交通运输支撑新型城镇化发展战略研究

交通运输在推进城镇化发展中发挥着基础性和引导性作用。国家新型城镇化规划对交通运输发展提出了新的更高要求,本文从加强规划引领、突出工作重点和强化改革创新三方面提出了交通运输支撑新型城镇化发展的战略任务。     

Value of travel time reliability: A review of current evidence

Travel time reliability is a fundamental factor in travel behavior. It represents the temporal uncertainty experienced by travelers in their movement between any two nodes in a network. The importance of the time reliability depends on the penalties incurred by the travelers. In road networks, travelers consider the existence of a trip travel time uncertainty in different choice situations (departure time, route, mode, and others). In this paper, a systematic review of the current state of research in travel time reliability, and more explicitly in the value of travel time reliability is presented. Moreover, a meta-analysis is performed in order to determine the reasons behind the discrepancy among the reliability estimates.     

下穿公路隧道大管棚施工地表沉降研究

在采用管棚支护的隧道施工中地表沉降主要由管棚施工地表沉降和隧道开挖地表沉降组成。文章结合厦门高崎下穿公路隧道的工程实际,运用现场量测和理论分析的手段,对大管棚施工引起的地表沉降规律进行了研究;现场监测数据也证明,通过公式计算能有效地预测大管棚施工引起的地表沉降,其计算分析结果具有一定的实用价值。     

柳南高速公路改扩建工程设计方案探讨

文章结合柳州至南宁高速公路改扩建工程项目情况,分析了该改扩建项目的技术难点和重点,阐述了改扩建工程设计的总体思路,并提出了相应的改扩建工程设计方案。     

辽宁航运服务现状分析及能力提升策略研究

近年来,国家高度注重航运企业服务能力建设,航运服务业开放性发展程度进一步提升.辽宁航运服务业以基础航运服务为主,高端航运服务能力不足.文章分析了辽宁航运服务现状,针对服务能级较低、航运高端人才匮乏、航运服务评价体系不完善等方面提出建议、对策,以提升辽宁国际航运服务能力.     

Rapid first-stage tests of on-ship infection

Protection against on-ship infectious disease—whether due to mishap or to harmful purpose—faces special situational problems. Sometimes, when infection levels on board have reached threshold levels, emergency actions are required. Often, the most thorough strategies for responding to threat are not feasible. A rapid first-stage test (RFT) is a fast, minimally invasive procedure used to rule out from possible infection a large percentage of an infection-threatened group. Prevention and control of on-ship infection need to combine various interconnected tactics. When timely criterion tests are not possible, the medical team must adopt fast alternative measures. The methods used to summarize protection against on-ship infectious agents included a scientific literature review and a web search. The fields of the review were maritime, health, and technology sources. Special attention was paid to material dealing with risks and threats of on-ship penetration by infectious agents, on-ship infection prevalence thresholds, and rapid diagnostic screens. The Bayes rule and the law of large numbers were applied to the analysis, for large on-ship populations, of RFT indications of crossing of an infection prevalence threshold. The increasing risk of serious on-ship infection—either accidental or purposeful—calls for a multi-layered protection approach. RFTs are a key part of the outer layer of such a defense. Well-designed and well-administered RFTs provide several advantages for defense against on-ship infection: low-cost, non-invasive, fast, and focuses on a drastically smaller number of infection possibilities.     

基于S变换的柴油机燃烧差异的诊断研究

分析了传统的基于平稳过程的傅里叶变换存在的局限性,采用了S变换时频分析法对振动信号进行分析。对比不同燃烧状况时的缸内压力曲线、压升率曲线及振动信号S变换的结果,表明振动信号S变换得到的时频图像同缸内燃烧过程有密切的关系。为了便于对各缸的燃烧状况进行定量分析,提出了利用时频域内各点的幅值和表征各缸燃烧差异的新方法。在4缸柴油机上进行模拟试验对该方法进行验证,结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

低输量运行管道的不稳定性分析

针对热油管道的低输量问题,着重从管道的水力特性和热力特性2个方面进行分析,评述了温度和管道摩阻损失随距离和输量变化的情况,总结出管道低输量运行会带来凝管事故、翻越点增多、发生管道超压现象和费用增加等问题,并提出了降低低输量管道不稳定性的方法及具体措施,为保证管道的安全运行提供了参考.     

采用实测弯沉指导路面结构的设计

根据对太仓市沪-浮-璜公路路基路面整层材料的大量实测弯沉的统计与分析,推算出路床顶当量回弹模量及整层材料回弹模量,从而指导设计并鉴定设计弯沉是否合理,通过对实测弯沉的分析使设计弯沉更加合理。     

Analysing Demand for Suburban Trips: A Mixed RP/SP Model with Latent Variables and Interaction Effects

We analyse mode choice behaviour for suburban trips in the Grand Canary island using mixed revealed preference (RP)/stated preference (SP) information. The SP choice experiment allowed for interactions among the main policy variables: travel cost, travel time and frequency, and also to test the influence of latent variables such as comfort. It also led to discuss additional requirements on the size and sign of the estimated model parameters, to assess model quality when interactions are present. The RP survey produced data on actual trip behaviour and was used to adapt the SP choice experiment. During the specification searches we detected the presence of income effect and were able to derive willingness-to-pay measures, such as the subjective value of time, which varied among individuals. We also studied the systematic heterogeneity in individual tastes through the specification of models allowing for interactions between level-of-service and socio-economic variables. We concluded examining the sensitivity of travellers’ behaviour to various policy scenarios. In particular, it seems that contrary to political opinion, in a crowded island policies penalising the use of the private car seem to have a far greater impact in terms of bus patronage than policies implying direct improvements to the public transport service.