全新视角高速公路施工中的3D路面摊铺施工技术研究

路面摊铺施工作业是一个高度动态的过程, 施工过程管控极为复杂, 如何应用先进的技术手段实时的对摊铺施工过程进行有效管控, 已成为现代化施工管理人员的共识。 文章通过宁波舟山港主通道项目现场路面摊铺的实际应用, 获取了大量的现场摊铺施工数据, 对采用徕卡 3D 路面摊铺施工技术与传统施工技术在施工工艺、 精度、 质量等方面用全新视角看过程理论进行施工整体评价。     

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为识别区域综合交通系统能耗驱动因子,测算其对系统能耗的贡献度,将驱动因素分为规模效应、结构效应和技术效应,采用ASIF数据构造原理和时序列回归法识别各因子的相关性,运用迪氏分解方法建立扩展LMDI分解模型,计算各因子能耗贡献度.计算表明,规模效应和技术效应的影响程度在逐渐减弱,结构效应的影响程度在逐渐增加;运输结构还需要进一步优化,对系统能耗的影响还有很大下降空间;近年来能耗效率已经得到很大提高,但能耗效率对能耗的贡献正在逐渐减弱,未来提高运输强度对降低能耗有明显效果.经实证检验,计算模型可靠、结论可信,能为区域综合低碳交通政策制定提供更科学的依据.     

Joint Tomlinson-Harashima source and linear relay precoder design in amplify-and-forward multiple-input multiple-output two-way relay systems

Existing minimum-mean-squared-error (MMSE) transceiver designs in amplified-and-forward (AF) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) two-way relay systems all assume a linear precoder at the sources. Nonlinear source precoders in such a system have not been considered yet. In this paper, we study the joint design of source Tomlinson-Harashima precoders (THPs), relay linear precoder and MMSE receivers in two-way relay systems. This joint design problem is a highly nonconvex optimization problem. By dividing the original problem into three sub-problems, we propose an iterative algorithm to optimize precoders and receivers. The convergence of the algorithm is ensured since the updated solution is optimal to each sub-problem. Numerical simulation results show that the proposed iterative algorithm outperforms other algorithms in the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) region.     

保障高原军用公路畅通手段的探讨

阐述了影响高原军用公路安全的各种主要自然灾害类型与形成的原因和特点,从工程技术方面提出了泥石流、滑坡、溜砂、水毁的防治方案与对策,并从Et常管理方面对保障高原军用公路畅通的各种手段进行了探讨。有助于高原军用公路保持通畅状态。     

基于DEFORM的空压机曲轴圆角滚压过程仿真与分析

应用DEFORM软件对曲轴滚压模型进行滚压过程的数值模拟,研究在滚压过程中危险部位的滚压应力和残余情况,以及滚压参数(滚压圈数、滚压速度、滚轮半径等)对残余应力的影响;接着对曲轴模型进行疲劳强度分析,研究其在受载情况下轴颈部位的应力变化情况。研究表明:圆角滚压技术是提高曲轴疲劳强度最有效的方法,不仅可以降低曲轴表面粗糙度、提高硬度,还可以减少应力集中、降低成本、提高生产效率。     

价值工程在工程设计方案优选中的应用

建设项目投资控制贯穿于工程建设全过程,设计阶段是全过程投资控制的关键环节。在工程设计方案优选中引入价值工程理论,并指出价值工程分析的不确定性,应用灰色关联分析理论改进价值工程,使工程造价、使用成木及建筑产品功能匹配合理,有效降低建设投资。     

城市道路指路标志标准化设计实践——以宁波市为例

为了向交通参与者提供准确、及时的路径引导信息,城市道路指路标志在版面设计、点位设置、信息选取与表达等方面应形成一个标准化的设计体系。宁波市在城市道路指路标志设计实践中,通过解读现有国家规范,结合宁波市实际路网、交通特性,对指路标志的版面形式、点位设置、标志套用等作了细化规定。在指路信息选取上,通过统筹道路、桥梁、交通枢纽、主要地区、旅游景区等各类交通信息,构建了指路标志的信息层级体系,并设定了信息的分层表达规则,以保障交通信息传递的有效性、连贯性和层次性。     

What determines commute time choices? A structural equation modelling approach

Abstract

Many researchers have been attracted by the phenomenon of constant travel time, and the time spent on travel has been an important indicator of understanding travellers’ behaviours. This paper is based on a survey conducted in a university in London which includes both objective and subjective variables in relation to commute time and some demographic characteristics. Two conceptual structural models are examined in order to explore the factors determining travellers’ choices. Results of the analysis reveal some interesting relationships: (1) a positive relationship between age and commute time; (2) females are more likely to read or listen to music during their journeys, and their ideal commute time (ICT) and current commute time (CCT) generally tend to be longer; (3) academic staff tend to have the habit of working during their commute, administrative staff tend to commute longer while students tend to spend a shorter time commuting; (4) normally, a habit while travelling is significantly associated with CCT; those with a habit of reading or working during their commute journey tend to have longer commute times and (5) the relationship between CCT and commuters’ ICT and tolerable commute time is positive; both hypothesised causal relationships are significant so that a loop is formed between subjective and objective variables, and thus a dynamic modelling process could be envisaged as temporal sequences of those variables.     

抗滑桩在路堤滑移处治中的应用

文章以六寨至河池高速公路№3标K17+390～K17+590段路基滑移治理工程为例,分析了该路段路堤滑移的主要成因,阐述了抗滑桩在治路堤滑移治理中的应用方法,对类似工程具有借鉴意义。     

GM模型和Markov模型在公路客运量预测中的综合运用

文章在应用灰色理论构建的GM预测模型基础上,以Markov模型为修正方法,建立GM—Markov模型,并以陕西省2003—2012年公路客运量为基础数据对上述理论进行实例验证。结果表明：与实际客运量相比,GM模型的相对误差为11．08％,而GM—Markov模型的相对误差仅为5．61％,GM—Markov模型拟合精度较高,更加贴近实际情况。