临时路径发生器学引的UUV跟踪控制(英文)

A path following control algorithm for an unmanned underwater vehicle(UUV) using temporary path generation guidance was proposed in this paper.Owing to different initial states of the vehicle,such as position and orientation,the path following control in the horizontal plane may yield a poor performance.To deal with the negative effect induced by initial states,a temporary path generation was presented based on the relationship between the original reference path and the vehicle’s initial states.With different relative positions between the vehicle and reference path,including out of straight lines,as well as inside and outside a circle,the related temporary paths guiding the vehicle to the reference path were able to be generated in real time.The vehicle was guided to steer along the temporary path until it reached the tangent point at the reference path,where the controller was designed using the input-output feedback linearization method.Simulation results demonstrated that the proposed algorithm is effective under the three different situations mentioned above.     

Toxic air pollutants and trucking productivity in the US

This paper introduces toxic air pollutants into the measurement of trucking productivity to obtain true productivity growth. Our results show that omitting or ignoring toxic air pollutants in measuring trucking productivity yields statistically significant biased productivity estimates in for 2002-2005. Trucking productivity growth was understated by the traditional productivity measure, because the latter did not account for reductions in truck air pollution over time. We also find that the difference between traditional and environmental efficiency scores was negligible, suggesting that environmental constraint did not distort efficiency in the trucking sector.     

分段微差爆破技术在桥梁人工挖孔桩中的应用

桥梁灌注桩基础成孔方法一般采用人工挖孔和机械挖孔两种,在某些复杂特殊地质条件下的人工挖孔桩施工中,采用微差爆破技术具有独特优势,尤其适应缺水、缺黄粘土以及地势陡峭设备无法调运地区。本文结合吉茶高速公路团结3号桥桩基人工挖孔实践,详细阐述了浅孔分段微差爆破技术在桥梁桩基人工挖孔施工中的应用,该成果可供具有类似地质条件下的桩基施工参考。     

雾天不同能见度条件下高速公路限速建议值研究

高速公路雾天不同能见度条件下,驾驶员对道路线形走向的敏感性有所变化,驾驶员需要不断调整方向盘,以不同的车速行驶在线形不断变化的高速公路上.为了探寻在雾天不同能见度条件下,驾驶员以不同车速通过不同曲率道路时的驾驶行为安全特性,利用UC-win/Road建立道路驾驶模拟环境,采集驾驶员在单因素和正交多因素实验方案条件下的车辆运行轨迹数据,结合驾驶行为特点提出了新的评价指标(车辆横向偏移系数)对驾驶员的驾驶行为进行分析.结果表明,能见度、圆曲线半径和车速对车辆横向偏移均具有显著性影响;并且通过正交试验确定各因素对车辆横向偏移影响由强到弱依次为:能见度(F=531.643)>圆曲线半径(F=256.599)>车速(F=45.986).     

石板坡长江大桥复线桥工程专用水泥对混凝土性能影响研究

针对石板坡长江大桥复线桥结构和施工特点生产的专用水泥通过对水泥矿物组成及水化热的控制,对降低混凝土温升,提高混凝土体积稳定性和耐久性起到了直接、有效的作用。采用专用水泥配制的高性能混凝土具有良好的综合技术性能。     

新矩阵法化简中心-焦点型齐四次系统

定义新的矩阵运算方法，采用可逆实对称矩阵变换，将微分方程中的中心-焦点型齐四次系统化简，使之最多含有9个参数，这种矩阵方法方便实用，它将某种二元多项式系统用矩阵系统表示，使系统易于进行线性变换，为计算该系统的焦点量上界问题做准备。     

Determination of Critical Slip Surface of Soil Slope

A new complex method is presented considering not only the improvement upon the ＂bad ＂design point, but also the diversity of the newly generated complex, which is obtained by replacing the ＂bad ＂design point with the better design point located at the line between the ＂bad ＂design point and the ceotroid of the remaining design points of the old complex. The new complex method is applied to searching for the critical slip surface of two non-homogeneous soil slopes. The comparison of the results obtained by the new complex method with that by the basic complex method shows that the new complex method is much more likely to find the true critical surface for the randomly generated initial complex.     

城市道路交叉口行人违章行为心理研究

交叉口是各种交通工具的交汇点,行人在交叉口的违章行为很突出,是诱发交通事故的主要原因之一.为了找出行人违章的行为规律和原因,通过在交叉口观测,对违章行人进行访谈以及对特定对象进行调查问卷,了解行人违章的规律和心理原因,并分析了行人违章的心理活动过程.指出行人违章的主要原因是节约时间、交叉口设计不合理、从众心理、侥幸心理、无人管理等,由于安全需要的优势地位被其他需要取代,客观环境又为行人违章提供了条件,在各种条件的共同作用下,最终产生了违章行为.最后,结合行人违章行为的心理分析结论,提出加强安全教育,改善行人交通设施,加大对违章行人处罚力度三方面措施,减少和预防行人违章行为的发生.     

柔性钢棚洞结构在落石灾害防治中的应用研究

为了解决柔性钢棚洞结构研究和设计依据缺乏的问题,针对我国交通建设中落石灾害的广布偶发与集中群发的特点,比较了不同落石灾害防治措施在工程应用中的优缺点,分析了刚性和柔性棚洞结构的特点及在设计理论、动力性能及稳定性能等方面的研究现状;并利用有限元软件ANSYS进行数值模拟,结果表明:在相同宽度、延伸长度和防护能级的条件下,柔性钢棚洞在结构受力、施工、环保和经济性等方面具有显著优越性,特别适用于隧道、公路进出口对落石的防护,尤其是快速抢修抢建工程.      

将断裂理论引进基坑开挖的有限元分析中

断裂力学是近年来新兴的一门综合学科,本文将断裂力学的基本原理与土的强度理论相结合,采用适用于土体的抗裂强度理论,建立开裂后土体的本构关系,分析土体开裂对基坑支护结构的影响。开发了弹塑性有限元程序。并将程序的计算结果与模型实验的结果进行了对比。