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71.
John D. Nelson 《先进运输杂志》1995,29(1):13-25
This paper is concerned with the effect of linking innovative bus-control systems with real-time passenger information, with the overall aim of improving conditions for bus operation and passengers in central urban corridors. The first section presents a concise review of bus passenger information systems (particularly their application at bus stops). Then the concept of real-time passenger information is explored. The case for and against real-time information is argued and two British case-studies follow. In the second section it is argued that the provision of real-time information, as part of an integrated bus-control/information system, offers new possibilities for meeting the identified needs of public transport users. Finally, in the third section, some comments are made on the evaluation of different combinations of bus-control and passenger information tested using a simulation method and a series of subjective response surveys. General relationships governing the degree of bus-control required and the extent of information needed are of special interest. 相似文献
72.
The aim of this paper is to investigate the behaviour of water transportation company stock returns in the U.S. stock exchanges from 1985 to 1994 in order to determine whether the systematic risk of this industry is different from that of the 'average' company in the market, whether it has changed over the ten year period, over bull and bear market conditions, and whether there is a firm 'size' effect in the industry. In the context of the Capital Asset Pricing Model (Capm), we find that the systematic risk of the shipping industry return is not different from that of the 'average' company. It is also found that the covariance of water transportation companies with respect to the overall stock market return did not change over the ten year period although it appears that it has changed over normal upward/downward market movements. There is also reasonable evidence that the intercept of the equation might have changed over normal upward/downward market movements. Finally, we document contradictory evidence regarding the size effect; during the period 1985-1989 we find small companies to have significantly higher returns and risk while during the period 1990-1994 medium size companies tend to have higher risk than small and large firms, which is not however compensated by higher returns. 相似文献
73.
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75.
建立铁路行车设备安全隐患指数体系的构想 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在对我国现有的铁路行车设备安全统计评估方法分析的基础上,针对正在建设的全路行车安全综合监测系统,提出建立铁路行车设备安全隐患指数体系的设想,并就指数体系的编制方法进行了研究。 相似文献
76.
To identify the potential relationship between Pheaocystis globosa bloom conditions and seawater properties, a hydrobiological survey was performed in the inshore waters of the Eastern English Channel over the course of the phytoplankton spring bloom. Chlorophyll concentration, auto- and hetero/mixotrophic composition of protists and standing stock, and seawater viscosity were measured weekly from March to June 2004. The decline of the bloom is characterized by a massive foam formation in the turbulent surf zone. Before foam formation, seawater viscosity significantly increased, showing a significant positive correlation with chlorophyll concentration. In contrast, after foam formation this correlation was negative, seawater viscosity kept increasing despite a sharp decrease in chlorophyll concentrations. No significant correlation has been found between seawater viscosity and the composition of the phytoplankton assemblages observed during the survey. However, significant positive correlations have been found between seawater viscosity and both the size and the abundance of P. globosa colonies. From the correlation patterns observed between chlorophyll concentration and seawater viscosity, we suggest that the rheological properties of seawater are mainly driven by extracellular materials associated with colony formation and maintenance rather than by cell composition and standing stock. 相似文献
77.
航测方法测绘横断面图的要点 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用航测方法测绘横断面是勘察设计正努力探索的新途径。结合工程实例,探讨航测横断面生成的质量控制要点,主要有:摄影比例尺的选择,空三加密,确保线路中线资料正确,横断面采集注意事项等。 相似文献
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79.
Andrew J. Pick David J. Cole 《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2007,45(9):781-805
The article reports an experimental study of driver steering control behaviour in a lane-change manoeuvre. Eight test subjects were instrumented with electromyography to measure muscle activation and co-contraction. Each subject completed 30 lane-change manoeuvres with one vehicle on a fixed-base driving simulator. For each driver, the steering torque feedback characteristic was changed after every ten manoeuvres; the response of the vehicle to steering angle inputs was not changed. Drivers' control strategies were found to be robust to changes in steering torque feedback. Path-following errors, muscle activity and muscle co-contraction all reduce with the number of lane-changes performed by the driver, suggesting the existence of a learning process. Comparing the test subjects, there was some evidence that high levels of co-contraction were used to allow high-frequency steering inputs to be generated. The results contribute to the understanding of vehicle-driver (and more generally, human-machine) dynamic interaction. 相似文献
80.
设计开发了一种以高性能微处理器89C51为核心,PWM控制器SA4828为主体的数字可调逆变电源。SA4828是Mitel公司生产的三相PWM波形产生器,它可提供高质量,全数字的三相脉宽调制波形,而且编程简单方便,修改灵活,文中介绍SA4828的原理及其应用在逆变器中的软、硬件设计方法。该电源采用全数字控制,结构简单、控制灵活,为变频器产品的开发提出了一种全新的设计方法。 相似文献