水利设施运行中水质污染的混沌非线性效应及控制方法

采用混沌非线性技术对水利设施运行造成的水质污染效应进行了分析,通过葛洲坝船闸运行实验结果发现,受影响的12 km长的河道水位变幅1.50 m,最大变幅时间11:00,16:00,20:00,22:00时.物理化学特性及主要污染物COD等在不同水域浓度差异极大,表现高浓度区远离污染源分布区,水体质量与河流水文期参数无明显变化,关系模糊,具有突变、约束、开放、自组织混沌非线性效应.应用耗散结构理论建立了水质污染非线性动力学模型,经实测验证误差为3%~6%.     

Energy-aware load-balaning fault-tolerant routing scheme for ad hoc sensor networks

Most routing protocols for sensor networks try to extend network lifetime by minimizing the energy consumption, but have not taken the network reliability into account. An energy-aware, load-balancing and fault-tolerant routing scheme, termed as ELFR was propsed to adapt to the harsh environment. First a network robustness model was presented. Based on this model, the route discovery phase was designed to make the sensors to construct into a hop-leveled network which is mesh structure. A cross-layer design was adopted to measure the transmission delay so as to detect the failed nodes. The routing scheme works with acknowledge （ACK） feedback mechanism to transfer control messages to avoid producing extra control overhead messages. When nodes fail, the new healthy paths will be selected locally without rerouting. Simulation results show that our scheme is much robust, and it achieves better energy efficiency, load balancing and maintains good end-to-end delay.     

基于Virtools的视景系统优化技术研究

提出在视景系统中实现的一种景物优化方法.根据细节层次技术原理,实时简化场景的多边形网格,将景物合理分类,对不同类型的景物相应采取了不同的优化策略.探讨了在Virtools Dev开发环境中应用基于渐进网格算法的实时连续LOD技术来解决这一问题的方法和策略,并利用开发平台软件包Virtools Dev的SDK,开发出了一种基于视距的LOD行为模块型控件,作为对Vir-tools Dev集成的几种LOD技术的有力补充.     

A data model applied to the knowledge-based ICAS

Image-guided computer aided surgery system (ICAS) contributes to safeness and success of surgery operations by means of displaying anatomical structures and showing correlative information to surgeons in the process of operation. Based on analysis of requirements for ICAS, a new concept of clinical knowledge-based ICAS was proposed. Designing a reasonable data structure model is essential for realizing this new concept. The traditional data structure is limited in expressing and reusing the clinical knowledge such as locating an anatomical object, topological relations of anatomical objects and correlative clinical attributes. A data structure model called mixed adjacency lists by octree-path-chain (MALOC) was outlined, which can combine patient's images with clinical knowledge, as well as efficiently locate the instrument and search the objects' information. The efficiency of data structures was analyzed and experimental results were given in comparison to other traditional data structures. The result of the nasal surgery experiment proves that MALOC is a proper model for clinical knowledge-based ICAS that has advantages in not only locating the operative instrument precisely but also proving surgeons with real-time operation-correlative information. It is shown that the clinical knowledge-based ICAS with MALOC model has advantages in terms of safety and success of surgical operations, and help in accurately locating the operative instrument and providing operation-correlative knowledge and information to surgeons in the process of operations.     

TNFα、Leptin-Rb、NF-κB和PPAR-γ在酒精性肝病大鼠肝细胞中的表达

目的 探讨TNFα、NF-κB、Leptin-Rb和PPAR-γ等在大鼠酒精性肝病中与肝组织炎症、坏死和纤维化的关系.方法 胃造瘘法建立长期大鼠酒精性肝病模型,分别在第4、8、12、24和52周用免疫组化、原位杂交和RT-PCR技术检测不同阶段大鼠肝组织中TNFα、NF-κB、PPAR-γ和Leptin-Rb等的表达.结果 TNFα、NF-κB和Leptin-Rb水平在模型组大鼠肝细胞中,第8周表达逐渐增强,第24周起高水平表达一直持续至52周(P<0.01).PPAR-γ在对照组和第4、8周模型组肝细胞中表达最强,第12周表达开始减弱.TNFα和NF-κB在肝细胞中的表达呈明显正相关关系,与PPAR-γ则呈负相关关系(P<0.01).结论 TNFα和NF-κB与肝细胞病变程度有很好的一致性关系,Leptin-Rb在肝细胞的表达与肝纤维化发展相一致,PPAR-γ则刚好相反.     

