Transfer penalties: Another look at transit riders' reluctance to transfer

Two on-board surveys were conducted to determine how transit riders perceive transfers. The surveys were conducted before and after the imposition of a transfer in the middle of an existing bus route. Results of the surveys showed that riders perceive bus transit trips as significantly worse when the trip requires a transfer, even if transfer time is neglibible.     

Taxicab deregulation: Economic consequences and regulatory choices

The regulation of taxicab services is receiving an increasing amount of attention by city governments. At issue are the questions of whether local regulations should limit the supply of taxicabs and whether the regulations should control taxi fares.Recently, deregulation has become a popular suggestion; however, little empirical or theoretical evidence has existed to indicate the effects of taxi deregulations. This paper discusses these effects within a framework of eight regulatory scenarios involving different price, entry, and industry concentration factors. The analysis provides support for a public brokerage function.The preparation of this paper was supported, in part, by a contract from the Urban Mass Transportation Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation, Washington, DC.     

A Practical Approach of Developing Mathematical Model for All Speed Governors

The paper introduced a special approach for diesel‘s all-speed-governor modeling, which, in some cases,could solve the knotty problem frequently met in computer simulation of diesel propulsion system or diesel generating set. Suppose that it is hard to get a control-oriented governor mathematical model when the general approaches, the analytical approach or the experimental approach, are applied, and that an open-loop step response of the diesel engine and its system is available by means of computer simulation, the critical three parameters of a governor mathematical model, the proportional gain Kp, integral time constant Ki, and derivative time constant Kd, can be determined by use of PID tuning method which are widely applied in industrial process control. This paper discussed the train of thought of the approach, precondition, procedure, several modifications of the classical PID model, and some points for attention. A couple of case studies were given to demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach.     

Public access to the shoreline: The Rhode Island example

Abstract

Competition for the use of our nation's shoreline has produced a thorough analysis of means to accommodate the increased demands of the public for access to the shore. The issue of public access in Rhode Island is considered at three levels. First, Rhode Island cases involving common law doctrines, such as the public trust, dedication, and so forth, are examined for their relevance. Second, the effect of the federal government in Rhode Island through the Coastal Zone Management Act and its amendments is studied. Finally, two types of state management programs are considered—a Commission for the Discovery of Rights of Way and the Coastal Resources Management Council.     

Locating rapid transit lines

This paper describes the main criteria used to design rapid transit alignments. It also shows how Operational Research tools can assist the design process.