柴油机排气污染物PM和NOx催化处理反应平台设计与应用

使用自行设计的程序温控的催化反应平台和模拟配气系统相连接,测试并获得催化剂的催化还原NOx和催化氧化PM的准确的催化性能数据.使用该催化反应平台和常柴CZ2102型柴油机实验平台相连接,获得在稀燃条件下介孔镧铈锆铝复合氧化物对PM和NOx的催化处理实验的应用数据.为同时去除柴油机排气污染物PM颗粒和NOx的工程应用打下坚实的基础.     

基于新型磁链观测器的无速度传感器感应电机控制技术研究

提出一种由补偿式的二阶带通滤波器电压磁链观测模型,基于该补偿电压模型,构成新的磁链估计器.为了解决磁链观测器多平衡状态的问题,提出以提高磁链估计精度的方法、对不同类型感应电动机磁通观测器的控制技术进行研究.对传统的模型参考自适应速度估计方法进行改进,基于补偿式二阶带通滤波器电压磁链观测模式作为参考模型,速度估计的精度提高.同时对基于新型磁链观测器的无速度传感器感应电机控制技术进行研究,然后通过仿真验证.     

固态胺纤维制备及在密闭舱内吸附CO2性能研究

以聚丙烯腈纤维(PAN)为基体,通过水解、酰氯化及与聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)接枝反应制备得到多胺基型固态胺纤维.应用红外光谱仪、热重分析仪及扫描电子显微镜表征了纤维的官能团结构、热稳定性及表面微观形貌.在温度25.0℃、相对湿度80%、初始CO2浓度1.0%的条件下,测得纤维在30 min内对CO2的吸附量可达154.4 g/kg;105℃ 水蒸气再生10 min,循环吸附再生50次,纤维的再生效率为98.3%.     

船舶机舱空气质量监测评价仪的设计及实现

机舱多模式空气质量监测评价仪是对机舱气体进行实时监测并做出评价的智能化产品.本仪器通过多种传感器对机舱气体中部分物质的含量进行采集,利用单片机进行数据整理和分析,实时给出评价.该仪器对于监测机舱环境的空气品质,为轮机人员提供自我防护决策提供了依据和保障,有较大的意义和实用价值.     

浦东机场一次低云能见度天气过程的分析

2017年4月8日夜间到清晨,浦东机场发生了持续的低云低能见度天气,机场在期间启动了CATⅡ运行程序。本次天气过程持续时间较长,结束时间晚,对浦东机场航班起降造成明显影响。本文通过对当天各类气象资料的分析,总结了本次天气过程产生的原因和预报思路,并进一步对恶劣天气情况下机场气象台提供的气象服务进行了探讨。     

我国海洋生态环境损害程度评价技术发展现状

本文通过对目前海洋生态环境的判定技术的综合分析,按海洋污染生态毒性损害、海洋污染对渔业资源的损害以及涉海工程对海洋生态环境损害三个方面入手,介绍了国内外的海洋生态环境损害程度评价技术的发展现状,并指出我国相关研究中存在的不足。     

东海涌浪环境下大型起重船吊装组块耦合运动响应数值模拟研究

我国东海海洋环境复杂,经常出现小波高、长周期的涌浪.长周期涌对系泊大型起重船吊装海洋平台上部组块影响比较大,尽管涌的波高较小,但是,吊物组块运动幅度明显比同等波高海况时的要大,严重影响了海洋平台的安装施工效率和进度,甚至威胁作业安全.本文采用水动力势流软件,建立系泊-大型起重船(包括吊臂)-索具-大型组块吊物的耦合运动模型,研究复杂涌浪环境下耦合系统运动响应特性及其机理,并开展了参数敏感性分析,讨论对耦合响应影响因素.最后,对东海涌浪情况下起重安装施工,提出了降低吊装组块运动响应的建议措施.     

Bicycle mode share in China: a city-level analysis of long term trends

In the past 15 years, cities in China have experienced big changes in socioeconomic and traffic conditions, resulting in a long term change in bicycle use. This study aims to quantify the changes in bicycle mode share in Chinese cities and explore the potential causes. Based on data from 51 cities, it is found that bicycle mode share at the city level decreased gradually in the past. Conventional bicycle mode share decreased with a rate of 3 % per year, but electric bicycle mode share increased with a rate of 2 % per year. The correlations between city features such as demographics and built environments and bicycle mode share at different city sizes are compared. The generalized linear models are estimated to relate the changes in the share of different trip modes to various city-level factors. The results show that the bicycle mode share in a city is impacted by factors including city area size, population density, number of cars, percentage of local road mileage among all roads, and trip purpose. Possible reasons for the changes in bicycle uses in Chinese cities are explored and policy implications are discussed.     

Long-term impact of the Shinkansen on rail and air demand: analysis with data from Northeast Japan

This paper analyses how the high-speed rail construction in Northeast Japan (Tohoku) has affected total demand and interregional travel patterns. We use annual interregional passenger data from 1989 to 2012 and apply regression analysis with the demand between Tokyo and the Tohoku prefectures as the dependent variable. We distinguish particularly between the ‘Full-’ and the ‘Mini-’ Shinkansen, where the latter are branch services running with reduced speed. We find that the ‘Full-Shinkansen’ quickly increases rail and total public transport trips and generates additional rail demand year on year. The ‘Mini-Shinkansen’ impacts are less pronounced. Furthermore, our analysis shows that the Shinkansen has shifted some demand from air to rail once it started operation and increased rail share gradually. We therefore suggest that predictions of demand impacts should carefully distinguish immediate from gradual impacts. We also discuss differences in regional demand in that not all prefectures have gained equally from Shinkansen construction.     

江苏丰立码头工程定点流速流向的观测与分析

结合长江下游某工程定点流速、流向观测和实测数据分析,认为在受海潮影响较大的测区水域,定点流速、流向观测数据比表面流速数据能够更准确和全面地反映流场情况。建议长江下游水上工程项目要进行定点流速、流向观测。