Bees-algorithm-based optimization of component size and control strategy parameters for parallel hybrid electric vehicles

This paper presents the optimization of key component sizes and control strategy for parallel hybrid electric vehicles (parallel HEVs) using the bees algorithm (BA). The BA is an intelligent optimization tool that mimics the food foraging behavior of honey bees. Parallel HEV configuration and electric assist control strategy were used to conduct the research. The values of the key component size and the control strategy parameters were adjusted according to the BA to minimize the weighted sum of fuel consumption (FC) and emissions, while the vehicle performance satisfies the PNGV constraints. In this research, the software ADVISOR was used as the simulation tool, and the driving cycles FTP, ECE-EUDC and UDDS were employed to evaluate FC, emission and dynamic performance. The results demonstrate that the BA is a powerful tool in parallel HEV optimization to determine the optimal parameters of component sizes and control strategy, resulting in the improvement of FC and emissions without sacrificing vehicle performance. In addition, the BA is able to define a global solution with a high rate of convergence.     

Market-based measures for greenhouse gas emissions from ships: a review

The purpose of this paper is to review several distinct proposals for market-based measures (MBMs) that are under consideration by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) for greenhouse gases (GHGs). Thus far, some ten distinct MBM proposals have been submitted to the IMO. The paper discusses the general concept of an MBM, the mechanisms used by MBMs, and attempts to discuss the pros and cons of the submitted proposals, according to some specific criteria.     

驱动桥桥壳建模及模型网格化处理

驱动桥壳是汽车上的主要零件之一,桥壳不仅是承载件还是传力件,同时又是主减速器、差速器及车轮传动装置的外壳。故驱动桥壳的质量极大影响了车辆的安全使用。随着经济发展,车辆保有量的日益增长,车辆不断向高速、轻量、低能耗和高性能发展。这要求桥壳不仅有足够的强度和刚度,还要求减轻质量以及必须对结构的振动特性分析。本文主要研究在对驱动桥壳简化及通过PROE建模后,如何在Hypermesh把模型网格化及对网格的修改和检查,本文的意义在于对驱动桥壳的有限元分析提供一个基础模型。     

采用矢量控制的桅杆式起重机和固定式全回转起重机的供电设计

随着变频技术的发展,在桅杆式起重机和固定式全回转起重机的异步电动机上越来越多地采用矢量控制的闭环调频技术,采用该技术的电动机可保证起重机装卸大件时的平稳运行,减少对大件设备和起重机的冲击。根据工程实例,重点介绍起重机的电气拖动方案、电动机计算电流和尖峰电流的确定方法,以及如何合理配置箱式变电站等主要技术问题,可供相关码头设计参考。     

Economic value and utility of a powertrain system for a plug-in parallel diesel hybrid electric bus

This research is the first to develop a design for a powertain system of a plug-in parallel diesel hybrid electric bus equipped with a continuously variable transmission (CVT) and presents a new design paradigm of the plug-in hybrid electric bus (HEB). The criteria and method for selecting and sizing powertrain components equipped in the plug-in HEB are presented. The plug-in HEB is designed to overcome the vulnerable limitations of driving range and performance of a purely electric vehicle (EV) and to improve fuel economy and exhaust emissions of conventional bus and conventional HEBs. The control strategy of the complicated connected propulsion system in the plug-in parallel HEB is one of the most significant factors in achieving higher fuel economy and lower exhaust emissions of the HEV. In this research, a new optimal control strategy concept is proposed against existing rule-based control strategies. The optimal powertrain control strategy is obtained through two steps of optimizations: tradeoff optimization for emission control and energy flow optimization based on the instantaneous optimization technique. The proposed powertrain control strategy has the flexibility to adapt to battery SOC, exhaust emission amount, classified driving pattern, driving condition, and engine temperature. The objective of the optimal control strategy is to optimize the fuel consumption, electricity use, and exhaust emissions proper to the performance targets. The proposed control strategy was simulated to prove its validity by using analysis simulation tool ADVISOR (advanced vehicle simulator).     

Performance of radial-type metal foam diesel particulate filters

An analytical study of the performance of a radial-type, metal foam diesel particulate filter is reported. A mathematical model for the filtration and regeneration of soot in a metal foam filter was developed. Nickel foam was selected for the filter medium due to its large specific area, high porosity, and high thermal resistance. For various metal foams, the filtration efficiency and the pressure drop through the filter were calculated, as was the deposition of soot. The results from the analytical model were compared with experimental data. In comparison with a conventional wall flow filter, the metal foam diesel particulate filter (DPF) is effective in utilizing the volume of material, due to the porous structures. As the size of the metal foam pores in the DPF increases from 580 μm to 800 μm, the filtration efficiency decreases from 90% to 50%, and the pressure drop decreases from 380 mbar to 20 mbar. The metal foam DPF with a large pore size is effective in utilizing the volume of material with a small pressure drop. The regeneration is completed within four minutes by the flow of hot exhaust gases under full load conditions.     

城市道路资产评估与管理研究

资产价值评估是资产管理的核心。该文针对城市道路基础设施,以道路技术状况评价和使用性能预测等技术为基础,建立了适用于城市道路基础设施资产价值评估的重置成本法,且对上海市城市道路路面资产价值进行了实例计算。并以此为基础,探讨了资产价值评估方法在养护投资、全寿命费用分析,以及多设施综合优化管理等方面的应用。     

丰溪路龙华港桥设计

龙华港桥为徐汇滨江公共开放空间中的一座桥梁,主桥采用双层桥面变截面连续钢桁梁,倒梯断面,跨径82.5m+82.5m=165m。该文着重介绍主桥钢桁梁的设计。     

一种汽车远近灯光智能切换系统的设计

基于红外信号技术,设计了一种汽车远近灯光智能切换系统,能在一定程度上有效避免夜间会车所造成的交通事故。