基于三电平逆变器的永磁同步电动机直接转矩控制新方法

在永磁同步电动机数学模型和三电平空间矢量调制法的基础上,提出一种基于三电平逆变器拓扑结构的永磁同步电机直接转矩控制新方法.该方法采用bang-bang控制器对电机进行控制,通过新型合成矢量开关表对固定合成矢量的选取,有效地抑制了三电平逆变器直流侧支撑电容中点电位波动、限制了输出电压变化率dv/dt并降低了开关损耗,同时...     

基于补偿滑模控制的混合动力汽车协调控制

由于行星排功率分流式混合动力汽车的结构优势,双行星排功率分流式混合动力汽车已经成为各机构的研究重点。由纯电动模式到混合驱动模式切换的过程中存在发动机起动和发动机转矩引入,而发动机转矩瞬态响应存在迟滞,导致切换过程中动力系统的输出转矩会有较大波动。为减小波动,降低模式切换过程中的动态冲击度,本文中提出补偿滑模控制方法,对双行星排功率分流式混合动力汽车模式切换进行协调控制。首先,建立整车动力学模型,对切换过程每个模式进行分析;之后,针对发动机拖转阶段和混合驱动阶段分别采用补偿控制和基于固定边界层的自适应滑模控制,并对滑模控制进行稳定性分析;最后,结合Matlab/Simulink软件平台进行仿真验证。仿真结果表明,补偿滑模协调控制策略能够有效地减小从纯电动到混合驱动模式切换过程中的转矩波动和冲击度。     

基于荷载传递法的单桩沉降简化计算方法

基于荷载传递法,考虑桩侧土体软化特性,提出一种单桩沉降预测的简化算法。采用内接三折线模型模拟桩侧阻力与桩土剪切位移间非线性关系及软化特性,采用双曲线模型模拟桩端阻力与桩端位移的非线性关系。根据桩侧及桩端荷载传递模型,利用简化递推方法可由桩端位移获得桩顶沉降。给定一系列桩端位移,即可绘制单桩荷载-沉降曲线。最后,结合实际工程案例,对上述方法进行验证。     

赤水河红军大桥门式框架桥塔施工关键技术

赤水河红军大桥为主跨1200 m的单跨悬索桥,桥塔为门式框架结构,由塔肢和上、下2道横梁组成。为加快施工进度,对塔梁同步和塔梁异步2种施工方案进行综合比选,确定该桥采用塔梁异步施工方案。通过方案优化,施工中设置5道主动横撑,确保桥塔不出现拉应力;横梁采用空中附壁支架现浇施工,节省钢材,缩短工期;采用有限元软件对该方案进行仿真分析,验证了该方案的合理性。塔梁异步施工时,塔肢施工到一定高度后进行下横梁施工;塔肢封顶后,同步施工大桥上部结构和上横梁;通过横梁与塔肢结合处钢筋全断面Ⅰ级接头控制,增加塔肢混凝土凿毛厚度,采用定位钢筋串联法进行横梁锚杯相对位置及线形控制,预应力管道口采用定位钢筋进行位置固定,保证了桥塔施工质量。     

大马力重载全驱大件牵引车分动箱油冷器设计及应用

大件牵引车是用于运输不可拆解的重型大件货物的专用车辆。其动力系统通常具有较大的马力和较高的扭矩。主要的运输工作过程中车辆处于长时间的重载工作情况,所以车辆在对与整车的动力及传动系统、冷却系统等方面的要求较高。而分动箱作为传动系统的重要组成部件,分动箱的性能对整车有着较为直接的影响。大件牵引车由于低速重载情况下长时间的工作,分动箱内的齿轮油发热严重产生高温,直接影响齿轮的性能及车辆的安全,故针对分动箱油温较高的情况,设计一套油冷器用于冷却分动箱油温,从而从根本上解决了车辆长时间处于低速重载作业过程中,分动箱油温较高对分动箱性能及齿轮使用寿命的不利影响。提高整车的可靠性和寿命,从而提高车辆的性能质量。     

对城市轨道交通规划建设的思考

中国城市轨道交通的超常规发展短期内缓解了各大城市轨道交通发展滞后的欠账问题,极大支持了快速城镇化进程.然而,城市轨道交通发展过程中也面临着一些需要探讨的问题——要不要持续建设、如何才能做到持续建设.分析城市轨道交通现实情况、国内外主要投融资模式以及站城一体化实施效果,提出从长远角度和外部效益角度科学决策城市轨道交通建设...     

