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11.
Eco-Driving, a driver behaviour-based method, has featured in a number of national policy documents as part of CO2 emission reduction or climate change strategies. This investigation comprises a detailed assessment of acceleration and deceleration in Eco-Driving Vehicles at different penetration levels in the vehicle fleet, under varying traffic composition and volume. The impacts of Eco-Driving on network-wide traffic and environmental performance at a number of speed-restricted road networks (30?km/h) is quantified using microsimulation. The results show that increasing levels of Eco-Driving in certain road networks result in significant environmental and traffic congestion detriments at the road network level in the presence of heavy traffic. Increases in CO2 emissions of up to 18% were found. However, with the addition of vehicle-to-vehicle or vehicle-to-infrastructure communication technology which facilitates dynamic driving control on speed and acceleration/deceleration in vehicles, improvements in CO2 emissions and traffic congestion are possible using Eco-Driving. 相似文献
12.
Kho Shahriar Iqbal Gabriele Bulian Kazuhiko Hasegawa Md. Mashud Karim Zobair Ibn Awal 《Journal of Marine Science and Technology》2008,13(3):270-281
The safety of inland passenger vessels operating in Bangladesh has been investigated. By thorough analysis of past accident
data, the main causes of intact stability failures have been determined: adverse weather conditions and overloading, likely
resulting in crowding to one side. Historical series of wind data were gathered and their analysis suggests that an increase
in the wind speed presently used in the Weather Criterion in force in Bangladesh could be advisable. A model of a small passenger
ship typically operated in Bangladesh has been analyzed in order to identify the most relevant hazards under intact ship conditions.
A strongly jeopardizing effect of overloading under intact ship conditions has been detected when analyzing the hazard from
the crowding of people to one side. 相似文献
13.
Transportation - Studies on the impact of changes in travel costs on car and public transport use are typically based on cross-sectional travel survey data or time series analysis and do not... 相似文献
14.
As Global Positioning System (GPS) technology advances, it has been increasingly used to supplement traditional self-reported travel surveys due to its promising features in capturing travel data with better accuracy and reliability. Realizing the limitations of diary-based surveys, this paper presents a study that directly accounts for trip misreporting behavior in trip generation models. Travel data were obtained from prompted-recall assisted GPS survey along with a diary-based survey. Negative Binomial models for count data were developed to accommodate misreporting behavior by introducing interaction effects of the sample-indicator variable with various personal and household variables. The interaction effects indicate how the impacts of the socioeconomic and demographic variables on trip-making vary across the two samples. Assuming that the GPS sample represents the ground truth, the interaction effects actually capture the likelihood and the extent of trip misreporting by detailed personal and household characteristics. The model results reveal significant interaction effects of several personal and household variables, indicating misreporting behavior associated with these attributes. The addition of interaction coefficients to the main effect model represents the real impacts of the independent variables, after compensating for trip misreporting behavior, if any. 相似文献
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Transportation - The paper presents a dynamic discrete–continuous modelling approach to capture individuals’ tour-based mode choices and continuous time expenditure choices tradeoffs in... 相似文献
17.
Kaviyarasu Yellappan Kulanthayan K.C. Mani Shamsul Bahri Md. Tamrin 《国际交通安全学会研究报告》2019,43(3):153-160
This study aims to identify the determinants of certified helmet use among postal delivery riders (PDRs) in rural areas of Peninsular Malaysia. A cross-sectional study was done among 269 PDRs from 50 postal distribution centres (DC) nationwide. Data collection was achieved through observation of the helmets and a questionnaire. The quality of the motorcycle helmets was determined by the presence of the certification label issued by the Standards and Industrial Research Institute of Malaysia (SIRIM). The response rate was 99.3%. The odds of full-shell helmets having the SIRIM label were 37.1 times more than that of the half-shell helmets. The odds of non-purchased helmets having the SIRIM label were 14.9 times more than that of the purchased helmets. The odds of expensive helmets having the SIRIM label were 4.4 times more than that for cheaper motorcycle helmets. The odds of helmets owned by riders without a previous crash history having the SIRIM label were 1.9 times more than helmets owned by riders with a crash history. Full-shell helmets with SIRIM standard certification, non-purchased helmets, helmet price of US$11.00 or more, and motorcycle riders without any previous crash history were determinants that contributed towards the use of a certified motorcycle helmet. Multiple logistic regression indicated that two variables significantly predicted the use of a certified motorcycle helmet among PDRs – helmet type and cost. An employer that provides the employees with full-shell motorcycle helmets with SIRIM standard certification label that costs at least US$11.00 and hiring motorcycle riders without any previous crash history gives a higher chance of compliance with standard certified motorcycle helmet usage. 相似文献
18.
The dissolution of a relationship is a life event that often coincides with many other changes in life, such as a decline in income level or household size or a change in place of residence. This study aims to provide more insight into the ways in which circumstances shortly following the disruption of a relationship affect travel behaviour. Register data that combines information on the Dutch population, income and vehicle registration are used to understand how personal situations that are closely related to relationship disruption affect car ownership. The study shows that several characteristics of singles and single partners shortly after a breakup negatively affect car ownership. For instance, a relatively low income level, unemployment, living in a city or a residential move all affect car ownership negatively. This study focuses on the role of circumstances shortly after relationship disruption, demonstrating the importance of such an event. 相似文献
19.
Dewan Md Zahurul Islam J. Fabian Meier Paulus T. Aditjandra Thomas H. Zunder Giuseppe Pace 《Research in Transportation Economics》2013
In this paper an introduction to the principles and methods used in logistics and supply chain management is presented. It begins by a discussion on fundamentals and explains the relevant terms. Next policy and practice associated with logistics and freight services are regarded with a focus on the EU policy for the sector which greatly influences the development of logistics chains and services. Mathematical formulation of typical transport and logistics-related problems is also presented followed by a discussion on the concept of sustainability. 相似文献
20.
The objective of this study was to estimate the strength and deformability of corroded steel plates under quasi-static uniaxial
tension. In order to accurately simulate this problem, we first estimated the true stress–strain relationship of a flat steel
plate by introducing a vision sensor system to the deformation measurements in tensile tests. The measured true stress–stain
relationship was then applied to a series of nonlinear implicit three-dimensional finite element analyses using commercial
code LS-DYNA. The strength and deformability of steel plates with various pit sizes, degrees of pitting intensity, and general
corrosion were estimated both experimentally and numerically. The failure strain in relation to the finite element mesh size
used in the analyses was clarified. Two different steels having yield ratios of 0.657 and 0.841 were prepared to examine the
material effects on corrosion damage. The strength and deformability did not show a clear dependence on the yield ratios of
the present two materials, whereas a clear dependence was shown with respect to the surface configuration such as the minimum
cross-sectional area of the specimens, the maximum depth of the pit cusp from the mean corrosion diminution level, and pitting
patterns. Empirical formulae for the reduction of deformability and the reduction of energy absorption of pitted plates were
proposed which may be useful in strength assessment when examining the structural integrity of aged corroded structures. 相似文献