基于多维高斯隐马尔科夫模型的驾驶员转向行为辨识方法

在线控转向系统中,采用一种基于多维高斯隐马尔科夫模型的驾驶员转向行为辨识方法,可达到辅助驾驶员驾驶、屏蔽驾驶员错误操作和提高汽车主动安全性的目的.通过驾驶模拟器采集相应工况数据,经数据预处理 后,应用Baum-Welch 算法对多维高斯隐马尔科夫模型进行优化,且应用Labview进行在线辨识,准确率达到99.8％.     

基于Vague故障树的发动机系统可靠性分析

针对基于概率论的故障树分析(FTA)模型不适用于结构复杂、且失效行为具有不确定性汽车发动机系统的可靠性分析,将Vague集引入其故障树分析中,用Vague集描述底事件的失效行为,构造了基于三角形Vague集算术运算的最大和最小与门模糊算子,并确定了Vague故障树分析的步骤、原则与方法.通过建立某典型发动机系统的Vague故障树分析(VFTA)模型.解决了故障树分析中部分事件故障判据及数据的模糊性问题.仿真结果表明VFTA模型比其它模糊FTA模型更灵活、有效.     

Analyzing transit service reliability using detailed data from automatic vehicular locator systems

The widespread adoption of automated vehicle location (AVL) systems and automatic passenger counters (APCs) in the transit industry has opened new venues in operations and system monitoring. In 2005, Metro Transit, Minnesota, implemented AVL system and partially implemented APC technologies. To date there has been little effort to employ the collected data in evaluating transit performance. This research uses such data to assess performance issues along a cross‐town route in the Metro Transit system. We generate a series of visual and analytical analyses to predict run time, schedule adherence and reliability of the transit route at two scales: the time point segment and the route level to demonstrate ways of identifying causes of decline in reliability levels. The analytical models show that while headways are maintained, schedule revisions are needed to improve run time and schedule adherence. Finally, the analysis suggests that many scheduled stops along this route are underutilized and recommends stop consolidation as a tool to decrease variability of service through concentrating passenger demand along a fewer number of stops. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Fatigue Behavior of Bond-type Anchorage with CFRP Tendon

CFRP预应力筋锚固系统的系统研究成果尤其是疲劳性能研究仍较少,采用疲劳试验机对以高性能活性粉末混凝土RPC作为新型粘结介质的CFRP预应力筋粘结式锚具的疲劳性能进行试验研究,CFRP预应力筋锚固系统疲劳试验采取对组装件交替施加静荷载和疲劳荷载,即用静载试验来检验组装件在经历一定次数重复荷载后的静力性能变化.试验结果表明该类锚具具有良好的抗疲劳性能,随着循环加载次数的增加,组装件之间的相对位置将趋于更加稳定的状态;循环加载过程中CFRP筋抗拉刚度略有降低,疲劳136万次与疲劳前组装件CFRP筋的抗拉刚度比值为93.7％.循环荷载作用下对粘结式锚具组装件有损伤,但当所施加的荷载未超过其极限破断力的40％时,CFRP筋与RPC之间的相对位置将保持比较稳定的状态,此时存在一定损伤的粘结式锚具组装件仍具有较好的承载能力.     

三峡库区滑坡消涨带变形破坏模型试验（双语出版）

为明确水库滑坡消涨带变形破坏机理,以物理模型试验为手段,基于三峡库区堆积层滑坡工程地质特征,建立3种不同岩层倾角的滑坡消涨带试验模型。通过水库滑坡模型试验材料研制和库水位波动科学控制,实现水库滑坡消涨带失稳过程试验模拟,并从试验角度探讨水库滑坡消涨带变形特征和力学机制。结果表明：初次蓄水过程中,坡表裂缝交角与基岩倾角呈负相关,交角决定了裂缝扩展方向,影响变形发展;滑床倾角越大,交角越小,裂缝越长,变形越大,塌岸越易发生;坡内孔隙水压力滞后性明显,随周期增大逐渐减小趋于稳定,水位波动速率会缩短坡体地下水响应时间;波动速率越大,坡内孔隙水压力变化速率越大,对水下坡体影响最大,坡体内速率差越大,渗透力越大,进而影响滑坡的稳定性;土体结构劣化及水的浮托力是引起滑坡模型前缘破坏的关键因素,而动水压力作用及有效应力减小导致滑坡由局部向整体破坏,呈现典型的多重滑面渐进式牵引破坏模式。该研究结果有助于深入认识滑坡消涨带变形破坏机理,可为库水位波动触发牵引式滑坡的演化模式和力学机理提供依据。     

基于卡口车牌识别数据的车辆出行分析

车辆出行是城市道路交通的基本组成单元,掌握城市道路网车辆的出行信息,深入挖掘车辆出行特征与规律,能为城市交通管理提供决策信息.本文基于卡口车牌识别数据,提出了一套车辆出行分析框架.首先对全路网运行的所有车辆的个体出行进行辨识,提取所有车辆出行的路径和行程信息,并从个体和集计层面获取车辆出行的规律特征;利用车辆的多日出行信息和统计特征,提出了车辆职住地识别方法;基于外地车的出行特征,利用 K-means++ 算法对外地车进行分类.在实例分析中,以广州市道路网运行车辆作为研究对象,开展了车辆出行分析,实验结果验证了本文方法的有效性.通过本文方法挖掘的信息对城市道路交通管理具有重要意义.     

有源电力滤波器中输出滤波器的设计及仿真

本文针对三相三线制有源滤波器工作中产生的高次谐波,设计一个二阶高通滤波器,使得高次谐波电流大部分流入高通滤波器,从而达到消除高次谐波的目的.通过MATLAB/Simulink仿真,所设计滤波器使得高次谐波大幅减少,有效的提高了系统电压质量.     

薄壁高墩连续刚构桥的空间稳定分析

薄壁高墩连续刚构桥由于自身的力学特点,其稳定问题日显突出。本文以南河大桥的工程实际,在欧拉弹性理论的基础上,利用空间有限元法对其进行稳定分析。通过分析比较,提出了对此类桥型稳定分析的方法和建议。     

Optimization and Performance Enhancement of Active Suspensions for Automobiles under Preview of the Road

The problem of deriving control laws which minimize specified performance indices for a vehicle moving on a rough surface with preview of the surface elevation is considered. The approach is based on linear optimal tracking theory and consequently the system elements are taken to be linear and the performance index is constrained to be of quadratic form.

The ideas of overtaking optimality are applied to the problem in order to achieve a closed form solution for the control. Then, using the control laws derived, computer simulations of performance are conducted and time histories are shown. In the absence of limitations on either processing or actuator speeds, and for cases in which the preview is sufficient to give good control laws, the value of the preview in enhancing vehicle suspension performance is assessed. Comparisons are made with results in the literature.     

Probabilistic Fatigue Failure Analysis of a Railroad Freight Car

The critical components of railroad fraight cars are subjected to fluctuating stresses and, therefore, vulnerable to fatigue damage. These fluctuating stresses result from different motions of the car when it travels along a track and is subjected to various track irregularities. Both the track irregularities and corresponding motions are highly random. Therefore, the fatigue damage can only be determined by means of a percentage probability level. This paper describes a probability-based method for evaluating fatigue damage in a freight car. The effect of uncertain boundary conditions for the car in the calculations of fatigue damage is also discussed. The applications of the method to carbody design and assessment of fatigue life are also explained