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171.
LI Qing-fen WANG Peng REN Zheng-yi and LONG Ping School of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Harbin Engineering University Harbin China 《船舶与海洋工程学报》2003,2(2):1-4
In this paper, the effect of plastic constraint on the initiation of ductile tears in four different shipbuilding structural steels has been experimentally studied by measuring the J-integral and crack opening displacement COD at initiation in three-point bend specimens with deep and shallow notches. Experimental results of seven groups of different strength alloy steels show that both Si and Ji values of ductile tear from the shallow crack specimens which have less constraint flow field are significantly higher than those of deeply notched specimens. Slip-line-field analysis shows that, for shallow crack, the hydrostatic stress is lower than that from standard deeply cracked bend specimen, which develops a high level of crack tip constraint, provides a lower bound estimate of toughness, and will ensure an unduly conservative approach when applied to structural defects, especially if initiation values of COD and J-integral are used. 相似文献
172.
LIU Ya-dong LI Ji-de LI ZhenCollege of Shipbuilding Engineering Harbin Engineering University Harbin China 《船舶与海洋工程学报》2002,1(2):6-11
In this paper a 3-D panoramic simulation system of a ship is described which is developed with the MAXSCRTPT language and VC + + as programming tools on the platform of 3 Dsmax. The strip theory method is applied to the motion prediction of the mono-hull. The time history solutions of heave and pitch are obtained in the condition of head sea to provide the primary data on panoramic simulation. The simulation system has following functions: 1) digital simulation; 2 ) panoramic simulation; 3) environmental set-up; 4) render preview and output. 相似文献
173.
174.
Bin Wu 《WMU Journal of Maritime Affairs》2003,2(1):17-32
As a global labour market exists for international shipping, a challenging issue facing this industry is to get access to
reliable, accurate and timely information of seafarers’ demand and supply. Related to the deregulation environment and great
variety in the availability and quality of relevant information, an enquiry into the global seafaring labour market is more
complex than a national labour force survey. To cope with the challenge, a novel approach has been developed by the Seafarers
International Research Centre (SIRC) at Cardiff University. Viewing capital (ship), labour (seafarers) and services (cargo
or passengers) as interconnected and interwoven to each other, it collects and analyses crew lists from main ports world-wide,
resulting in the creation of the first global seafarers database. The purpose of this paper is explain its methodological
principles, and to illustrate its application potential. Taking the cruise sector as an example, research findings and methodological
implications are highlighted. 相似文献
175.
WANG Jian-fang LI Ji-de and CAI Xin-gongSchool of Shipbuilding Engineering Harbin Engineering University Harbin China 《船舶与海洋工程学报》2003,2(2):31-39
In this paper, a 3D source distribution technique is used to calculate the coupled motions between two ships which advance in the wave with the same speed. The numerical results of coupled motions for a frigate and a supply ship have a good agreement with the experimental results. Based on the 3D coupled motions of two ships, a spectral analysis is employed to clearly observe the effect of speed, clearance and wave heading on the significant relative motion amplitude (SRMA) of two ships.The method presented in this paper will be helpful to select suitable clearance, speed and wave heading for underway replenishment at sea(RAS). 相似文献
176.
The impact of high-speed technology on railway demand 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper estimates a passenger railway demand function to analyse effects arising from the introduction and use of high-speed
technologies. The paper reports estimates of demand elasticities with respect to price, income, quality of service and a range
of exogenous characteristics. The results show that travel time savings from conventional high-speed technology have a larger
impact on passenger demand than tilting train technology. The introduction of conventional high-speed technology is associated
with an 8% increase in passenger railway demand. Increasing the use of either type of high-speed technology appears to induce
small positive effects on demand beyond those obtained from usual traffic density increases on non-high-speed existing technology.
