Hinterland strategies of port authorities: A case study of the port of Barcelona

Port authorities generally focus on the development of the local port area and play a minor role in the development of port hinterlands, whereas shippers, forwarders, barge and rail operators have always been involved in the port-hinterland connection. The increasing importance of intermodal hinterland networks for the competitive position of ports has urged port authorities to become active in the hinterland. This new role has already been suggested by different academics. However, limited empirical evidence exists of port authorities taking stakes in inland terminals or developing transport services. Barcelona, as one of the leading port authorities in this respect, is used as a case study in this paper. The case study provides insight in the components and execution of the hinterland strategy of Barcelona. It shows that the strategy of the port authority of Barcelona and the consequent active involvement in the hinterland has had a significant impact on attracting container volumes from distant hinterlands and improving the accessibility of the port.     

Electro-hydraulic braking system for autonomous vehicles

Reducing the number of traffic accidents is a declared target of most governments. Since dependence on driver reaction is the main cause of road accidents, it would be advisable to replace the human factor in some driving-related tasks with automated solutions. To automate a vehicle, it is necessary to control the actuators of a car, i.e., the steering wheel, accelerator, and brake. This paper presents the design and implementation of an electro-hydraulic braking system consisting of a pump and various valves, allowing the control computer to stop the car. It is assembled in conjunction with the original circuit for the sake of robustness and to permit the two systems to halt the car independently. This system was developed for installation in a commercial Citroën C3 Pluriel of the AUTOPIA program. Various tests were carried out to verify its correct operation, and an experiment showing the integration of the system into the longitudinal control of the car is described.     

均质充量压缩燃烧方式的研究进展及存在问题

介绍了均质充量压缩燃烧 (HCCI)方式的基本概念 ,分析了HCCI能实现较高热效率、低NOx 排放等优点的机理 ,论述了制约和影响HCCI方式的各种因素及其当前的研究进展 ,探讨了HCCI方式面临的主要困难及其解决途径 ,展望了HCCI方式的应用前景     

Approximate Dynamic Shimmy Response of Pneumatic Tires*

An improved approximation of the theory of the dynamic frequency response of side force and aligning torque acting upon the rolling wheel when the latter is moved laterally and swivelled about the vertical axis, is presented. The method is particularly suitable for application in vibration problems of steering and suspension systems of automobiles and aircraft where relatively high speed and high frequency phenomena play a role. The theoretical results show satisfactory agreement with experimental data. Calculations indicate that the inertia of the tire decreases the tendency to shimmy at higher frequencies and speeds of travel. For castered wheels however, tire inertia may have an adverse effect due to its unfavorable influence upon the side force response to swivel motions.     

潭邵高速公路路基膨胀土胀缩等级的评判

膨胀土胀缩性与土性指标之间的关系存在较大的模糊性和地域性。在优选判别方法和指标的前提下，运用模糊数学和等效数值法对潭邵高速公路路基膨胀土进行了胀缩等级的判定。     

岩溶区桩端持力岩层安全厚度计算研究

通过对岩石形特性及其破坏机理的深入分析，对岩溶区桥梁桩基桩端持力岩层安全厚度的确定进行了较全面的探讨，提出了一系列便于工程应用，且经济、安全可靠的计算公式，并结合湖南省潭邵高速公路建设，对公式的使用范围、注意事项、影响因素以及合理的安全系数的选取等进行了讨论。     

预应力锚索框架型地梁的内力计算

提出了预应力锚索框架型地梁内力的一种计算方法，即把框架地梁分解成单梁，按温克尔(Winkler)假定计算各单梁的内力，由此进行框架地梁的尺寸和配筋设计。在内力计算中同时考虑框架地梁的锚索张拉阶段和工作阶段。通过实际工程说明了计算方法。     

浆体灌入率对半柔性路面材料性能影响研究

在大空隙沥青混合料中灌注50%、60%、70%、80%、90%共5种不同灌入率的高流态水泥基灌浆料,从而制得半柔性路面材料。通过车辙试验、水稳定性能、抗压回弹模量、抗压强度的测试来研究浆体灌入率对半柔性路面材料的性能影响规律。研究结果表明,仅考虑车辙性能,浆体灌入率不宜低于60%,综合考虑其他性能,半柔性路面材料的浆体灌入率不宜低于80%。