Virtual prototype simulation on underwater hydraulic impingement shovel

The virtual prototype technology is applied to the design of the hydraulic impingement shovel, which is to increase the reliability of the design. The work principle of hydraulic impingement shovel is expatiated, and its dynamic equations are established. The 3D model of virtual prototype is built by PRO/E. Then the couple between the mechanical body of prototype and the hydraulic system is completed by virtue of ADAMS. Finally, the simulation is made on the virtual prototype. The simulation results show that the design of underwater hydraulic impingement shovel is rational. The virtual prototype technology could lay sound foundation of successful manufacturing of physical prototype for the first time and offer highly effective and feasible means for the design and production of underwater equipments.     

Experimental study on the width of the turbulent area around bridge pier

At present, the method of calculating the turbulent flow width around the bridge pier is not given in the "Standard for Inland River Navigation" (GB50139-2004) in China, and the bridge designer usually increases the bridge span in order to ensure the navigation safety, which increases both of the structural design difficulty and the project investments. Therefore, it is extremely essential to give a research on the turbulent flow width around the bridge pier. Through the experiments of the fixed bed and the mobile bed, the factors influencing the turbulent flow width around the bridge pier have been analyzed, such as the approaching flow speed, the water depth, the angles between the bridge pier and the flow direction, the sizes of bridge pier, the shapes of the bridge pier, and the scouring around the bridge pier, etc. Through applying the dimension analytic method to the measured data, the formula of calculating the turbulent flow width around the bridge pier is then inferred.     

A second order volume of fluid （VOF） scheme for numerical simulation of 2-D breaking waves

Among all environmental forces acting on ocean structures and marine vessels, those resulting from wave impacts are likely to yield the highest loads. Being highly nonlinear, transient and complex, a theoretical analysis of their impact would be impossible without numerical simulations. In this paper, a pressure-split two-stage numerical algorithm is proposed based on Volume Of Fluid (VOF) methodology. The algorithm is characterized by introduction of two pressures at each half and full cycle time step, and thus it is a second-order accurate algorithm in time. A simplified second-order Godunov-type solver is used for the continuity equations. The method is applied to simulation of breaking waves in a 2-D water tank, and a qualitative comparison with experimental photo observations is made. Quite consistent results are observed between simulations and experiments. Commercially available software and Boundary Integral Method (BIM) have also been used to simulate the same problem. The results from present code and BIM are in good agreement with respect to breaking location and timing, while the results obtained from the commercial software which is only first-order accurate in time has clearly showed a temporal and spatial lag, verifying the need to use a higher order numerical scheme.     

Using a SVM to evaluate damage to vibration isolators in an elastic raft system

Predicting damage to vibration isolators in a raft experiencing heavy shock loadings from explosions is an important task when designing a raft system. It is also vital to be able to research the vulnerability of heavily shocked floating rafts unreliable, especially when the allowable values The conventional approach to prediction has been or ultimate values of vibration isolators of supposedly uniform standard in a raft actually have differing and uncertain values due to defective workmanship. A new model for predicting damage to vibration isolators in a shocked floating raft system is presented in this paper. It is based on a support vector machine（SVM）, which uses Artificial Intelligence to characterize complicated nonlinear mapping between the impacting environment and damage to the vibration isolators. The effectiveness of the new method for predicting damage was illustrated by numerical simulations, and shown to be effective when relevant parameters of the model were chosen reasonably. The effect determining parameters, including kernel function and penalty factors, has on prediction results is also discussed. It can be concluded that the SVM will probably become a valid tool to study damage or vulnerability in a shocked raft system.