for optimization allocation of water resources in the planning level years,i.e.2015and 2025 under the guarantee rate of 50%.The calculation results indicate that the application of this algorithm to solve the issue of optimal allocation of regional water resources is reliable and reasonable.Thus it ofers a new idea for solving the issue of optimal allocation of water resources.     

FWD和承载板在路基强度检测中的对比分析

在路基顶面采用定点测试的方式,分别进行了落锤式弯沉仪（FWD）测试和承载板测试,并根据测得的弯沉反演得到路基模量,对弯沉与反算模量进行分析,FWD在精度、稳定性和检测效率方面优于承载板法,FWD法与承载板法测得的路面弯沉值以及反算模量值存在较好的线性关系,为FWD在工程上的应用提供了理论依据。     

不同层位沥青混合料性能影响因素显著性分析

为考察路面不同层位处的沥青混合料影响因素的显著性,选取了最大公称粒径分别为13 mm和25 mm 2种混合料来进行对比性分析;在试验手段上进行了适当的改进,基于正交试验方法,采用室内车辙碾压成型和钻心取样相结合的试验方法,分别测定了整块车辙板试件的空隙率和钻心芯样的空隙率,综合分析了影响沥青混合料的级配关键筛孔和显著试验条件。结果表明,对于任一种混合料,针对不同指标的显著影响因素存在较大的不同,而对于给定的混合料的同一个指标,显著影响因素也有较大的差别,这些差异可为混合料的深入研究提供有益的参考价值。     

Friction and cutting properties of hot-filament chemical vapor deposition micro- and fine-grained diamond coated silicon nitride inserts

The micro-crystalline diamond (MCD) and fine-grained diamond (FGD) films are deposited on commercial silicon nitride inserts by the hot-filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD) method. The friction and cutting properties of as-deposited MCD and FGD films coated silicon nitride (Si₃N₄) inserts are comparatively investigated in this study. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy are adopted to study the characterization of the deposited diamond films. The friction tests are conducted on a ball-on-plate type reciprocating friction tester in ambient air using Co-cemented tungsten carbide (WC-Co), Si₃N₄ and ball-bearing steel (BBS) balls as the mating materials of the diamond films. For sliding against WC-Co, Si₃N₄ and BBS, the FGD film presents lower friction coefficients than the MCD film. However, after sliding against Si₃N₄, the FGD film is subject to more severe wear than the MCD film. The cutting performance of as-deposited MCD and FGD coated Si₃N₄ inserts is examined in dry turning glass fiber reinforced plastics (GFRP) composite materials, comparing with the uncoated Si₃N₄ insert. The results indicate that the lifetime of Si₃N₄ inserts can be prolonged by depositing the MCD or FGD film on them and the FGD coated insert shows longer cutting lifetime than the MCD coated one.     

FWD和承载板在路基强度检测中的对比分析

在路基顶面采用定点测试的方式,分别进行了落锤式弯沉仪(FWD)测试和承载板测试,并根据测得的弯沉反演得到路基模量,对弯沉与反算模量进行分析,FWD在精度、稳定性和检测效率方面优于承载板法,FWD法与承载板法测得的路面弯沉值以及反算模量值存在较好的线性关系,为FWD在工程上的应用提供了理论依据。     

川芎嗪对谷氨酸损伤海马神经元的保护作用

目的 观察川芎嗪对谷氨酸损伤海马神经元的保护作用.方法 原代培养大鼠海马神经元,培养基中加入1mmol/L的盐酸川芎嗪溶液共同孵育12h后,加入1mmol/L谷氨酸损伤海马神经元20min.采用MTT法检测细胞活性;测定培养液中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活力的变化;细胞免疫组化检测各组细胞表达AchE. 结果川芎嗪可提高谷氨酸损伤后海马神经元的存活率,抑制因谷氨酸损伤引起的细胞内LDH的释放,可促进谷氨酸损伤细胞中AChE的表达. 结论川芎嗪对谷氨酸诱导海马神经元损伤有保护作用.     

Fe—N—O复合粉体材料的制备与性能研究

由铁和氮两种元素组成的多种铁氮化合物因为具有优良的耐蚀性、耐磨性和磁学性能而引起人们的广泛关注,而铁和氧组成的各种氧化物因其特殊的磁学性能也在不同行业中得到了广泛的应用。但是对于由铁、氮、氧三种元素组成的复合粉体材料的研究却未见报导。因此研究Fe-N-O复合粉体材料的制舒技术和性能具有一定的创新性。     

轨道几何状态检测数据里程校正算法研究

同一段铁路线路多次轨道几何状态检测数据间普遍存在一定的里程偏移,若直接使用存在里程偏差的数据参与计算或分析,结果有较大误差,无法保证现场养护维修的效果。文中提出了1种里程自动校正的优化模型,并结合轨道几何状态数据,按照数据预处理、建立校正基库、初步校正及精确校正4个步骤,编制软件实现了该优化方法,从而解决了轨道动态几何状态数据间的里程偏差问题。实例分析表明,该模型正确,效果良好。     

框架锚杆锚固寒区边坡的多场耦合分析（双语出版）

为了明确寒区框架锚杆边坡支护结构的工作机理,建立了框架锚杆支护冻土边坡的水热力耦合计算模型,采用有限元法进行了求解,基于MATLAB软件平台编写了计算程序,并通过已有的试验考证了程序的正确性。算例分析给出了边坡温度场、水分场、应力场和支护结构冻融反应的分布规律。结果表明：坡面上部受气温影响较大,融化时活动层含水量接近饱和,坡脚附近出现过饱和的“水泡”;冻结时剪应力最大值是融化时的2倍,且分布均匀,边坡处于稳定状态,融化时剪应力在活动层和稳定冻土层交界面发生突变,边坡处于不稳定状态,该交界面是潜在滑移面;在一个冻融周期内,锚杆轴力、立柱内力和水平位移均先增大后减小,且随坡高逐渐增大,3种工况下结构内力和水平位移的关系为冻结时大于融化时大于初始时;冻胀时各层锚杆锚头处轴力增量最明显,增幅沿杆轴方向逐渐减小,融化时锚杆轴力和立柱内力大幅减小,且留有残余变形。因此,框架锚杆支护冻土边坡时,建议支护结构应按冻胀工况进行设计和计算。