基于CPLD的单体泵高速电磁阀升压电路的设计与实现

论述了一种基于CPLD的单体泵高速电磁阀升压电路的设计,分析了电磁阀驱动的工程需求,提出了一种改进的Boost电路,并结合CPLD可编程逻辑的控制策略进行了仿真和试验。电路采用逐次比较的升压方式结合CPLD逻辑进行脉宽调制,并把升压过程和喷射过程分开。试验结果表明,电路满足高速电磁阀的驱动要求,可增强系统稳定性,降低功耗。     

冰雪条件下中国驾驶员跟驰行为及模型研究

分析驾驶员在冰雪条件下的驾驶行为特性，建立考虑驾驶员行为特性的跟驰模型，有助于丰富现有交通流理论.通过招募驾驶员开展实车跟驰试验，对比分析正常条件与冰雪条件下的驾驶行为差异.进而基于任务难度均衡理论构建包含人类因素参数的任务难度模块，引入改进后的智能驾驶员模型，并采用车辆轨迹数据对模型进行标定和有效性验证.研究表明：驾驶员在跟驰行驶过程中受外界刺激及自身驾驶能力影响时会对车辆行驶状态进行动态调整，试图保持期望间距，且速度与前车一致的状态；冰雪条件下驾驶员采取风险补偿行为，其车头时距波动幅度较正常条件收窄，模型引入人类因素参数可以较好地描述其差异性. 模型有效性验证表明，新模型在6个仿真场景中的表现都优于传统智能驾驶员模型，且表现出更好的鲁棒性.研究结果可为冰雪条件下的交通管理措施制定提供理论支持.     

CORRELATIONS BETWEEN BLOOD PRESSURE AND BODY WEIGHT, SERUM LEPTIN IN HIGH CALORIE DIET-INDUCED OBESE RATS

Objective To examine the change of body weight （BW） and blood pressure （BP） in obese rats, clarify relationships between BP and BW and other factors. Methods Male Spraque-Dawley rats were fed either with normal diet （ND） or high calorie diet （HC） for 20 weeks. BW and BP of tail artery were observed biweekly and tetraweekly respectively; serum leptin and fasting insulin （FINS） were detected by enzyme-linked immunoadsordent assay （ELISA） and radioimmunoassay （RIA） respectively. Fasting plasma glucose （FPG） and free fatty acid（FFA） were measured by conventional means. Results BW, abdominal fat weight （AFW）, ratio of abdominal fat weight to body weight （RF/W）, systolic blood pressure （SBP）, diastolic blood pressure （DBP）, serum levels of leptin and FINS, FPG, FFA increased in the HD group after 20 weeks diet intervention （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01 ）. SBP was strongly correlated with BW, leptin, FINS and FFA （P〈0.05）, DBP was correlated with FFA （ r =0.47, P〈0.05）. In addition, leptin was positively correlated with BW, AFW, RF/W, FINS and FFA （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01 ）. Conclusion In this study of high calorie-diet induced rats, the gain of BW is accompanied by increased BP. The obese rats have hyperleptinemia, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia which may have important effects on the development of obesityrelated hypertension. RF/W is the key factor in which affect serum leptin level.     

气体燃料/汽油两用燃料汽车自适应燃料点火器

气体燃料 /汽油两用燃料汽车燃用不同燃料时 ,最佳点火提前角相差悬殊。采用自适应燃料点火器可根据发动机使用燃料的不同自动改变点火提前角。论述了单片机控制自适应燃料点火器的软、硬件结构和工作原理。试验结果表明 ,加装自适应燃料点火器后 ,发动机动力性增加 2 .6%～3.1 % ,燃料消耗率下降 2 .6%～ 3.4%。     

证据理论在航空装备性能评审中的应用

分析了航空装备可靠性、维修性、保障性(RMS)评审中存在着许多难以量化的因素，利用专家经验等隐性知识，构建了基于证据理论的航空装备RMS评审模型，通过证据合成，消除或控制了航空装备RMS评审中的不确定性，提高了评审决策的科学性。     

混凝土细骨料级配的分形特征研究

利用分形几何学原理对混凝土骨料级配进行研究，发现混凝土组成材料具有许多明显的分形现象，因此认为分形可以成为对混凝土研究的一种有效的新的方法。建立了骨料级配与分维值D的关系，以及分形体积V、分形孔隙率P与分维值D的关系。     

����GIS�Ĺ�·���������֧��ϵͳ

首先介绍了系统的开发目标和系统的总体框架结构,然后分别介绍了各主要模块的功能和具体的实现过程.为协调公路网络建设、规划及管理之间的工作,建立了基于GIS的公路网管理决策支持系统.利用GIS技术,通过交通信息采集系统建立了基础地理信息数据库和公路交通信息数据库,并生成了动态电子地图系统,对交通信息分析的结果实现了信息可视化输出,从而为公路交通管理部门和规划部门提供准确、直观的决策信息.     

高速列车车体传热系数数值计算分析

车体隔热性能是高速列车车体重要性能之一。利用CFD(计算流体动力学)数值模拟方法,分别采用二维截面法和三维部件法对某高速列车车体围护结构传热进行模拟,得到二维典型截面和三维典型部件的传热系数,经加权平均获得整车的车体传热系数。两种计算方法得到的车体传热系数相对误差仅为2.5%,在目前无法实现整车车体k值模拟计算的情况下,二维截面法和三维部件法都可以满足工程计算要求。与二维截面法相比,三维部件法建模速度快,更贴近实际车型,能更好地反映车体围护结构的薄弱环节。     

镁合金材料在轨道交通行业中的应用前景

比较系统地综述了镁合金材料的性能特点及其应用领域;简述了轨道交通工具轻量化的意义及镁合金在轨道交通工具中的应用现状;针对我国镁合金的资源和开发应用情况,提出了轨道交通工具用镁合金制品的开发应用方向,指出了尚待解决的问题。     

Severity of pedestrian injuries due to traffic crashes at signalized intersections in Hong Kong: a Bayesian spatial logit model

The present study intended to (1) investigate the injury risk of pedestrian casualties involved in traffic crashes at signalized intersections in Hong Kong; (2) determine the effect of pedestrian volumes on the severity levels of pedestrian injuries; and (3) explore the role of spatial correlation in econometric crash‐severity models. The data from 1889 pedestrian‐related crashes at 318 signalized intersections between 2008 and 2012 were elaborately collected from the Traffic Accident Database System maintained by the Hong Kong Transport Department. To account for the cross‐intersection heterogeneity, a Bayesian hierarchical logit model with uncorrelated and spatially correlated random effects was developed. An intrinsic conditional autoregressive prior was specified for the spatial correlation term. Results revealed that (1) signalized intersections with greater pedestrian volumes generally exhibited a lower injury risk; (2) ignoring the spatial correlation potentially results in reduced model goodness‐of‐fit, an underestimation of variability and standard error of parameter estimates, as well as inconsistent, biased, and erroneous inference; (3) special attention should be paid to the following factors, which led to a significantly higher probability of pedestrians being killed or sustaining severe injury: pedestrian age greater than 65 years, casualties with head injuries, crashes that occurred on footpaths that were not obstructed/overcrowded, heedless or inattentive crossing, crashes on the two‐way carriageway, and those that occurred near tram or light‐rail transit stops. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.