排序方式: 共有41条查询结果,搜索用时 78 毫秒
11.
This technical note examines the boarding and alighting times for elderly persons with respect to buses. The study was conducted with the assistance of Special Transport Service, a small-scale operation consisting of two buses. The main findings of the research are estimates for the boarding and alighting times for one ambulatory person: 2.328 minutes for boarding the bus and 1.002 minutes for alighting from the bus. 相似文献
12.
At the beginning of the nineties, Croatia witnessed the collapse of communism, arrival of democracy, a war of national survival and the launch of the transition. Extraordinarily under these circumstances, tourism has become one of the most propulsive economic activities in Croatia. To preserve this prosperous industry, one must consider the variables that affect Croatian tourism. Research shows that maritime passenger transport has a substantial influence upon seashore tourism improvement. This mode not only represents a sizable share of international tourism transport, but often provides the only access to island tourism destinations. This paper provides an analysis of the impact of the transitional changes of maritime passenger transport on Croatian tourism development. Following a brief examination of the functions of maritime transport within tourism, the paper focuses on: composition of Croatian fleets, potential opportunities in local and international markets, and structural reforms required to increase the quality of Croatian maritime passenger services. Commercialization programmes are significantly important as Croatia prepares to enter the EU, and open up its markets to free competition. 相似文献
13.
Caroline Lundquist Noblet Mario F. Teisl Jonathan Rubin 《Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment》2006,11(6):422-431
A statewide sample of Maine registered vehicle owners is used to examine factors that affect their assessments of eco-labeled conventionally fueled passenger vehicles. The study focuses on developing an empirical and theoretical framework with which to model vehicle choice decisions under eco-labeled conditions. Particular attention is paid to how eco-information may affect the two-stage vehicle purchase process. The study builds upon environmental economic and psychology literature in examining the role of personal characteristics such as perceived effectiveness of consumer purchase decisions and perceptions of the eco-labeled products as factors in the vehicle purchase decision. It was found that environmental attributes of an eco-labeled passenger vehicle are significant in the purchase decision. The eco-information is considered in the vehicle purchase decision, but is generally not considered at the class-level decision. 相似文献
14.
Annual electric bike (e-bike) sales in China grew from 40,000 in 1998 to 10 million in 2005. This rapid transition from human-powered
bicycles, buses and gasoline-powered scooters to an all-electric vehicle/fuel technology system is special in the evolution
of transportation technology and, thus far, unique to China. We examine how and why e-bikes developed so quickly in China
with particular focus on the key technical, economic, and political factors involved. This case study provides important insights
to policy makers in China and abroad on how timely regulatory policy can change the purchase choice of millions and create
a new mode of transportation. These lessons are especially important to China as it embarks on a large-scale transition to
personal vehicles, but also to other countries seeking more sustainable forms of transportation.
相似文献
Christopher CherryEmail: |
15.
The British bus industry is examined in light of fundamental reform in ownership and regulation. The industry is divided between privately and publicly owned companies, with the private sector further split between publicly listed owned subsidiaries and private limited companies. The change in ownership structure since privatization is analysed, and Data Envelopment Analysis used to estimate the extent of returns to scale and technical efficiency, as defined by one output and three inputs. Technical efficiency is further divided into managerial and organisational components, and comparisons made of median efficiency levels using a Mann Whitney statistical test.Increasing returns to scale are found for smaller companies, but the size of such returns varies with the company type. A minimum efficiency scale is identified, with constant returns above this point. A high degree of technical inefficiency is found to be present in the industry, which may initially suggest a lack of competition and reflect the oligopolistic structure that has emerged since privatisation. Privately owned companies are identified as more technically efficient, however this is due to significantly less organisational constraints, and considerable managerial inefficiency exists in this group. It is finally concluded that the high level of inefficiency may not reflect ownership, but rather industry characteristics, and rather than a lack of competition may be indicative of wasteful competition. It is suggested therefore there may be a need to make the market contestable rather than openly competitive. 相似文献
16.
At the beginning of the nineties, Croatia witnessed the collapse of communism, arrival of democracy, a war of national survival and the launch of the transition. Extraordinarily under these circumstances, tourism has become one of the most propulsive economic activities in Croatia. To preserve this prosperous industry, one must consider the variables that affect Croatian tourism. Research shows that maritime passenger transport has a substantial influence upon seashore tourism improvement. This mode not only represents a sizable share of international tourism transport, but often provides the only access to island tourism destinations. This paper provides an analysis of the impact of the transitional changes of maritime passenger transport on Croatian tourism development. Following a brief examination of the functions of maritime transport within tourism, the paper focuses on: composition of Croatian fleets, potential opportunities in local and international markets, and structural reforms required to increase the quality of Croatian maritime passenger services. Commercialization programmes are significantly important as Croatia prepares to enter the EU, and open up its markets to free competition. 相似文献
17.
On cost-efficiency of the global container shipping network 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Dongping Song Jie Zhang Jonathan Carter Tony Field James Marshall John Polak Kimberly Schumacher Proshun Sinha-Ray John Woods 《Maritime Policy and Management》2005,32(1):15-30
This paper presents a simple formulation in the form of a pipe network for modelling the global container-shipping network. The cost-efficiency and movement-patterns of the current container-shipping network have been investigated using heuristic methods. The model is able to reproduce the overall incomes, costs, and container movement patterns for the industry as well as for the individual shipping lines and ports. It was found that the cost of repositioning empties is 27% of the total world fleet running cost and that overcapacity continues to be a problem. The model is computationally efficient. Implemented in the Java language, it takes one minute to run a full-scale network on a Pentium IV computer. 相似文献
18.
Jonathan D. Phillips 《Coastal management》2013,41(4):439-449
Abstract A watershed‐based approach to water quality management is necessary for protecting coastal water quality, but the relative importance of inland pollution sources on estuaries is often overestimated. This can lead to a misallocation of coastal water protection resources and ignorance of coastal zone pollution sources. This overestimation of upstream contributions is attributable to a failure to recognize that many estuaries have little or no inland drainage area, the confusion of basinwide pollutant loading with pollutant delivery to estuaries, the low delivery ratios for many pollutants within drainage basins, and disproportionately high pollutant delivery for sources within the coastal zone. Examples are given from North Carolina. As a general rule, resources expended on pollution control within or near the coastal zone will result in more coastal water quality improvement per unit effort than resources expended upstream. 相似文献
19.
Rokicki Bartlomiej Haddad Eduardo A. Horridge Jonathan M. Stępniak Marcin 《Transportation》2021,48(2):747-772
Transportation - Since its EU accession, Poland has invested strongly in the development of fast road transport network. As a result, the total length of modern, high-speed roads has increased from... 相似文献
20.
Transportation - The mediation of work practices by information and communication technologies enables knowledge workers to telework from remote non-office locations such as their homes, or to work... 相似文献