基于嵌入式技术的电子质量测量系统的设计

介绍一种基于嵌入式技术的电子秤,给出了测试电路、计算机控制方法及软件设计中的关键技术。同时介绍了网络化管理的实现方法。     

Operational measures to mitigate and reverse the potential modal shifts due to environmental legislation

On 1 January 2015, the sulphur upper limit for marine fuels used within sulphur emission control areas was lowered from 1% to 0.1%, with which vessels can comply only through using pricier ultra-low-sulphur fuel, or investing in abatement technologies. A potential increase of fuel prices could lead to closures of services due to the combined effects of loss of market due to higher freight rates, and increased operational costs. This paper builds on previous work allowing the modelling of modal shifts between sea and land-based options, and assesses the potential of operational measures that ship-owners can deploy to cope with the threat of the low-sulphur requirements. The measures include speed reduction, change of service frequency, use of alternative fuels such as liquefied natural gas, investments in scrubber systems, and improved fleet assignment. The proposed measures are tested on a set of case studies for services that are part of a short sea shipping network of a leading Ro-Ro operator. The results of this work can be useful to practitioners seeking to design new strategies that improve the resilience of their network, as well as to regulatory bodies designing new regulation that could have negative implications on certain sectors.     

导边与随边设计对喷水推进泵性能的影响

采用相同的叶片轴面流线载荷分布和叶轮出口环量分布规律,改变导边与随边位置设计出多个喷水推进泵叶轮。基于雷诺时均的N-S方程、SST湍流模型和多重参考坐标系对叶轮内流场进行数值模拟,结果表明：导边向进口适度延伸可减小叶片进口边的载荷,利于提高空化性能,但效率有所降低;随边倾斜参数与叶轮出口的轴面速度分布和叶片表面的压力分布特性关联。     

基于MATLAB三轮摩托车手变挡机构参数优化

对手变挡机构进行简化,建立了变挡机构力学物理模型;再对建立的物理模型根据理论力学进行力学分析,建立力学方程组进行方程变换,并利用MATLAB提供的优化算法fmincon函数,对建立的力学方程组进行最优求解,最后以某型号发动机变挡机构为实例进行计算,验证了该理论的正确性和可行性,为手变挡机构的设计计算提供了借鉴和理论依据。     

合理确定大型开敞式码头前沿设计水深

合理确定的码头前沿设计水深,既能满足船舶安全作业的要求,又能使码头达到预期的运营效果。本文根据现行规范的要求,并结合实际工程项目,对大型开敞式码头前沿设计水深的计算进行了探讨。     

船用视频图像增强装置的模块化设计

由于船用视频监控环境的复杂性,有必要采用多种不同组合的图像增强算法对各种视频图像进行增强处理。本文从船用视频监控系统的实际应用出发,在硬件结构和软件功能上设计了模块化的视频图像增强装置。它可作为一个独立的设备,提供标准的视频输入、输出接口,无缝集成到现有的船用视频监控体系结构中。船用环境下的应用结果表明:本装置工作稳定可靠,能对各种视频图像进行有效的增强处理,获取高质量的视频监控图像,完全满足设计要求。     

摇摆运动对过冷沸腾传热特性影响的机理分析

通过建立静止及摇摆状态下窄矩形通道内的强迫循环过冷沸腾汽泡动力学效应数学模型,分析摇摆状态下过冷沸腾中的滑移汽泡受力行为,讨论摇摆状态下附加惯性力场对汽泡行为影响的规律。基于分相流模型,分析不同摇摆运动参数对过冷沸腾液相流动传热特性及汽泡运动的影响程度,并对理论研究结论进行试验验证。研究结果表明:当摇摆运动不足以导致强迫循环质量流量发生明显变化时,由摇摆运动引入的附加惯性力及由流道空间位置改变引起的浮力变化均不足以改变汽泡运动的规律,因此,摇摆运动对过冷沸腾传热特性的影响可以忽略,获得的结论可为船用换热器性能评价提供参考。     

简析一种自卸车底板加热装置

自卸车底板加热装置是适用与严寒地区、考虑到卸料方便的一种在车底板加热结构。其特点是利用自卸车的尾气对自卸车大箱底板进行加热处理,进而有利于严寒地区的冻土卸料或者水料粘附卸料。     

超前微型钢管桩在基坑围护中的应用

某地下室基坑开挖深度超过4 m,既有围墙距基坑边仅0.6 m,由于特殊原因,既不能拆除围墙,又要保证围墙的安全。施工中采用了超前微型钢管桩加土钉喷锚支护的施工方法,成功地解决了围墙垂直、水平位移等问题。     

Hydrological changes in the Mediterranean Sea in relation to changes in the freshwater budget: A numerical modelling study

The response of the Mediterranean Sea and the various sub-basins to changes in the freshwater budget are investigated in a process-oriented study, using the POM model. The model is first integrated using values of the Nile and Ebro rivers runoff, as well as of the Dardanelles freshwater input, typical of the fifties. The model reaches a steady state representative of that existing in the Mediterranean prior to the major damming period after 90 years of integration. Then the model is integrated using the reduced river runoff values typical of the after-damming period. The additional impact of decadal scale trends in the precipitation rate as well as of intense surface cooling periods/events on the thermohaline circulation during the last 40 years were also examined. The model results show that the dramatic reduction of the Nile freshwater input and to a lesser extent the reduction of the freshwater input from the Dardanelles Straits induced a large increase in the sea surface salinity in the Aegean and Levantine basins in the late sixties/early seventies, in agreement with observations. Furthermore, the Ebro runoff reduction during the same period further enhanced the salinity increase in the Levantine basin as higher salinity surface waters of the western basin reached the eastern basin via the Atlantic Water circulation. This saltier surface layer in the vicinity of the Rhodes Gyre favoured the preconditioning for the formation of the Levantine Intermediate Water, resulting in about 40% increase of its formation rate. This in turn resulted in the production of saltier and larger amounts of deep waters in the various deep-water formation sites. According to the model, the river damming and decreased precipitation since the eighties explain about 95% of the observed salinity increase in the Western Mediterranean Deep Water over the last 40 years. The major contributor to this increase was proved to be the Nile damming. The salt increase in the surface layer is proved to be insufficient to produce alone the two climatic transient events in the deep waters of the Eastern Mediterranean in the late sixties and early nineties, respectively. Surface cooling was found to be important, resulting in large deep water formation and thus allowing the propagation of the increased surface salinity signal to the deep layers. However, model results demonstrate that the river damming played an important role in the long-term salt preconditioning of the surface/intermediate layers, thus contributing in triggering the two events.