Improving maritime inventory routing: application to a Brazilian petroleum case

The crude oil offloading and supply problem (COSP) is a type of operation maritime inventory routing (MIR) problem encountered by petroleum companies. In COSP, the company not only is responsible for the ship scheduling to carry the crude oil from production sites to discharge ports but also must maintain inventory levels at both ports (production and consumption) between safety operational bounds to avoid disruptions in its crude oil production and/or refining processes. We show how to improve significantly the decision-making process in a Brazilian petroleum company using a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model to represent COSP. Comparison tests with a current ship-scheduling method adopted in the company indicated that the use of the MILP model increased the transportation efficiency and reduced costs by 20% on average. In addition to the quantitative gains, the use of a MILP model to solve COSP has succeeded when encountering real-life events, such as variation in production or consumption rates, berth unavailability, and changes in the storage capacities at ports.     

适应300～350km/h动车组下线运行既有线C2改造方案研究

在高速铁路路网形成之前,利用既有线、提速线路构成动车组的运行网,实现高速铁路与既有线之间的互联互通,是目前迫切的运输需求。以改造工程量最少为前提,从既有线CTCS-2级适应300～350km/h动车运行必备的条件和既有线CTCS-2级临时限速设置原则进行升级改造的必要性2个方面进行分析,得出既有线CTCS-2级列控系统改造方案。该方案已在陇海线西宝段列控系统改造工程中得以验证。     

货车转向架下部限界及压吨检测机的研制

对铁路货车转向架下部限界及压吨检测机的设计原理和应用状况进行了简要的介绍,该设备的研制成功提高了转K2型转向架的生产质量和效率,同时,该设备也能用于K5、K6等型转向架的检测。     

钩耳孔双面加工专用机床的研制

介绍了钩耳孔双面专用加工机床的结构原理和应用状况。     

机车轮心探伤方法的研究及确定

通过对磁粉、渗透、微磁3种探伤方法优缺点的比较分析,确定了机车轮心各级修程的最佳探伤方法     

机务无损探伤质量管理信息系统的设计及应用

对设计开发探伤管理信息系统的必要性进行论述后,介绍了该系统的设计思想、设计原则、技术方案、设计特点、系统模块、功能及应用后取得的效果。     

Rapid first-stage tests of on-ship infection

Protection against on-ship infectious disease—whether due to mishap or to harmful purpose—faces special situational problems. Sometimes, when infection levels on board have reached threshold levels, emergency actions are required. Often, the most thorough strategies for responding to threat are not feasible. A rapid first-stage test (RFT) is a fast, minimally invasive procedure used to rule out from possible infection a large percentage of an infection-threatened group. Prevention and control of on-ship infection need to combine various interconnected tactics. When timely criterion tests are not possible, the medical team must adopt fast alternative measures. The methods used to summarize protection against on-ship infectious agents included a scientific literature review and a web search. The fields of the review were maritime, health, and technology sources. Special attention was paid to material dealing with risks and threats of on-ship penetration by infectious agents, on-ship infection prevalence thresholds, and rapid diagnostic screens. The Bayes rule and the law of large numbers were applied to the analysis, for large on-ship populations, of RFT indications of crossing of an infection prevalence threshold. The increasing risk of serious on-ship infection—either accidental or purposeful—calls for a multi-layered protection approach. RFTs are a key part of the outer layer of such a defense. Well-designed and well-administered RFTs provide several advantages for defense against on-ship infection: low-cost, non-invasive, fast, and focuses on a drastically smaller number of infection possibilities.     

落寞者的梦想宣言——第41届东京车展侧记

东京车展,作为公认的世界五大车展之一,令全世界车迷心往神驰。2009年在全球金融危机的背景下,第41届东京车展在世人期待中拉开帷幕,但最终却落寞收场,缩水的规模和档次难现往昔的盛况。虽然盛况不再,但是本田、雅马哈等日本本土摩托车品牌仍力挺车展,在落寞中演绎着别样的风景……     

FLAC^3D在路基边坡稳定性分析中的应用

为评价边坡稳定性,研究边坡失稳的机理和破坏特征,找出边坡失稳的主导因素以及制定经济有效的处理措施,以子洲至靖边高速公路K130＋460～＋760路堑六级台阶以上的边坡工程为实例,进行FLAC如数值模拟分析。     

基于LMI的主动悬架的滚动时域H_∞输出反馈控制

以2自由度1/4车辆的悬架动力学模型为研究对象,提出滚动时域H∞输出反馈控制策略.利用在线最小化H∞性能指标,设计控制器,协调相互冲突的诸性能要求.仿真结果表明,系统在保证满足约束的前提下可以尽可能地降低干扰对输出的影响,获得优化的动态性能指标.