汽车类环境标志产品的政府采购环境效益分析

实施政府绿色采购,引导和推动消费和生产向更可持续的方向发展是解决环境问题,实现经济社会全面可持续发展的必然要求。进行绿色采购成本效益分析是政府绿色采购政策可持续推进发展的有力保障。本文在介绍了中国环境标产品政府采购的现状和欧盟相关政府绿色采购环境效益研究的基础上,针对汽车产品展开了相应的环境效益分析,最后对广泛开展此项工作提出了发展建议。     

2型糖尿病并发周围血管病变的临床流行病学分析

目的通过对比分析2型糖尿病并发周围血管病变(DPVD)及未发生周围血管病变(非DPVD)病例的临床流行病学资料,明确2型糖尿患者伴发DPVD的相关危险因素,为其早期诊治和预防提供依据。方法收集157例40～70岁临床已诊断2型糖尿病患者的临床流行病学资料,依据周围血管病的诊断标准将其分为DPVD组和非DPVD组;以生化分析仪测定两组患者的血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和超敏C反应蛋白(hsCRP);用多因素Logistic回归分析相关危险因素。结果与未发生周围血管病变病例相比,DPVD组患者病程较长,且高血压、周围神经病变及糖尿病眼病的并发率较高,生化分析显示DPVD组患者血清中hsCRP、TC/HDL-C水平升高,而HDL-C降低;经多因素Logistic回归分析发现,病程、hsCRP、HDL-C、TC/HDL-C为DPVD的独立危险因素。结论病程、血压增高、周围神经病、眼病、HDL-C减低及hsCRP增高与2型糖尿病患者并发周围血管病变相关,并且病程、HDL-C、hsCRP、TC/HDL-C是周围血管病变的独立危险因素。     

项目教学法在高职机电专业英语教学中的应用

本文就我院机电专业英语课程项目化改造的教学环节及效果进行了概述,在项目化设计方案的确定,项目化方案的实施,建构教师主导、学生主体的互动教学模式,以及考核方式改革的问题上进行了较深入的探讨。     

AASHTO柔性路面设计法在厂矿道路结构设计中的应用

为满足国际工程项目要求,提出采用美国AASHTO方法用于厂矿沥青道路设计的思路,概述AASHTO沥青路面结构的设计方法、具体参数,以及该方法在厂矿沥青路面设计应用中的2种不同方式,并结合厂区工程实例对选定的道路材料及结构进行详细验算,为应用该方法提供完整的参考。     

Part 1. National road safety performance: Data,the emergence of two single-outcome modeling streams and public health

This first part of the state-of-the art focuses on the origins of road safety modeling, covering data, early models and the public health context of model formulation and use.     

Part 3. Multivariate road safety models: Future research orientations and current use to forecast performance

The third part of the state-of-the-art focuses on the future of road safety modeling and on conjectures concerning the evolution of national safety indicators. In the absence of econometric developments specific to road safety modeling, the research future must rely on pre-existing statistical procedures of econometrics applied to discrete/count and to aggregate data. In terms of contents, growing interest in the heterogeneity of road accident outcomes by category of victims could lead to treatments of this issue across research streams, say by top-down and bottom-up developments, but this speculation does not rest on extant adequate formulations of the issue of road user class and victim analysis. But understanding the time profile of aggregate national performance indicators is quite another matter.     

Valuing casualty risk reductions from estimated baseline risk

Stated choice studies have been applied regularly to the valuation of time savings and other attributes of travelling as perceived by individuals. In such experiments, respondents often provide reference levels for the attributes and the hypothetical choices presented to them are pivoted around actual behaviour. However, most individuals are not able to provide reference levels for the number of casualties on the road they travel. Thus, if valuation of this important element is attempted, it is the researcher who must provide casualty risk reference levels to the respondents. Some studies have applied route choice experiments including a safety attribute but the majority has been limited to only one particular road section with a common baseline risk for all respondents.     

Manoeuvring and hotelling external costs: enough for alternative energy sources?

Local air pollution is the most relevant externality of maritime transport, and its effects are more acute in urban areas as a result of manoeuvring, hotelling and load/unload activities at ports. This article is intended to assess ships’ local air pollution impact in generally densely populated harbour areas to decide whether alternative power supply measures are feasible. First, an optimized infrastructure investment model is developed to ease implementation and maximize the efficiency of alternative power supply projects. Once target harbours and traffic (ship types) within a national port network have been chosen, a vessel traffic analysis (ship type, tonnage, manoeuvring, and hotelling times) is carried out to quantify and evaluate annual polluting emissions (PM_2,5, SO₂, NOx, and VOCs) and their externalities. Finally, the assessment model is applied and results of the Spanish port network case study are discussed. The results obtained are significant and bring the possibility of further controlling the ship’s environmental performance at berth.     

A DEA study of the efficiency of 122 iron ore and coal ports and of 15/17 countries in 2005

This paper, using data envelopment analysis, assesses the efficiency of 122 iron ore and coal ports in 2005. Estimates for 54 loading and 68 unloading ports show that the main source of inefficiency in bulk terminals is related to the scale. Results aggregated at a country level demonstrate that the national efficiency can be achieved either through a limited number of large ports or by combining smaller ports with complementary characteristics—national network effect.     

天津港北港池杂货码头工程中PHC桩的应用

天津港北港池杂货码头在天津港地区深水高桩码头建设中首次大面积采用PHC桩,根据本工程PHC桩的静荷载试验和打桩试验数据,通过与天津港钢管桩码头实际使用情况的对比,在总结设计施工经验的基础上,逐一研究解决空心桩内水的冻涨、PHC桩的抗冻能力和打桩控制标准等系列问题,可供我国北方港口其他采用PHC桩基的码头工程参考与借鉴。