Joint development at transit stations in the United States

Joint development, as the term is generally used in connection with transit systems in the United States, is real estate development that is closely linked to public transportation services and station facilities, and takes advantage of the market and locational advantages provided by them. Research conducted by LEK Associates for the Urban Mass Transportation Administration (UMTA) suggests that, in addition to helping shape urban growth and land development, joint development is also a surprisingly effective means of increasing transit system ridership and farebox revenues, as well as a source of increasingly significant revenues from the sale or lease of air rights.The completion of nine joint development projects in as many different cities, started under the former Urban Initiatives Program, for example, net additional annual ridership might reach 12000000 one-way trips. Net additional annual farebox revenues might reach over $9000000. This added revenue would be sufficient to repay the $62 million combined UMTA/transit operator investment in the nine projects, exclusive of the costs of the basic transit system improvements around which the projects are planned, in less than six years.Among transit authority-administered joint development programs examined in a separate study, the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA) has had the most success in generating significant value capture income. For example, the cumulative revenue realized by WMATA from just six joint development projects in the Washington, DC region, through September 1983 exceeded $ 6.9 million. Projections through fiscal year 1986 indicate cumulative revenues approximating $ 28 million will be received from developer leases.     

Urban transportation modeling: The discussion continues

This article is a response to John Polak's article, entitled, A Comment on Supernak's Critique of Transport Modeling, published elsewhere in this issue of TRANSPORTATION. It offers necessary clarifications to the issues discussed in an earlier article in this journal (Supernak, 1983). It also responds to the philosophical issues discussed in Polak's article, such as the nature of transport phenomena, and the role, form and methodology of transport modeling.     

Regional impacts of new transport infrastructure: a multisectoral potentials approach

This is the second of two background papers sponsored for the Symposium by the Administrative Commission for the north of the Netherlands. Its purpose is to provide an indication of the effects of the proposed high speed rail line between Amsterdam, Groningen and Hamburg on employment in the corridor. The authors first review the techniques of forecasting these effects discussed in the literature. The potentials approach is adopted for their analysis, the mathematics and underlying assumptions of which are presented. Finally, this model is run to provide an estimate of the impact on regional employment of three variants of the proposed rail line.     

The design of bus route systems — An interactive location-allocation approach

An interactive modelling approach is developed to solve the practical problem of bus route network design. Possible bus routes are identified with facilities which can be located. Zones or pairs of zones in the urban area are identified with customers who will be allocated to the established facilities. It is shown that the classical Set Covering Problem is useful under the assumption of fixed demand; the Simple Plant Location Problem is effective under the assumption of demand which is sensitive to the level of bus service provided.     

人类仿真技术在铁路系统中的应用

摘要：对应用于铁路人机工程学的人类仿真方法进行了总结,即一种仿真器是采用虚拟现实技术来模拟环境,例如驾驶仿真器、乘坐舒适度仿真器、铁路车站仿真器等。另一类仿真器则采用计算机仿真技术来评价列车司机工作时承受的精神负担、列车碰撞引起的旅客运动方式及损伤等。     

劲性混凝土柱施工技术难点及质量控制

结合工程实例,对劲性型钢混凝土柱在施工过程中存在的技术难点和采取的相应技术措施,以及施工中的质量控制进行了阐述,可为类似工程提供借鉴.     

城市轨道交通三维城市景观快速建模方法研究

城市景观是轨道交通三维地理环境的重要组成部分。基于Google Earth软件批量获取城市空间坐标数据和数字正射影像图,实现城市三维地形重建。利用CityPlan建模软件快速建立多种样式建筑物模型,通过数据库实现对建筑物模型空间信息的有效管理。采用skyline软件的二次开发技术,将城市三维地形和各种建筑物三维模型统一集成,实现了用于城市轨道交通线路设计的三维城市景观的快速建立。     

自复位桥墩的内禀侧移刚度和滞回机理研究

自复位桥墩由承重组件、自复位组件、耗能组件以及接头(如嵌合式接头)构成,具有良好的震后修复性和震后残余变形小的特点。对其承载力、侧移刚度以及滞回性能等力学特性进行理论分析,推导自复位桥墩的侧移刚度与承重组件墩身刚度、自复位组件刚度、耗能组件刚度、初始预拉力和桥墩几何尺寸的理论关系式;提出反映自复位桥墩内在固有属性的内禀侧移刚度概念及其计算式;自复位桥墩侧移刚度的上限为墩身刚度,下限为内禀侧移刚度。自复位桥墩的滞回曲线为扇片状,是耗能组件的耗能滞回性能与自复位组件的弹性复位性能叠加的结果。基于性能设计原则,并考虑合理控制震后残余变形,初步提出自复位桥墩的三步设计方法。     

海外铁路信号设计与传统的差异

我国铁路工程项目承包长期停留在设计、采购、施工平行建设承包模式上,而国际市场普遍采用＂设计—采购—施工总承包＂模式（简称EPC总承包）。对海外EPC铁路信号项目设计与传统的差异进行研究,对其理念和工作过程进行分析解释。     

Research on the Influence of Vertical Deformation of Bridge on the Track RegularityEI北大核心

Research purposes: The vertical deformation of high-speed railway (HSR) bridge will cause the track irregularity, which threatens the safe and efficient operation of the HSR. Taking the 32 m simple supported beam bridge as the research object, based on the existing mapping analytical model for bridge vertical deformation and rail geometry, the influence of the track regularity of the CRTS Ⅰ slab ballastless track structure caused by the key parameters such as the bridge vertical deformation amplitude, the hanging length of the beam end and the vertical stiffness of mortar layer were studied, and the corresponding measures to control the rail deformation were proposed, to provide theoretical reference for comprehensive treatment of rail deformation of HSR bridge. Research conclusions:(1) The pier settlement, the vertical rotation of the beam end and the beam fault will cause the rail to follow the beam deformation, and "up-warping" of the rail on the vertical deformation boundary will appear. (2) The rail deformation is directly proportional to the vertical deformation amplitude of the bridge and the key to control the rail deformation is to reduce the vertical deformation of the bridge. (3) The rail deformation can be controlled by reducing the hanging length of beam and vertical stiffness of mortar layer. (4) The research results can provide a theoretical reference for controlling the vertical rail deformation of high-speed railway bridges. © 2018, Editorial Department of Journal of Railway Engineering Society. All right reserved.