基于图像处理的钢轨伤损分类算法研究

钢轨伤损的种类众多且形态各异,即便对于同类伤损,在超声波钢轨探伤检测软件中形成的B显图像也会存在差异,而当某类伤损的B显图像变化超出一定范围后,检测软件便无法识别该伤损的类别。因此,提出一种基于图像处理的钢轨伤损分类算法,其采用Tamura纹理特征与局部二值模式(local binary pattern,LBP)相结合的算法提取伤损B显图像的特征值并组成特征向量,使得作为分类器的支持向量机(supportvector machine,SVM)能够对不同种类伤损的特征向量进行训练,从而用训练后的最优分类函数预测未训练过的待测伤损的类别。试验结果表明,所提算法在钢轨伤损图像分类方面实现了较高的分类准确率。     

灯盏花对上颌前牵引中骨缝成骨的影响

目的观察灯盏花在上颌前牵引动物模型中对骨缝成骨的影响。方法16只兔随机分为实验组、对照组,每组各8只,两组动物均安置特制外置式牵引支架,向前持续弹性牵引。对照组于双侧前颌缝局部注射生理盐水,实验组则于局部注射灯盏花,每侧0.4 mL,每24 h注射1次。用序列四环素荧光标记法标记骨缝新形成的骨组织,荧光显微镜下观察,用计算机图像分析系统测量新骨量。结果实验组新骨形成的量明显大于对照组(P<0.05)。结论灯盏花在上颌前牵引动物模型中可加快骨缝新骨的形成。     

砂质泥岩的剪切蠕变特性和本构模型探究

软弱岩层的蠕变特性往往对边坡的稳定性有着重要的控制作用。本文以四川省宣汉县天台乡滑坡为研究背景,对其软弱岩层—紫红色砂质泥岩进行了剪切蠕变试验。利用广义Kelvin模型对砂质泥岩的剪切蠕变试验曲线进行了拟合,同时获得了各级剪应力下的模型参数,为了很好地描述砂质泥岩的加速蠕变阶段,提出了一种考虑先期损伤量的损伤模型,可以为类似工程提供参考。     

基于OBE理念的专业教育和思政教育协同育人实施路径研究

创新教育理念,持续深化教育改革,对标新修订的《中华人民共和国职业教育法》中“大国工匠”的培育要求,将思政教育和专业教育有机融合,是实现德技并修高素质技能型人才的重要路径。本文从城市轨道交通变配电行业需求、变配电检修员和低压配电检修员岗位要求出发,对基于OBE理念的专业教育和思政教育协同育人的实施路径进行研究,为职业院校深化新时代职业教育教学体系改革提供借鉴和参考。     

建立网络安全防御措施之我见

本文针对网络的安全性,从网络的硬件,网络的操作系统,网络中的应用程序,网络中的数据以及网络的使用者等不同层面提出了网络的安全防御措施。     

Comparison between North-South Aid and South-South Cooperation: Based on the analysis of the new development finance institutions

According to the different players, development cooperation is often divided into North-South Aid and South-South Cooperation, both of which have a history of several decades. Since the beginning of the 21st century, the rise of a number of emerging economies has brought South-South Cooperation into a new stage, which can be seen from the establishment of some new development finance institutions led by developing countries. BRICS Bank, Asia Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) and Silk Road Fund are three important new development finance institutions. Compared with the traditional development finance institutions like World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF), they have their own concepts of development cooperation, which are different from the traditional ones. First, the new finance institutions pay more attention to the equality between partners, not imposing conditions and respecting the ownership of development partners. Second, the new development finance institutions value the market philosophy, which means that they emphasize the importance of field investigation and implement development cooperation in accordance with the actual needs of the partners and the comparative advantages of the providers. Finally, the new development finance institutions focus their resources on problem-solving and avoid doctrines-imposing. They believe that it is easier for the developing countries to achieve development through a gradual and bottom-up model. Although there are differences between the traditional and new development finance institutions, the latter is not parallel to or substitute of the former. They can cooperate with each other and provide better public goods for international cooperation through inclusive competition.     

液力变矩器设计计算方法的现状及其发展的预测

本文对目前广泛采用的方法的现状加以简要介绍和分析,指出了传统方法的优缺点;又根据国内外的资料重点论述了三维流动理论应用于液力变矩器性能预测和设计方法的发展。     

牵引成骨矫治硬腭骨缺损动物模型的建立

目的建立一种应用牵引成骨技术矫治硬腭骨缺损畸形的腭裂动物模型。方法1-1.5岁健康家犬8只为实验对象(6只为实验组,2只为实验对照组)。以外科手术在硬腭部模仿临床腭裂形成骨缺损裂隙,实验组同时放置牵引装置,并形成骨运送盘,8周后观察裂隙关闭情况及软、硬组织形态,了解模型建立后牵引成骨的可行性。结果实验组犬经安置牵引装置后可关闭硬腭处骨裂隙,牵引装置固定稳固,X线显示骨运送盘可牵移,骨缺损区裂隙闭合,全身状况良好。对照组犬8周后,腭裂隙仍存在,大小形状与手术时无差别。结论通过手术方式建立的腭裂动物模型,可用于牵引成骨技术矫治腭裂骨缺损,具有一定的可行性。