深水半潜式生产储油平台系泊锚机电控系统设计及应用

系泊锚机是1500m深水半潜式生产储油平台的关键装备之一,其电控系统要求可靠性高、布置紧凑、智能化水平高.文章通过分析深水半潜式生产储油平台系泊系统组成、锚机的结构、电控系统所要求功能,划分出功能模块,选择可编程逻辑控制器(PLC)及现场总线的技术思路,进行设备布置、网络架构、硬软件的选择,设计出一套电控系统,实现了系...     

车辆磁流变减振器温度特性的试验研究

对车辆磁流变减振器的温度特性测试装置、引用标准以及温度性能测试进行研究。结果表明,磁流变减振器在-40～120℃温度范围内具有良好的F-S示功性能。     

大断面浅埋土质隧道施工工法优化分析

为探明大断面浅埋土质隧道在不同施工工法开挖下的变形及支护力学响应特征,寻求适用的工法,以宁安铁路钟鸣1号隧道工程为依托,采取现场试验与数值模拟相结合的方法,研究该类隧道在3种不同工法下的洞周及地表变形、围岩塑性区分布范围、初期支护及二次衬砌内力变化规律。研究结果表明：大断面浅埋土质隧道围岩变形有明显的空间效应,开挖面处预收敛变形所占比例约40%-50%;CRD法与六步CD法施工在控制洞周及地表变形方面明显优于三台阶临时仰拱法,且开挖产生的围岩塑性区分布范围小,两者均能满足围岩及支护稳定性的要求,而CRD法较六步CD法施工工期稍长、造价稍高,因此六步CD法为该类地层隧道施工的优选工法。     

中国机动化发展特征与政策研究

为优化城市机动化发展模式与路径,首先从机动化的目的和效应两个方面界定了机动化内涵,分析了个体机动化和公共机动化两类模式特征及相应的衡量指标。然后,应用历史数据研究了中国汽车产业政策、道路运输市场政策和城市交通政策与机动化发展历程的关系。研究结果表明,个体机动化政策效果明显优于公共机动化政策,发挥效应时间为1-2年,非机动交通政策对个体与公共机动化模式都有重要影响。最后,针对中国机动化发展在能源、环境、交通等方面的制约,提出了统筹制定产业发展政策、合理制定城市交通发展政策、把握公共机动化政策推行时机和优化非机动交通政策四个方面的建议。     

NA1型运输卡车专用车的研制

阐述了NA₁型运输卡车专用车的主要用途、特点、技术参数、结构及试验情况。该车具有良好的综合技术经济性,拓展了铁路汽车物流市场。     

The relationship between transportation vulnerability,school attendance,and free transportation to an afterschool program for youth

Transportation - Transportation vulnerability, defined as lack of access to transportation resulting in financial, social, or health consequences, reduces quality of life. While research has...     

A Review of Beach Bye-Law Usage in Supporting Coastal Management in Ireland

Coastal areas are commonly the focus of a range of human activities and uses. Beaches are one example of multi-use coastal environments, accommodating activities linked to leisure and recreation, amenity, conservation and business, often simultaneously. Ireland is no different in this regard, as its beach resources provide a range of goods and services of societal value. Ireland has 16 coastal counties and their associated local authorities have a beach management remit, a role that can present a number of challenges. The use of beach bye-laws is one option to support management of beach environments by local authorities. Local authority personnel tasked with beach management from each coastal local authority were surveyed to assess the actual and potential role of beach bye-laws in contributing to more effective management of beach environments and to broader coastal management. Usage of beach bye-laws varied across local authority areas and evidence suggested that the efficacy, use, and implementation of beach bye-laws differed from county to county. Beach bye-laws offer potential but interaction with other initiatives as part of a wider program for coastal management may yield improved results.     

Comparing Fisher Interviews,Logbooks, and Catch Landings Estimates of Extraction Rates in a Small-Scale Fishery

Researchers are turning to alternative data sources (e.g., resource user knowledge) to provide information required for wildlife management. Little is known about the reliability of data elicited from resource users relative to data obtained from user-independent approaches (e.g., observations of fish catches). We test for consensus among three methods that quantify past (1996 to 2007) seahorse catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) for a small-scale, data-poor fishery in the Philippines: interviews with fishers about good, bad, and typical catch; fisher logbooks; and observations of catch landings. Interviews and logbooks indicated no trends in CPUE through time, consistent with results from the fisher-independent metric, catch landings. Although interview estimates of “typical” CPUE greatly exceeded “typical” observed catches and logbook estimates, interview estimates of “bad” CPUE were comparable. Catch landings estimates for a fisher in a particular year were uncorrelated to what he reported during retrospective interviews. Interviews should be used cautiously to inform specific catch targets (e.g., total allowable catches), although including interview questions about a range of catch experiences (e.g., good, bad and typical), may improve interview-derived data. Logbooks are particularly useful for capturing information about fishing expeditions that produce no fish, which are largely missed by other methods.     

A fuzzy logic-genetic algorithm approach to modelling public transport users’ risk-taking behaviour

This paper seeks to determine the effects of uncertainty in out-of-vehicle times on route choice. Data were collected at two key interchanges in Auckland, New Zealand. Previous work modelled the data using a manual approach to fuzzy logic. This study extends that work by automating the process through defining a black-box function to match the survey data, then employing a genetic algorithm to fine-tune the fuzzy logic model. Results show that automation and the genetic algorithm improve the model’s capability to more accurately predict ridership. The tuning of the membership functions is conducted twice, first using initial fuzzy rules and again after the fuzzy rules have been adjusted to reduce disparity between the output and survey data. The calibrated membership functions provided for operational (transfer waiting and walking time and delay) and physical attributes (safety and seat availability) can be used by practitioners to determine an estimated ridership.     

唐山港曹妃甸港区矿石码头三期工程码头平面布置

针对曹妃甸矿石码头三期工程,通过数学模型和物理模型试验,合理确定码头方位和长度。并针对船舶横移量较大的问题,对系缆墩的布置进行优化,减少了风、浪、流组合作用下船舶运动量对装卸作业的影响,且缆绳的受力更加均匀。