Hydrography and biogeochemistry of the north western Bay of Bengal and the north eastern Arabian Sea during winter monsoon

The north eastern Arabian Sea and the north western Bay of Bengal within the Indian exclusive economic zone were explored for their environmental characteristics during the winter monsoons of 2000 and 2001 respectively. The two regions were found to respond paradoxically to comparable intensities of the atmospheric forcing. There is an asymmetry in the net heat exchange of these two basins with atmosphere because of the varying thickness of barrier layer. During winter, the convective mixing in the Arabian Sea is driven by net heat loss from the ocean, whereas the Bay of Bengal does not contribute to such large heat loss to the atmosphere. It appears that the subduction of high saline Arabian Sea water mass is the mechanism behind the formation of a barrier layer in the northeast Arabian Sea; whereas that in the Bay of Bengal and the southeast Arabian Sea are already established as due to low saline water mass. The weak barrier layer in the Arabian Sea yields to the predominance of convective mixing to bring in nitrate-rich waters from the deeper layers to the surface, thereby supporting enhanced biological production. On the other hand, the river discharge into the Bay of Bengal during this period results in the formation of a thick and stable barrier layer, which insulates vertical mixing and provide oligotrophic condition in the Bay.     

Structure, conduct and performance on the major liner shipping routes 1

Market concentration on the major container shipping routes has the potential to reduce contestability, impede effective competition and, as a consequence, inhibit the positive relationship between trade and economic growth. This development could also hamper the ability of economic regions to realize their respective competitive and comparative advantages. Within this context, the structure-conduct-performance (SCP) framework is used to analyse liner shipping dynamics in the transpacific, Europe-Far East and transatlantic trade routes. The analysis finds no conclusive evidence that either the increased concentration of slot capacity or the attempts by shipping lines to boost potential slot capacity (mainly through collaborative arrangements) lead to improved financial performance. The paper concludes that, despite high and increasing concentration among carriers on each of the trade routes analysed, these markets remain contestable.     

动圈式电磁驱动气门的分析与设计

提出了一种新的发动机动圈式电磁驱动气门的技术方案,基于有限元方法对其电磁场特性进行分析,计算了气隙磁通密度和电磁力特性,讨论了不同永磁体排列方式和电枢反应对气隙磁通密度的影响.从运动学角度分析了快速响应的设计要求,以运动部件加速度最大为目标对电磁场分布进行了优化设计.研制了电磁驱动气门样件,并通过测试其电磁力特性,验证了计算结果.     

船坞扶壁上层模板设计与应用

本文主要介绍中船龙穴造船基地修船项目2号船坞工程扶壁上层模板,分别阐述了扶壁模板的设计计算及其应用。     

DF8B型机车主整流元件烧损的原因及预防

分析了一起DF8B型机车主整流元件连续发生故障的原因,提出了解决措施。     

浅谈城市复杂桥梁工程的建设管理

该文根据兰州市中心滩黄河大桥工程建设特点,从工程进度控制、质量管理、安全管理及验收管理等方面浅谈了建设单位如何对城市复杂桥梁工程进行建设管理。     

基于体积设计法的沥青混合料收缩特性研究

沥青混合料的收缩特性是影响沥青路面低温开裂的一个重要因素,研究混合料的收缩特性对于控制沥青路面低温开裂有着重要意义.许多研究表明,马歇尔重量设计法所确定的沥青混合料的技术标准存在很多局限性,而体积设计法能很好地克服这些不足.采用沥青混合料体积设计法对混合料的收缩特性进行探讨分析,通过试验得出采用体积法设计的混合料具有更...     

沉井下沉施工过程中的关键技术

沉井基础施工的核心是沉井的下沉,合理的设计是沉井能够顺利下沉的关键。对南京长江第四大桥北锚碇及泰州长江大桥南、北锚碇等几个大型沉井施工中遇到的困难及解决方法进行了研究。结果表明:在沉井的设计中,适当增加其重率以及合理的设置助沉措施是决定沉井能够顺利下沉的关键因素。     

Climate–ocean variability and Pacific hake: A geostatistical modeling approach

Climate forcing of the California Current has been known to impact the distribution and abundance of a number of local fish populations, but the mechanisms involved remain poorly understood. Climate metrics such as the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) are usually used to represent climate processes and direct links are made between climate forcing and production variability. This involves aggregation of impacts across large spatial scales and range of species. However, fluctuations in productivity are often the result of changes in physical habitat. In order to fully understand the relationship between climate and productivity, habitat changes should be addressed. In this study we use a geostatistical approach to quantify adult Pacific hake habitat during different climate regimes. Several authors have suggested that the distribution and intensity of the sub-surface poleward flow (the undercurrent) plays a key role in defining adult hake habitat along the west coast of North America. Here we build a model designed to predict hake habitat distribution in space based on sub-surface poleward flow distribution and bottom depth. Our results show that hake habitat expands in 1998 El Niño year compared to 1995. Given the important predatory role that hake plays in the CC, the amount and distribution of adult hake habitat has large implications for the Pacific Northwest food web and could thus serve as an ecosystem indicator representing important physical–biological interactions. Spatially based ecosystem indicators such as the one we develop here address two important yet neglected areas in the ‘Ecosystem Indicators debate’: the importance of developing metrics explicitly representing spatial and environmental processes shaping ecosystem structure. Without these, our power to fully describe ecosystems will be limited.     

薛继连探索中国轨道经济发展

2006年1月16日，由中国企业联合会和中国企业家协会主办的2005年度中国“最受关注企业家”颁奖活动在北京人民大会堂隆重举行。神华集团能源股份公司副总裁、朔黄铁路公司董事长兼总经理薛继连同来自全国各行业的16名企业家一起荣膺2005年度“最受关注企业家”称号。 那么，作为中国“最受关注的企业家”，薛继连又在“关注”什么呢？新春伊始，本刊记者来到了神华集团，请看报道——[编者按]