时温等效原理在车辙预估中的应用

针对某高速公路工程,预估沥青路面5 a车辙深度。建立有限元模型模拟沥青路面温度场,按方形均布的垂直荷载,分析计算荷载作用时间,借助时温等效原理将较低温度下的作用时间转化成高温下的作用时间,建立恒温作用下的沥青路面车辙计算方法,得到沥青路面典型结构5 a车辙深度。通过与实际工程5 a车辙深度的对比,基于时温等效的车辙预估计算结果与实际相符。恒温作用下的沥青路面车辙计算方法提高了车辙预估的计算效率,并通过低温季节与高温季节转化时间的对比,得到车辙主要发生的月份,为道路维护提供依据。     

整体式斜交连续梁桥抗震性能

采用SAP2000软件建立了某整体式斜交连续梁桥的三维有限元模型,通过非线性时程分析,研究了整体式斜交连续梁桥在地震作用下的受力特性及抗震性能,并探究了跨数、斜交角、台后土密实度和墩高等主要结构及基础参数对该类桥梁地震响应的影响。研究结果表明:整体式斜交连续梁桥中震害变形主要集中于桥台桩,桩顶截面在峰值加速度为0.4g的地震作用下形成塑性铰时,墩顶支座无破坏,且桥墩几乎无损伤;桥台桩位移及纵桥向弯矩的最大值均位于桩顶,而横桥向弯矩最大值可能位于桩顶或桩身反向弯矩峰值处;随着跨数的增加,整体式斜交连续梁桥的地震响应尤其是墩顶支座剪切应变及桥面转角明显增大,当跨数由单跨增加到4跨时,地震响应均增加了1倍以上,墩顶支座剪切应变甚至增加近2倍;随着斜交角的增加,桩顶纵桥向位移、桩顶截面屈服面函数值及中跨转角明显增大,斜交角为60°时,桩顶纵桥向位移增加了3倍以上,斜交角为45°时,墩顶支座剪切应变最大;随着台后土密实度的增加,各构件纵桥向位移响应与墩顶支座的纵向剪切变形降低,桥台桩、桥墩纵桥向位移及墩顶支座纵向剪切变形分别减小了12.9%、9.3%和9.5%;随着墩高的增加,墩顶位移明显增加,而支座剪切应变明显降低,但桩顶位移及桩顶截面屈服面函数值几乎不变;当墩高从4 m增大到9 m时,墩顶漂移率增大了42.1%,墩顶支座剪切应变减小了57.5%。      

尾涡/固体边界交互作用下表面压力的数值模拟

当强劲的尾涡撞击到结构时,其表面压力将呈现大幅的变化.这种大幅变化的脉动压力是引起结构震动以及水动力噪声的主要原因之一.许多相关的工程领域都希望使用相对经济的方法对此压力脉动进行有效地预报.本文介绍一种已经嵌入一面元法程序(PROPELLA)的尾涡砰击模型,及其在一吊舱桨尾涡撞击支柱诱导表面压力模拟中的应用.由模拟的时均表面压力分布和相均压力的时序变化与对应的实验数据的比较来看,数值模拟与试验结果吻合较好.     

八三式铁路轻型军用桥墩节间高度的探讨

对于格构式墩体结构,节间高度的设计,直接关系到联结系的布置及结构整体优化的实现。运用大型结构分析软件ANSYS,针对立柱单元及某一特定截面形式和高度的整体结构,从稳定性出发,即稳定极限承载力分析,对八三墩节间高度进行探讨。     

Changes in the shelf macrobenthic community over large temporal and spatial scales in the Bohai Sea, China

Over the past 20 years, the Bohai Sea has been subjected to a considerable human impact through over-fishing and pollution. Together with the influence of the Yellow River cut-off, the ecosystem experienced a dramatic change. In order to integrate available information to detect any change in macrobenthic community structure and diversity over space and time, data collected during the 1980s and the 1990s from 3 regions of the Bohai Sea (Laizhou Bay, 16 stations, 37–38°N, 119–120.5°E; central Bohai Sea, 25 stations, 38–39°N, 119–121°E; eastern Bohai Bay, 12 stations, 38–39°N, 118.5–119°E) were reanalyzed in a comparative way by means of a variety of statistical techniques. A considerable change in community structure between the 1980s and the 1990s and over the geographical regions at both the species and family level were revealed. After 10 years, there was a considerable increase in abundance of small polychaetes, bivalves and crustaceans but decreased number of echinoderms. Once abundant in Laizhou Bay in the 1980s, a large echinoderm Echinocardium cordatum and a small mussel Musculista senhousia almost disappeared from the surveying area in the 1990s. Coupled with the increased abundance was the increased species richness in general whereas evenness was getting lower in central Bohai Sea and Bohai Bay but increased in Laizhou Bay. K-dominance plot showed the same trend as evenness J′. After 10 years, the macrobenthic diversity in the Bohai Sea as a whole was slightly reduced and a diversity ranking of central Bohai Sea > Laizhou Bay > eastern Bohai Bay over space was also suggested. Sediment granulometry and organic content were the two major agents behind the observed changes.     

基于ABAQUS在柔性路面结构力学行为中的仿真分析

以工程背景为依托,针对戈壁地区气候特点所推荐的4种路面结构方案,结合弹性层状体系理论,采用大型通用有限元软件ABAQUS分析标准轮载作用下各种路面结构面层顶部弯沉分布状况,并分析研究层底弯拉应力的变化规律,揭示出面层层底并不是一直处在受拉状态,而受到面层刚度及厚度的影响。     

Modified monolithic silica capillary for preconcentration of catecholamines

Preconcentration of catecholamines by the modified monolithic silica in the capillary was investigated in this study. In order to achieve a microchip-based method for determining catecholamines in the saliva, the monolithic silica was fabricated in the capillary and the monolithic silica was chemically modified by on-column reaction with phenylboronate. Different modified methods were compared. The concentration conditions were optimized. This study indicates the applicability of the modified monolithic silica capillary when it was used to concentrate catecholamines.     

悬索桥异型主塔模板翻模施工

某大桥工程设计为自锚式悬索桥,其主塔截面外轮廓是柱式主塔、四面凹槽,顶部4.5m圆弧过渡变截面.通过对异型截面主塔的施工实践,从模板方案选择、模板设计、模扳施工、施工控制措施方面进行了阐述.实践证明,该施工方案可行、可靠,并具有较好的经济性.     

完善我国VTS服务的思考

我们知道各沿海国家和地区在其岸线复杂、船舶通航密度大的海域均设有通航分隔带和分隔线，也就是我们所说的通航分道制，而且大都设有VTS的监控中心，特别是在ISPS实施以后，各国主管机关都加大了VTS系统的监控和船舶报告力度，特别是危险品的装载情况和船舶的保安等级情况需要详细地向VTS报道。     

北京地铁梯形轨道工程试验段考察报告

通过对北京地铁5号线梯形轨道工程试验段的现场考察及技术咨询,介绍首次用于国内地铁减振地段梯形轨道的试验段铺设概况、试验内容、结构形式、技术特点、技术措施、新型轨枕的国产化及存在问题,并提出有关建议。