Modelling major traffic incident impacts and estimation of their associated costs

Network area-wide impacts due to major traffic incidents can be assessed using a microsimulation approach. A VISSIM microsimulation model for a motorway network has been developed and is used to quantify impacts of a major incident in terms of associated costs. The modelled results reveal that a 65% capacity reduction results in 36% more incident-induced delay when compared with the application of a 50% capacity reduction assumption for a two-hour incident clearance duration that blocked one lane of a two-lane motorway. Additionally, an incident which caused a full blockage incurred 40 times more associated impact costs when compared with a major incident which caused a one lane blockage. A 23% cost saving can be achieved by clearing one lane of a fully blocked two-hour major traffic incident after 90 minutes, while a 37% cost saving can be achieved by clearing all blockages after 90 minutes.     

多孔材料与声腔、钣金耦合的研究及建模方法标定

为突破汽车NVH仿真中NTF仿真精度难题,设计制作了“刚性壁乘员舱”,把“声腔模态”与“容器”的耦合效应降到可以忽略。基于此刚性壁乘员舱,分析了子声腔对整体声腔模态的影响,讨论了多孔材料的建模方法,建立了座椅和地毯等多孔材料模型,量化分析了前围隔声材料对钣金振动与声腔模态耦合的影响。仿真和试验对标的结果表明,空腔模态、空气传递声传递函数、结构传递振动传递函数和声传递函数均获得较好的仿真精度,为整车低频路噪和发动机噪声控制提供了参考。