城市中心区停车规划策略研究

中心区交通拥堵、停车困难是大城市普遍存在的问题,而调查发现中心区的停车设施利用率却普遍不高。该文从重庆观音桥商业中心区的停车现状着手,分析其存在的问题,提出了依托公共交通方式控制停车总量、利用外围停车引导车流、构建地下停车道路系统、建立停车信息系统等规划策略,并针对现状问题做出了具体的改善措施。该文对其他城市中心区的停车系统规划有一定的借鉴意义。     

旋喷桩在软土地区既有地下管线加固中的应用

对工程范围内的既有地下管线,一般应拆改、迁移,但当地下管线为大直径自来水管、高压输变电电缆等,且与居民正常生活、生产关系密切而无法拆改时,必须考虑对其进行就地加固。该文通过津汉公路一机场大道立交桥工程中既有地下管线加固的设计过程,介绍了一种滨海地区行之有效的保护既有地下管线的加固措施——旋喷桩,为旋喷桩在今后类似工程中的应用提供了参考。     

运用功率流方法对舰艇水下声辐射特性的研究

综合运用两种功率流方法对加装了隔振系统的简化潜艇模型进行分析,首先用导纳功率流法求出输入隔振器基座的归一化功率流,对由隔振器基座、艇体和辐射声空间组成的系统进行统计能量分析,求解出艇体的辐射功率,并通过数值分析研究了隔振装置性能参数对舰艇辐射功率的影响,提出了控制舰艇噪声辐射的一些基本原则.     

Pick‐up locations and bus allocation for transit‐based evacuation planning with demand uncertainty

This paper develops a decision‐support model for transit‐based evacuation planning under demand uncertainty. Demand uncertainty refers to the uncertainty associated with the number of transit‐dependent evacuees. A robust optimization model is proposed to determine the optimal pick‐up points for evacuees to assemble, and allocate available buses to transport the assembled evacuees between the pick‐up locations and different public shelters. The model is formulated as a mixed‐integer linear program and is solved via a cutting plane scheme. The numerical example based on the Sioux Falls network demonstrates that the robust plan yields lower total evacuation time and is reliable in serving the realized evacuee demand. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Application of particle swarm algorithm in the optimal allocation of regional water resources based on immune evolutionary algorithm

The optimal allocation model of regional water resources is built with the purpose of maximizing the comprehensive economic,social and environmental benefits of regional water consumption.In order to solve the problems that easily appear during the model solution of regional water resource optimal allocation with multiple water sources,multiple users and multiple objectives like＂curse of dimensionality＂or sinking into local optimum,this paper proposes a particle swarm optimization（PSO）algorithm based on immune evolutionary algorithm（IEA）.This algorithm introduces immunology principle into particle swarm algorithm.Its immune memorizing and self-adjusting mechanism is utilized to keep the particles in the fitness level at a certain concentration and guarantee the diversity of population.Also,the global search characteristics of IEA and the local search capacity of particle swarm algorithm have been fully utilized to overcome the dependence of PSO on initial swarm and the deficiency of vulnerability to local optimum.After applying this model to the allocation of water resources in Zhoukou,we obtain the scheme for optimization allocation of water resources in the planning level years,i.e.2015and 2025 under the guarantee rate of 50%.The calculation results indicate that the application of this algorithm to solve the issue of optimal allocation of regional water resources is reliable and reasonable.Thus it ofers a new idea for solving the issue of optimal allocation of water resources.     

重型柴油机燃用不同柴油替代燃料的性能研究

对乖型柴油机燃用纯柴油、体积混合比例为1:9的天然气合成油(GTL柴油)与柴油混合燃料(G10)、体积混合比例为1:9的生物柴油与柴油混合燃料(BD10)、纯GTL柴油(G100)及纯牛物柴油(BD100)5种燃料的动力性、经济性及燃烧特性进行了研究.结果表明,BD10、G10与纯柴油有相似的燃烧特性,额定转速F G100的缸内工作压力增大,BD100的缸内工作压力显著降低;G10油耗较之BD10降低2.43%,功率较之BD10平均高2.78%;与燃用纯柴油的油耗相比,G100平均降低2.62%,BD100平均高出13%;除NOx排放外,生物柴油在降低CO、HC、PM的排放上均有所改善.     

混合动力汽车镍氢电池组通风结构优化分析

对混合动力汽车现有的镍氢电池组的通风结构进行了研究,分析了不同电池模块配置方式对电池组冷却空气流场和温度场分布的影响.在现有的顺排和叉排的基础上提出了梯形排列,采用ANSYS CFX软件对不同排列进行了数值模拟,结果表明,梯形排列方式可以较好地改善电池组温度分布的均匀性.最后,设计了梯形排列电池组样机,并进行了充放电和温度测量试验,验证了数值仿真的结果.     

膜片弹簧的加工成本模型和概率优化的研究

以离合器膜片弹簧为例,对膜片弹簧加工成本模型进行了研究,对不同部位的加工,采用不同的加工成本与公差之间关系的模型;进而基于这些模型,结合零件的尺寸段及其加工精度,建立了膜片弹簧尺寸离散范围的概率优化模型,以膜片弹簧预期的合格率为约束,制造成本最低为目标,进行概率优化,最终得到在一个满足约束条件的合格率下,使相对加工成本最低的尺寸公差.     

整车半主动悬架滑模控制器的设计与仿真

基于滑模理论设计了7自由度的整车半主动悬架系统的滑模控制器。采用极点配置法进行切换超平面的设计,应用顺序启动递阶算法和等速趋近率法进行多变量滑模变结构控制器的设计和优化。研究了系统在随机激励条件下的车身加速度、俯仰角、侧倾角、俯仰角加速度、侧倾角加速度、悬架动行程和轮胎动位移等主要性能指标在时域上的控制效果,并对其进行了功率谱密度的仿真分析。结果表明:该滑模控制器性能稳定,控制后悬架各性能参数在时域和频域中均得到明显改善,证实了该滑模控制器设计的有效性。     

Electrogenerated chemiluminescence sensor for the determination of metoclopramide using ordered mesoporous carbon for immobilizing tris(2, 2'-bipyridyl) ruthenium

A novel electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) sensor for the determination of metoclopramide was developed by employing ruthenium complex as an ECL signal producer and an ordered mesoporous carbon (OMC) material as modified material. The ECL sensor was fabricated by adsorption ruthenium complex into a mixture of OMC and Nafion, which showed good electrochemical and ECL behaviors. It was found that the ECL intensity of the sensor fabricated was greatly enhanced in the presence of metoclopramide. Based on this finding, a highly sensitive and reproducible ECL method was developed for the determination of metoclopramide. The result showed that the ECL intensity was linear with the concentration of metoclopramide in the range from 1.0×10-10 to 5.0×10-7M and the detection limit was 3×10-11M. The ECL sensor exhibited a long-term stability and a fine reproducibility with relative standard deviation of 1.0 % for 1.0×10-10M metoclopramide in 18 continuous determinations. The developed method has been applied to the determination of metoclopramide in tablet samples with satisfactory results.