某型舰炮武器模拟训练系统设计

以军事需求为依据,提出了基于HLA的某型舰炮武器模拟训练系统的功能性能需求,描述了运行体系和支持条件等仿真环境,设计了软硬件实施方案和系统运行流程.实践证明该方案设计合理,可操作性强,能够达到武器系统仿真要求.     

An experimental study of the effect of low-noise wheels in reducing noise and vibration

Wheel/rail interaction is a major source of railway noise. A low-noise wheel structure is developed and its effect on noise reduction is investigated. This low-noise wheel employs a rubber material inserted into the steel rim or mounted on the wheel surface. The low-noise wheel has low stiffness and a high-damping ratio compared to a solid wheel. Measurement shows that it reduces rolling and squealing. It turns out that a subway line with the proposed wheel could reduce its interior noise level by 4–5 dB(A) and vehicle vibration level by 7–8 dB. While the proposed structure seems promising in noise reduction for railway vehicles, the endurance and cost effectiveness of the low-noise wheel are yet to be verified.     

山区公路水灾害评价体系框架的研究

为了提高山区公路抗水灾能力,在实地调查、研究基础之上,详细阐明了山区公路水灾害评价中危险性、易损性、损失、风险、减灾效益等基本概念。提出了山区公路水灾害评价系统应由危险性评价、易损性评价、风险评价及减灾效益评价4部分构成,而对于路网水灾害评价应由点、线、面构成,首次建立了完整的三维评价体系。指出对已有公路的防排水与抗水毁能力的工程评价,是水毁防治工程投资决策的重要依据,应作为重点进行研究。对于路网水灾害评价,应侧重于点(点单元)评价,适当考虑线评价。最后,从致灾因子、承灾体、灾情及防灾减灾4个方面构建了公路水灾害评价基本模型。     

Fuel economy comparison of conventional drive trains series and parallel hybrid electric step vans

A hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is a vehicle that combines a conventional propulsion system with an on-board rechargeable energy storage system to achieve better fuel economy than a conventional vehicle HEVs do not have limited ranges like battery electric vehicles, which use batteries charged by an external source. The different propulsion power systems may have common subsystems or components. The objective of this study is to compare the fuel economies of a conventional step van, a series hybrid electric step van (HESV), and a parallel HESV by calculating the fuel consumption using the ADVISOR software by NREL. We also showed the results of the vehicles in different driving cycles including the Central Business District bus cycles, the New York City Cycle, and the US EPA City and Highway cycles.     

Analysis of a regenerative braking system for Hybrid Electric Vehicles using an Electro-Mechanical Brake

The regenerative braking system of the Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) is a key technology that can improve fuel efficiency by 20∼50%, depending on motor size. In the regenerative braking system, the electronically controlled brake subsystem that directs the braking forces into four wheels independently is indispensable. This technology is currently found in the Electronic Stability Program (ESP) and in Vehicle Dynamic Control (VDC). As braking technologies progress toward brake-by-wire systems, the development of Electro-Mechanical Brake (EMB) systems will be very important in the improvement of both fuel consumption and vehicle safety. This paper investigates the modeling and simulation of EMB systems for HEVs. The HEV powertrain was modeled to include the internal combustion engine, electric motor, battery and transmission. The performance simulation for the regenerative braking system of the HEV was performed using MATLAB/Simulink. The control performance of the EMB system was evaluated via the simulation of the regenerative braking of the HEV during various driving conditions.     

Belt routing and safety assessment through computer simulation

Most of the research on safety belt systems has involved crash simulation that only considered a dynamic human model. However, belt routing analysis, usually known as comfort level estimation, is also an important factor in safety belt design, considering that serious injuries of the abdominal region result from the infiltration of a belt into the neck or the chest. Thus, safety belt evaluations using kinematic human models are also needed. In this paper, a belt fit simulation method is suggested. Using the proposed process, both comfort and safety analyses can be performed under the same conditions continuously, and thus the safety belt design parameters, such as the location of anchor points, dummy posture and etc., can be evaluated. In conclusion, this computer process enables a belt system design to reduce injuries.     

Performance of air conditioners with a gas-liquid separation condenser and one-tank laminated evaporator

In this study, a parallel flow condenser and laminated evaporator for an automotive air-conditioning system were modified to improve performance. Gas-liquid separation type condensers, in which the condenser and receiver drier are integrated, and one-tank laminated type evaporators were developed, and their performances were investigated experimentally using HFC-134a. Heat transfer characteristics in the condenser are examined by means of air temperature, air velocity entering the condenser and inlet pressure of the refrigerant; heat transfer characteristics in the evaporator are examined by means of air temperature, relative humidity, flow rate of air, outlet pressure of refrigerant and superheat. Pressure drops for both evaporator and condenser are also measured, and correlations for pressure drop are derived for the condenser and evaporator, respectively. Air velocity and mass flow rate of the refrigerant have a significant effect on the overall heat transfer coefficient, and flow pass is not significantly influenced by the cooling capacity of the condenser. The overall heat transfer coefficient of the evaporator increases as air flow rate, air temperature and relative humidity increases.     

电控汽油机喷油脉宽与燃油消耗质量关系试验研究

针对目前电喷汽油机油耗测量带来的新问题,根据喷油器喷油量控制原理,研究利用测量喷油脉宽来测量燃油消耗质量的方法;开发了喷油器喷油脉宽测量仪,通过试验分析了发动机在不同负荷、不同转速时喷油脉宽与燃油消耗质量之间的关系,为随车油耗快速检测设备的开发提供了基础。     

感·都市

树木丛生的新国 当长假期处处是雀跃的人群,我正在一个安静的小岛上无声地驰骋。新加坡,与以往一样,干净又平整的道路,适量的车子和少量的行人。这是一个非常注重私密的城市,围墙后种满粗壮又叶大的热带树木和植物,成为街道和小区的一道高大的自然屏风,任你如何眺望,也只能去幻想叶子缝隙中的光影。街道上有优雅的尊贵轿车,有精致的掀背车,一切的这些：干净、低调,不紧,不陧。只有在夜晚,才会有另一番景象：灯光照射下线条锐利的建筑,是一个标志;银色的GTR和衣着光鲜的美女,又是另一个标志,给平和往来的人们一些些小刺激。一道凌厉的风景线。