粘流方法的螺旋桨尾流场数值分析(英文)

The computational fluid dynamics(CFD) method is used to numerically simulate a propeller wake flow field in open water.A sub-domain hybrid mesh method was adopted in this paper.The computation domain was separated into two sub-domains,in which tetrahedral elements were used in the inner domain to match the complicated geometry of the propeller,while hexahedral elements were used in the outer domain.The mesh was locally refined on the propeller surface and near the wake flow field,and a size function was used to control the growth rate of the grid.Sections at different axial location were used to study the spatial evolution of the propeller wake in the region ranging from the disc to one propeller diameter(D) downstream.The numerical results show that the axial velocity fluctuates along the wake flow;radial velocity,which is closely related to vortices,attenuates strongly.The trailing vortices interact with the tip vortex at the blades’ trailing edge and then separate.The strength of the vortex shrinks rapidly,and the radius decreases 20% at one diameter downstream.     

Forme urbaine et mobilité domicile-travail dans 13 aires urbaines françaises : une analyse multiéchelle

This article provides a multi-scale analysis of the links between commuting patterns and urban form by using both morphological and more classical indicators of urban form (like density). Thirteen French urban areas of more than 500,000 inhabitants (excluding Paris) are compared. The findings highlight the complexity of the links between urban form and commuting patterns because the same indicators of urban form do not have the same influence according to the spatial scale. Even if the influence of the morphological indicators is lower than that of more classical socioeconomic variables (income level, motorization rate), our study discusses the various and multi-scale consequences of urban development on daily travel behaviour.     

轮胎磨损对车内振动和噪声影响的分析研究

在分析了车内振动和噪声传递路径的基础上,在消声室内由底盘测功机拖动分别安装了未磨损轮胎、中度磨损轮胎和完全磨损轮胎的整车,测试了60km/h与120km/h匀速行驶和车速从140km/h降至20km/h的滑行等3种工况下顶棚中心点振动信号和驾驶员头部噪声信号.测试结果揭示了在不同工况下不同轮胎磨损程度对车内振动和噪声的影响规律.     

使用手机对低龄驾驶人可靠度影响的模拟驾驶实验分析

以驾驶模拟器为实验平台,分析使用手机对驾驶可靠度的影响.通过40名驾驶人参与模拟驾驶实验,统计比较不同通话方式下完成的不同驾驶任务,建立使用手机条件下的驾驶人可靠度模型.研究发现:频繁的多次通话后的可靠度将比长时通话的可靠度更低,频繁通话具有较高危险性;可靠度的极限值出现在驾驶人多重失误的情况下,使用手机同时完成双重任务的干扰性远比单一任务大.     

信号协调控制下城市干道运行效率评价研究

以信号协调控制的城市干道为研究对象,从平均行程延误、排队长度、停车率、行程车速及饱和度方面建立干道运行效率评价指标,将信息论中熵值理论引入干道运行效率评价中,确定各评价指标的权重。基于未确知测度理论,建立城市干道运行效率等级评价和排序模型。以某具体干道作为实例分析,结果表明：基于熵权的未确知测度综合评价用于干道信号协调控制运行效率评价是切实可行的。     

高职院校汽车检测与维修技术专业建设标准思考

专业建设标准是专业教学和专业建设的重要指导性依据,对于专业人才培养质量和服务区域经济发展具有重要的意义。文章调研分析了汽车检测与维修技术专业定位和人才培养方案,对课程体系和教学学时安排建设、师资队伍建设、实践教学建设、校企合作和国际交流建设等情况进行了分析。提出了汽车检测与维修技术专业建设标准的建议。可为省内其它院校汽车检测与维修技术专业建设提供参考。     

Mixed Harmonic Runnable Scheduling for Automotive Software on Multi-Core Processors

The performance of automotive electronic control units (ECUs) has improved following the development of multi-core processors. These processors facilitate fast computing performance without increasing clock speed. System developers partition automotive application runnables to have parallelizability and avoid interference between various software modules. To improve the performance of such systems, an efficient scheduler is necessary. In this regard, for multi-core ECUs, the automotive open system architecture (AUTOSAR) suggests partitioned static priority scheduling for parallelized software. In the AUTOSAR approach, clustering and partitioning of runnables for specific cores becomes difficult, but there is no exact criterion followed for partitioning the runnables. Consequently, cores are not balanced against loads, and under contingency conditions, there is a chance that tasks will miss deadlines. In this study, we address this problem by exploring a mixed harmonic runnable scheduling algorithm that includes partitioned scheduling. We tested this algorithm using high load conditions under contingency consequences, and we evaluated it using models of periodic runnables, periodic interrupts, and event-triggered interrupts. The performance parameters considered in this paper are balancing performance and the deadline missing rate. Our results indicate that the proposed algorithm can contribute toward improving the functional safety of vehicles.     

Simulation of wind-driven circulation in the Gulf of Elat (Aqaba)

The Princeton Ocean Model (POM) has been used to investigate the wind-driven circulation in the stratified long and narrow Gulf of Elat (Aqaba). Our results indicate that the circulation consists of a series of gyres aligned along the main axis of the basin, and that their size and location are strongly affected by the shoreline and, to a lesser extent, by the hydrography. The seasonality in both the flow and the free surface height (FSH) at any specific station are caused mainly by the strong seasonality in the hydrography — the FSH and the magnitude of the currents above the thermocline are inversely related to the thickness of the upper layer. The seasonality in the flow is also manifested in the location and diameter of the gyres. This seasonal change in the gyres' diameter and location might provide an explanation for the current reversal observed at the northern tip of the western boundary during the month of February.     

Recent technical and management improvements in US inland waterway transportation

Over the last several years, the US inland waterway transportation industry has significantly reduced its fuel consumption and improved its efficiency, with the side effect of less fuel tax collected per ton of cargo carried, despite the increase in cargo traffic. Fuel tax revenues are used for rehabilitation and construction projects in the inland waterway system, hence the US Army Corps of Engineers, providing us with relevant data over the interval in question, asked us to investigate this surprising reduction, and determine the main technical and fleet management improvements that caused it. Our research involved both visits with most major US inland waterway fleets, interviews with their engineers and managers, as well as statistical analysis of the above data. Technical improvements (such as engine plant efficiency increases), lighter, stronger building materials (such as light steel), and improved designs for better hydrodynamics, were not as important compared to management improvements (such as the use of computer-aided monitoring systems and advanced telecommunications, optimized tow configuration and speed, and increased triangular trips as opposed to simple round trips with returns empty). In addition, the demand for less expensive, imported steel for the US has resulted in an increased percentage of fully loaded return trips from New Orleans to the US Midwest, and hence also in increased fleet utilization.     

Factors underlying the connections between active transportation and public transit at commuter rail in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area

Transportation - Encouraging the integration of active transportation with transit is increasingly being pursued as a strategy by transit agencies to boost alternative means to access transit...