基于双参数雨流法的地铁车辆转向架构架寿命评估

采用双参数雨流法对在线实测的地铁车辆转向架构架载荷时间历程进行计数统计,分离出完整的应力循环和半循环,表征了构架服役过程的随机载荷谱块。根据名义应力法理论及miner疲劳损伤累积理论,估算出了地铁车辆转向架构架的疲劳寿命。分析结果表明,测点处的寿命为13.4年左右。     

对城市轨道交通站台屏蔽门结构测试的修改建议

分析了CJ/T236—2006《城市轨道交通站台屏蔽门》中有关屏蔽门整体结构技术要求及结构测试方法的现有条款的不足之处,提出术语应统一,重点要突出,条文要适度简化并加强协调,折算方法应作必要补充等建议。     

富水砂卵石地层盾构换刀方案

成都地铁1号线盾构隧道工程主要穿越地层为砂卵石地层,砂卵石对盾构机的刀具磨损较为严重,为保证盾构掘进的正常进行,需要频繁更换刀具。通过对成都地铁1号线施工中的几种盾构换刀方案进行比较,提出了富水砂卵石地质情况施工中合理换刀方案。     

Socially and environmentally appropriate urban futures for the motor car

In its relatively short life, the automobile has provided a level of mobility unlikely to have been feasible with a reliance on conventional forms of land based public transport. It has contributed in both a positive and negative way to the quality of life, transforming our cities, our way of life, and giving us a greater command over time and space. Concern over the undesirable social and environmental impacts has increased over time, with calls for governments to take action to reduce the automobile's dominant role. New investment in fixed-track public transport and bus priority systems together with strategies to discourage travel have been proposed to improve accessibility and to aid in cleaning up the physical environment. This paper reviews some of the issues facing society as it works to identify policies to achieve an economically and environmentally sustainabie future. There is a need for a broader set of policies to facilitate alternative land use-transport lifestyles while facing appropriate pricing signals. Some of the key issues are adjustments in the relative prices of location and transport, spatial incentives to make public transport economically viable (i.e. changing urban densities, zoning/incentive changes to allow more infill), road pricing (i.e. charging cars the economic cost of using the roads), new information technology systems (e.g. IVHS) to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of transport infrastructure, major improvements in the fuel efficiency of fossil fuelled vehicles, and alternative-fuelled vehicles (clean-air vehicles).     

DN2000钢顶管穿越磁浮线路的安全监护

磁浮安全保护区安全监护的好坏,直接关系到磁浮线路的运营安全布点、观测、数据的采集和分析,以及施工现场的监护,每一步工作都应该严格按照监护方案执行,以确保磁浮安全的万无一失。通过典型案例介绍了磁浮安全保护区监测和监护的工作方法。     

激光堆焊工艺在修造领域的应用现状及发展趋势

本文详细阐述了激光堆焊工艺在工业修造领域的应用现状及发展趋势,介绍了激光束的能源、输送和聚焦系统、堆焊材料及激光设备。重点说明了其在修造领域的应用工艺。     

复杂地质条件下锁扣钢管桩深水围堰施工

介绍锁扣钢管桩围堰与其他双壁钢围堰、钢板桩围堰的不同和各自适应条件;通过韩江特大桥锁扣钢管桩围堰施工实践,重点阐述了在复杂地质条件下,水中锁扣钢管桩围堰的加工、插打、合龙、堵漏、挖泥、封底等施工工艺,以期推广锁扣钢管桩围堰的应用。     

地铁减振存在的问题分析与建议

从梳理现阶段地铁减振的程序和规范要求及通常做法入手,讨论地铁减振过度或不当所存在的问题,系统分析规范标准、基础理论和方法、管理等方面的原因,提出相应的改进建议,包括开展相关基础理论研究、完善方法标准体系、加大环保及环评在地铁项目实施中的介入深度、实施项目全过程分阶段环评、逐步建立环保(减振降噪)管理专项制度等。     

Use and perceptions of a real time passenger information system

The use of high-technology systems in the transport sector has increased steadily over recent years. This paper outlines the development of vehicle monitoring and control systems and their use in the public transport arena. The paper shows how one such system, that operated by Datatrak Ltd., has been adapted to provide a real time passenger information system for the RiverBus Partnership in London.

1 The RiverBus service described in this article ceased operation in August 1993. The collapse of the RiverBus Partnership followed the financial difficulties surrounding Olympia and York, developers of Canary Wharf in London Docklands.

Passenger use and perception of the system is evaluated, based on surveys of RiverBus users. This provides an evaluation of the system, and highlights the importance of introducing such systems based on user information needs and as part of the total marketing package.     

A simple formulation for predicting the ultimate strength of ships

The aim of this study is to derive a simple analytical formula for predicting the ultimate collapse strength of a single- and double-hull ship under a vertical bending moment, and also to characterize the accuracy and applicability for earlier approximate formulations. It is known that a ship hull will reach the overall collapse state if both collapse of the compression flange and yielding of the tension flange occur. Side shells in the vicinity of the compression and the tension flanges will often fail also, but the material around the final neutral axis will remain in the elastic state. Based on this observation, a credible distribution of longitudinal stresses around the hull section at the overall collapse state is assumed, and an explicit analytical equation for calculating the hull ultimate strength is obtained. A comparison between the derived formula and existing expressions is made for largescale box girder models, a one-third-scale frigate hull model, and full-scale ship hulls.List of symbols A _B total sectional area of outer bottom - A _B total sectional area of inner bottom - A _D total sectional area of deck - A _S half-sectional area of all sides (including longitudinal bulkheads and inner sides) - a _s sectional area of a longitudinal stiffener with effective plating - b breadth of plate between longitudinal stiffeners - D hull depth - D _B height of double bottom - E Young's modulus - g neutral axis position above the base line in the sagging condition or below the deck in the hogging condition - H depth of hull section in linear elastic state - I _s moment of inertia of a longitudinal stiffener with effective plating - l length of a longitudinal stiffener between transverse beams - M _E elastic bending moment - M _p fully plastic bending moment of hull section - M _u ultimate bending moment capacity of hull section - M _uh ,M _us ultimate bending moment in hogging or sagging conditions - r radius of gyration of a longitudinal stiffener with effective plating [=(I _s /a _s )^1/2] - t plate thickness - Z elastic section modulus at the compression flange - Z _B ,Z _D elastic section modulus at bottom or deck - slenderness ratio of plate between stiffeners [= (b/t)(_y/E)^1/2] - slenderness ratio of a longitudinal stiffener with effective plating [=(l/r)(_y/E)^1/2] - _y yield strength of the material - _yB , _yB , _yD yield strength of outer bottom, inner bottom - _yS deck, or side - _u ultimate buckling strength of the compression flange - _uB , _uB , _uD ultimate buckling strength of outer bottom - _uS inner bottom, deck, or side