Managing transportation during highway reconstruction: A recommended process

Major highway reconstruction can cause significant disruptions to existing travel patterns and economic activity. Reducing these impacts on travelers, shippers, businesses and residents requires that innovative and effective transportation management actions be developed and implemented. This paper reports the major findings and recommendations of a research study on managing transportation during highway, reconstruction. The primary objectives of the study were

Joint development at transit stations in the United States

Joint development, as the term is generally used in connection with transit systems in the United States, is real estate development that is closely linked to public transportation services and station facilities, and takes advantage of the market and locational advantages provided by them. Research conducted by LEK Associates for the Urban Mass Transportation Administration (UMTA) suggests that, in addition to helping shape urban growth and land development, joint development is also a surprisingly effective means of increasing transit system ridership and farebox revenues, as well as a source of increasingly significant revenues from the sale or lease of air rights.The completion of nine joint development projects in as many different cities, started under the former Urban Initiatives Program, for example, net additional annual ridership might reach 12000000 one-way trips. Net additional annual farebox revenues might reach over $9000000. This added revenue would be sufficient to repay the $62 million combined UMTA/transit operator investment in the nine projects, exclusive of the costs of the basic transit system improvements around which the projects are planned, in less than six years.Among transit authority-administered joint development programs examined in a separate study, the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA) has had the most success in generating significant value capture income. For example, the cumulative revenue realized by WMATA from just six joint development projects in the Washington, DC region, through September 1983 exceeded $ 6.9 million. Projections through fiscal year 1986 indicate cumulative revenues approximating $ 28 million will be received from developer leases.     

Urban transportation modeling: The discussion continues

This article is a response to John Polak's article, entitled, A Comment on Supernak's Critique of Transport Modeling, published elsewhere in this issue of TRANSPORTATION. It offers necessary clarifications to the issues discussed in an earlier article in this journal (Supernak, 1983). It also responds to the philosophical issues discussed in Polak's article, such as the nature of transport phenomena, and the role, form and methodology of transport modeling.     

Regional impacts of new transport infrastructure: a multisectoral potentials approach

This is the second of two background papers sponsored for the Symposium by the Administrative Commission for the north of the Netherlands. Its purpose is to provide an indication of the effects of the proposed high speed rail line between Amsterdam, Groningen and Hamburg on employment in the corridor. The authors first review the techniques of forecasting these effects discussed in the literature. The potentials approach is adopted for their analysis, the mathematics and underlying assumptions of which are presented. Finally, this model is run to provide an estimate of the impact on regional employment of three variants of the proposed rail line.     

The design of bus route systems — An interactive location-allocation approach

An interactive modelling approach is developed to solve the practical problem of bus route network design. Possible bus routes are identified with facilities which can be located. Zones or pairs of zones in the urban area are identified with customers who will be allocated to the established facilities. It is shown that the classical Set Covering Problem is useful under the assumption of fixed demand; the Simple Plant Location Problem is effective under the assumption of demand which is sensitive to the level of bus service provided.     

人类仿真技术在铁路系统中的应用

摘要：对应用于铁路人机工程学的人类仿真方法进行了总结,即一种仿真器是采用虚拟现实技术来模拟环境,例如驾驶仿真器、乘坐舒适度仿真器、铁路车站仿真器等。另一类仿真器则采用计算机仿真技术来评价列车司机工作时承受的精神负担、列车碰撞引起的旅客运动方式及损伤等。     

XP55-28经济型镟修踏面外形设计及动力学性能验证

对于CRH5型动车组所采用的XP55型车轮踏面外形,在经过120万km以上的运营后检修时,如按原型踏面外形镟修,不仅镟修量较大,且减少车轮使用寿命。本文通过对上千个在不同线路运行120万km后的车轮进行外形测量,对其轮缘斜面磨耗、轮缘厚度、轮缘高度、等效锥度等数据进行统计分析,设计了XP55-28经济型镟修踏面;利用多体动力学软件SIMPACK建立CRH5型动车组模型,分别从轮轨接触几何关系、车辆系统蛇行运动稳定性、车辆直线轨道运行平稳性、车辆曲线通过安全性等方面对采用XP55-28经济型镟修踏面的车辆与采用XP55型踏面的车辆进行对比。结果表明:二者轮轨接触几何关系相同,各项动力学性能指标均满足运营要求。     

地铁车辆牵引系统控制方式的比选

文章对地铁车辆牵引系统3种控制方式进行比较,对3种控制方式从车辆故障运行能力及冗余性,车下设备布置,与空气制动系统的配合,对扩编的影响和维护成本等多方面进行了分析,提出了地铁车辆牵引系统控制方式选择的建议。     

HX_D1D型交流传动客运电力机车电传动系统

详细阐述了HXD1D型交流传动客运电力机车牵引电传动系统的的结构组成、工作原理、技术参数、冗余设计理念以及性能特点,并对牵引电传动系统的各关键部件和装置进行了详细的功能描述。     

直流牵引系统双边联跳功能优化

针对广州地铁2号线直流馈线开关跳闸后异常闭锁现象,结合联跳保护的原理和特点,对联跳信号的产生、传递、接收过程进行深入的分析和严格的现场测试,确定开关异常闭锁的原因,提出通过外围电路调整优化双边联跳功能的方案,取得较好的应用效果.