2型糖尿病患者一级亲属正常糖代谢人群胰岛素抵抗分析

目的探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者糖耐量正常的一级亲属胰岛β细胞功能及胰岛素抵抗情况,并分析胰岛素抵抗的相关因素。方法选取T2DM患者糖耐量正常的一级亲属63例,根据胰岛素抵抗指数分为胰岛素抵抗组及非抵抗组;选取30例健康体检者作为正常对照组。对所选的93例对象进行血压、血糖、胰岛素、血脂的测定,并计算稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)及胰岛β细胞功能指数(HOMA-β)。结果①糖尿病患者一级亲属组与对照组相比,胰岛素水平、HOMA-IR、HOMA-β明显升高(P<0.05);②胰岛素抵抗组体质指数、舒张压、甘油三酯、餐后血糖、HOMA-β明显高于胰岛素非抵抗组(P<0.05);③相关分析示胰岛素抵抗与体质指数、舒张压、甘油三酯、餐后胰岛素呈正相关(P<0.01,P<0.05),与空腹血糖、餐后血糖、空腹胰岛素、收缩压、胆固醇无显著相关性(P>0.05)。结论T2DM患者一级亲属存在胰岛β细胞代偿性的高分泌,早期已经出现胰岛素敏感性的下降和胰岛素抵抗。胰岛素抵抗与体重增加、舒张压升高及甘油三酯的升高有关。提示对糖尿病患者一级亲属应严格控制体重、血压及血脂,对减少T2DM具有积极意义。     

不同老化条件对沥青性能的影响

沥青老化是影响沥青路面使用性能的重要因素。沥青老化与时间、光照及温度等因素有密切关系,该文采用室内薄膜烘箱试验（TFOT）、旋转薄膜烘箱试验（RTFOT）以及压力老化试验（PAV）来模拟沥青的短期老化和长期老化。通过旋转粘度试验（Brookfield）、动态剪切试验（DSR）、低温弯曲流变梁试验（BBR）得到了不同老化条件下沥青的高温黏度、G^＊/Sinδ指标及低温性能的变化规律。     

优化查询的数据库非规范化设计

数据库系统的实际应用更注重查询性能,为满足其性能要求,在简单介绍数据库设计的规范化理论及其意义的基础上,提出能满足数据库的完整性和一致性要求的非规范化设计的基本思想和技术,并在教务和资产管理系统中得到应用,取得良好效果。     

清初福建赶缯战船复原研究

古代的福船究竟是什么样子?怎样建造起来的?又是如何操控驾驶?<钦定福建省外海战船则例>和<闽省水师各标镇协营战哨船只图说>是记载清初水师战船建造工料定额的官方文件,这两册古籍的发现、解读和研究,以及沿用福建传统造船法式对其中一款赶缯战船进行复原建造实验,从造船技术史角度初步解开了清初福建外海赶缯战船的船型与建造技术之谜.     

高速船舶操纵及碰撞危险分析

内河航运船舶正向高速化、大型化发展,为正确判断内河船舶航行所面临的碰撞危险,减少因人为失误引起的内河船舶碰撞事故,通过对高速船舶操纵性及受内河航道限制影响的船舶碰撞危险进行分析,建立内河船舶碰撞危险综合评判模型,并运用模糊理论方法对船舶碰撞危险进行综合评判.仿真结果表明,采用所提出的模型对内河船舶碰撞危险进行评判,较好地反映了内河船舶碰撞危险的实际情况.