Antonio Couto is an assistant professor in the Faculty of Engineering (FEUP) at the University of Porto. He received his PhD from FEUP in 2005 having completed a thesis in railway transport economics. His research focuses on issues related to transport economics and infrastructures. Daniel J. Graham is a Reader in the Centre for Transport Studies at Imperial College London. He specialises in the economics of transport, focusing in particular on modelling the implications of transport provision and accessibility for productivity and economic growth. 相似文献
Daniel J. Graham (Corresponding author)Email: |
Antonio Couto is an assistant professor in the Faculty of Engineering (FEUP) at the University of Porto. He received his PhD from FEUP in 2005 having completed a thesis in railway transport economics. His research focuses on issues related to transport economics and infrastructures. Daniel J. Graham is a Reader in the Centre for Transport Studies at Imperial College London. He specialises in the economics of transport, focusing in particular on modelling the implications of transport provision and accessibility for productivity and economic growth. 相似文献
177.
Understanding of the activity-travel patterns of children is becoming increasingly important to various policy makers. Further,
there is also a growing recognition that intra-household interactions need to be explicitly accommodated in travel models
for realistic forecasts and policy evaluation. In the light of these issues, this paper contributes towards an overall understanding
of the school-travel behavior of children and the related interdependencies among the travel patterns of parents and children.
An econometric model is formulated to simultaneously determine the choice of mode and the escorting person for children’s
travel to and from school. The 2000 San Francisco Bay Area Travel Survey (BATS) data are used in the model estimation process.
Empirical results indicate that the characteristics of child like age, gender, and ethnicity, and employment and work flexibility
characteristics of the parents have strong impacts on the mode choice decisions. In addition, the impacts of some of these
attributes on the choice of mode to school are different from the corresponding impacts on the choice of mode from school. The distance between home and school is found to strongly and negatively impact the choice of walking to and from
school, with the impact being stronger for walking to school. Several land-use and built-environment variables were explored,
but were found not to be statistically significant predictors.
相似文献
Sivaramakrishnan Srinivasan (Corresponding author)Email: |
178.
Konstantinos G. Zografos Konstantinos N. Androutsopoulos Teemu Sihvola 《Transportation》2008,35(6):777-795
Flexible transport services include a wide range of demand responsive transport systems that provide non-conventional passenger
and freight transportation services. Several alternative business models varying according to the local market conditions,
the socio-economic, legal, and institutional framework may be developed for the provision of Flexible Transport Systems (FTS).
The objective of this paper is twofold: first to present an integrated methodological framework for developing and assessing
alternative FTS business models and second to demonstrate its applicability to a case study regarding the prioritization of
alternative FTS business models for the provision of flexible passenger transport services in Helsinki.
相似文献
Teemu SihvolaEmail: |
179.
The aim of this work is to test the application of a method for making a qualitative evaluation of pedestrian crossings, based on the methodology of Khisty (Transportation Research Record 1438:45–50, 1994). The study identifies the Performance Measures (Comfort, Safety, System Continuity), with their respective attributes (waiting time, space available while waiting to cross, number of pedestrians, one-way or two-way street, state of the road surface, road width, vehicle speed, visibility, lighting conditions, guardrails, absence of obstacles in vicinity, state of sidewalks, lowered kerb, pedestrian signals, central island), which may be utilized in the evaluation. The first step was to ascertain the relative importance, from the point of view of the pedestrian, of the Performance Measures employed. Then the level-of-service (LOS), as perceived by the users, was determined for each of the pedestrian crossings in the survey, on the basis of the users’ level of satisfaction with each attribute. Khisty’s methodology makes it possible to relate the overall level of satisfaction with a qualitative LOS for the pedestrian facility under analysis. The chosen methodology was adapted to the Brazilian context, in a case study carried out in the city of São Paulo (Brazil), in collaboration with the local Traffic Engineering Corporation (Companhia de Engenharia de Tráfego, CET-SP). To this end, four pedestrian crossings at road junctions with traffic lights were analysed. The qualitative LOS obtained were compared to the quantitative LOS, calculated according to the Highway Capacity Manual (TRB 2000). 相似文献
180.
Sacrificial multi-piece molds can be used for producing complex parts. To obtain the optimal design of molds automatically, a multi-objective optimal approach is proposed. Mold pieces number, material utilization and partitioning area are taken as the objective functions, and the machinability of each mold piece is taken as constraint condition. Genetic algorithm (GA) is adopted to realize global optimization of partitioning process. Each mold piece in optimal scheme can be manufactured by milling and drilling operations, which reduce the tooling cost and shorten product cycle obviously. Using the proposed approach, mold design can be significantly automated for making complex parts. 相似文献