A flexible spatially dependent discrete choice model: Formulation and application to teenagers’ weekday recreational activity participation

This study proposes a simple and practical Composite Marginal Likelihood (CML) inference approach to estimate ordered-response discrete choice models with flexible copula-based spatial dependence structures across observational units. The approach is applicable to data sets of any size, provides standard error estimates for all parameters, and does not require any simulation machinery. The combined copula–CML approach proposed here should be appealing for general multivariate modeling contexts because it is simple and flexible, and is easy to implementThe ability of the CML approach to recover the parameters of a spatially ordered process is evaluated using a simulation study, which clearly points to the effectiveness of the approach. In addition, the combined copula–CML approach is applied to study the daily episode frequency of teenagers’ physically active and physically inactive recreational activity participation, a subject of considerable interest in the transportation, sociology, and adolescence development fields. The data for the analysis are drawn from the 2000 San Francisco Bay Area Survey. The results highlight the value of the copula approach that separates the univariate marginal distribution form from the multivariate dependence structure, as well as underscore the need to consider spatial effects in recreational activity participation. The variable effects indicate that parents’ physical activity participation constitutes the most important factor influencing teenagers’ physical activity participation levels. Thus, an effective way to increase active recreation among teenagers may be to direct physical activity benefit-related information and education campaigns toward parents, perhaps at special physical education sessions at the schools of teenagers.     

南昆铁路八渡车站滑坡的稳定性分析

介绍了八渡车站的滑坡概况,采用减凤置排水系统和各种抗滑工程等措施对该滑坡进行治理,文中还进行了稳定性分析,通过列车运行检测和仪器监测结果表明治理后的滑坡处于稳定状态。     

Hydrography and biogeochemistry of the north western Bay of Bengal and the north eastern Arabian Sea during winter monsoon

The north eastern Arabian Sea and the north western Bay of Bengal within the Indian exclusive economic zone were explored for their environmental characteristics during the winter monsoons of 2000 and 2001 respectively. The two regions were found to respond paradoxically to comparable intensities of the atmospheric forcing. There is an asymmetry in the net heat exchange of these two basins with atmosphere because of the varying thickness of barrier layer. During winter, the convective mixing in the Arabian Sea is driven by net heat loss from the ocean, whereas the Bay of Bengal does not contribute to such large heat loss to the atmosphere. It appears that the subduction of high saline Arabian Sea water mass is the mechanism behind the formation of a barrier layer in the northeast Arabian Sea; whereas that in the Bay of Bengal and the southeast Arabian Sea are already established as due to low saline water mass. The weak barrier layer in the Arabian Sea yields to the predominance of convective mixing to bring in nitrate-rich waters from the deeper layers to the surface, thereby supporting enhanced biological production. On the other hand, the river discharge into the Bay of Bengal during this period results in the formation of a thick and stable barrier layer, which insulates vertical mixing and provide oligotrophic condition in the Bay.     

Structure, conduct and performance on the major liner shipping routes 1

Market concentration on the major container shipping routes has the potential to reduce contestability, impede effective competition and, as a consequence, inhibit the positive relationship between trade and economic growth. This development could also hamper the ability of economic regions to realize their respective competitive and comparative advantages. Within this context, the structure-conduct-performance (SCP) framework is used to analyse liner shipping dynamics in the transpacific, Europe-Far East and transatlantic trade routes. The analysis finds no conclusive evidence that either the increased concentration of slot capacity or the attempts by shipping lines to boost potential slot capacity (mainly through collaborative arrangements) lead to improved financial performance. The paper concludes that, despite high and increasing concentration among carriers on each of the trade routes analysed, these markets remain contestable.     

动圈式电磁驱动气门的分析与设计

提出了一种新的发动机动圈式电磁驱动气门的技术方案,基于有限元方法对其电磁场特性进行分析,计算了气隙磁通密度和电磁力特性,讨论了不同永磁体排列方式和电枢反应对气隙磁通密度的影响.从运动学角度分析了快速响应的设计要求,以运动部件加速度最大为目标对电磁场分布进行了优化设计.研制了电磁驱动气门样件,并通过测试其电磁力特性,验证了计算结果.     

船坞扶壁上层模板设计与应用

本文主要介绍中船龙穴造船基地修船项目2号船坞工程扶壁上层模板,分别阐述了扶壁模板的设计计算及其应用。     

DF8B型机车主整流元件烧损的原因及预防

分析了一起DF8B型机车主整流元件连续发生故障的原因,提出了解决措施。     

浅谈城市复杂桥梁工程的建设管理

该文根据兰州市中心滩黄河大桥工程建设特点,从工程进度控制、质量管理、安全管理及验收管理等方面浅谈了建设单位如何对城市复杂桥梁工程进行建设管理。     

基于体积设计法的沥青混合料收缩特性研究

沥青混合料的收缩特性是影响沥青路面低温开裂的一个重要因素,研究混合料的收缩特性对于控制沥青路面低温开裂有着重要意义.许多研究表明,马歇尔重量设计法所确定的沥青混合料的技术标准存在很多局限性,而体积设计法能很好地克服这些不足.采用沥青混合料体积设计法对混合料的收缩特性进行探讨分析,通过试验得出采用体积法设计的混合料具有更...     

沉井下沉施工过程中的关键技术

沉井基础施工的核心是沉井的下沉,合理的设计是沉井能够顺利下沉的关键。对南京长江第四大桥北锚碇及泰州长江大桥南、北锚碇等几个大型沉井施工中遇到的困难及解决方法进行了研究。结果表明:在沉井的设计中,适当增加其重率以及合理的设置助沉措施是决定沉井能够顺利下沉的关键因素。