加强高职生就业指导工作的几点思考

就业是高职院校的生命线,就业率直接关系到高职院校的生存和发展。因此必须加强高职生就业指导工作, 提高高职生就业指导工作水平。为此,应实现高职生就业指导工作的全程化、专业化、全员化。     

新型减隔震支座的研究

普通桥梁减隔震支座可能发生翻滚失稳,并且存在肥大等弊端.针对这些问题,提出一种新型减隔震支座,它是由聚四氟乙烯滑板、肘块、支柱和高弹性阻尼橡胶体通过连杆连接而成.通过理论推导和分析,得出了新型减隔震支座的等价刚度和等价阻尼比的计算式和系统周期图示.应用大型专业分析软件ANSYS,对实际桥梁进行建模分析,结果表明,新型减震支座的应用,可以使桥梁的减隔震效果达到50%以上.     

现代汽车安全舒适便捷系统综述

安全、舒适和便捷的电控系统广泛地应用在汽车技术中,不同的汽车厂对此方面的配置也各有不同。本文以雅阁为例,对现有的汽车安全、舒适和便捷系统作了归纳,并对未来的发展给予展望。     

采用实测弯沉指导路面结构的设计

根据对太仓市沪-浮-璜公路路基路面整层材料的大量实测弯沉的统计与分析,推算出路床顶当量回弹模量及整层材料回弹模量,从而指导设计并鉴定设计弯沉是否合理,通过对实测弯沉的分析使设计弯沉更加合理。     

某航道桥下部结构受船舶撞击后安全性能评估及修复

为评估航道桥下部结构的船撞安全性,以遭受船撞的某内河航道桥为研究对象,采用有限元方法和相关规范计算受撞击的5号桥墩自身水平抗力、船撞力、墩顶位移,并从墩顶位移和桥墩抗力两方面对受撞桥墩的安全性进行评估。结果表明:5号桥墩的横桥向和顺桥向抗力均由桩基强度控制,分别为2528 kN和1142 kN;事故船撞击工况下,墩顶最大横桥向和顺桥向位移分别为7.6 mm、13.4 mm,满足位移限值要求;沿横桥向和顺桥向的船撞安全系数分别为1.67和0.94,顺桥向的自身抗力不足以抵抗瞬时船撞力,导致桥墩桩基础受损,建议采用增大截面法对受损桩基础进行加固补强,并设置独立防撞墩以保障桥梁结构安全。基于分析过程,总结了桥梁下部结构船撞安全评估的一般流程。     

桥面防水粘结材料性能研究

通过对防水粘结材料FYT、高剂量SBS改性沥青、环氧沥青3种材料的室内模拟试验研究,对比了防水粘结材料的剪切强度、拉拔强度和老化性能。本文推荐采用高剂量SBS改性沥青作为高速公路水泥混凝土桥面沥青铺装防水粘结材料。     

我国地铁标志视觉认知及其文化体验研究

为了洞察地铁标志的视觉设计规律以及受众的视觉感受,将我国目前已经开通或正在进行地铁建设的48个城市的地铁标志作为研究样本,分析了标志视觉的构成形式;并通过眼动仪展开视觉体验测试研究,结合标志与城市对应关系的用户记忆访谈,剖析了标志色调和图案形式同视觉认知的关联.围绕城市地铁标志的文化体验提升,提出创新性视觉转化的方式,赋予地铁标志更深层次的文化内涵,结合地铁传媒增强对城市文化的传播影响力.     

预售环境下考虑消费者时间偏好的定价与订货策略

在市场规模不确定的条件下,以最大化销售商利润为目标,综合考虑消费者时间偏好及策略型行为,构建无预售、仅预售和两阶段预售策略的定价和订货模型,得出相应的最优预售价格和订货量。此外,对无预售与2种预售策略展开对比研究,探讨预售策略实施的条件,通过数值算例分析系统参数对预售最优决策及利润的影响。研究结果表明:两阶段预售策略下最优预售价格低于现售价格,给现售阶段的最优订货量不超过无预售策略;两阶段预售策略总是优于无预售策略;当且仅当预售时长小于某一临界值时,仅预售策略才会优于无预售策略;两种预售策略的优劣取决于销售商能否有效地根据产品现售价格和采购成本设置合理的预售时长。     

On the effect of operational service attributes on transit satisfaction

Public transport (PT) providers aim to offer services that meet users’ satisfaction, and for this, they can control some operational service attributes such as frequency, speed, crowdedness and reliability. Understanding how these objective attributes affect user satisfaction is essential to improve it cost-effectively, but these associations have not been examined enough in the PT literature. This study aims to unveil how key transit operational variables actually experienced by users affect their satisfaction. We analysed data derived from a multiannual consumer satisfaction survey for the Santiago de Chile Metro system; between January 2013 and June 2016 (n?=?41,993), where approximately 1000 questionnaires were completed each month. We also gained access to a set of operational variables managed by Metro for the same period, including more than 1.4 million records. With this unique dataset, we first developed a structural equation model (SEM) with users’ perceived attributes, finding that safety, ease of boarding, response to critical incidents (CI), the number and type of CI endured, and information, were the variables that mostly affected satisfaction. We also examined heterogeneity in transit satisfaction with SEM-MIMIC models, by characterising the user population through their trip and socioeconomic characteristics, finding a striking result: that as users age they are more satisfied with the system. Next, we assessed whether including operational service attributes, such as crowding levels, frequency, commercial speed and CI, added predictive power to the proposed model. We found that the number of CI, speed, frequency and crowdedness, plus their variability (measured through the coefficient of variation), affected transit satisfaction at significant levels. Including these objective service attributes provided more explanatory power to the SEM-MIMIC transit satisfaction models. Policy recommendations for improving satisfaction, derived from our results, are: to implement an automatic control system for the number of passengers on Metro platforms (as safety and ease of boarding are critical issues for passengers); and to deploy a comprehensive tactical plan to address CI: determine which happen more often, take actions to minimise them and provide better responsive actions.

     

大口径高钢级薄壁油气管道封堵系统的改造与应用

随着高钢级管道应用日益广泛,同等压力的壁厚也变得越来越薄,管道内径增大,原有的管道封堵系统无法实现封堵密封。为了解决该问题,采用结构优化分析和现场应用验证等方法,对原有封堵头和三通等进行适应性改造、试验和工程应用。结果表明:封堵系统的改造能够重复利用原有封堵三通和封堵头,满足薄壁油气管道的开孔封堵作业和工程应用并且降低了工程成本。