全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3522篇 |
免费 | 14篇 |
专业分类
公路运输 | 819篇 |
综合类 | 940篇 |
水路运输 | 969篇 |
铁路运输 | 147篇 |
综合运输 | 661篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 11篇 |
2022年 | 38篇 |
2021年 | 24篇 |
2020年 | 14篇 |
2019年 | 14篇 |
2018年 | 369篇 |
2017年 | 331篇 |
2016年 | 369篇 |
2015年 | 26篇 |
2014年 | 33篇 |
2013年 | 127篇 |
2012年 | 174篇 |
2011年 | 410篇 |
2010年 | 383篇 |
2009年 | 137篇 |
2008年 | 307篇 |
2007年 | 203篇 |
2006年 | 84篇 |
2005年 | 116篇 |
2004年 | 56篇 |
2003年 | 60篇 |
2002年 | 27篇 |
2001年 | 18篇 |
2000年 | 21篇 |
1999年 | 10篇 |
1998年 | 20篇 |
1997年 | 8篇 |
1996年 | 9篇 |
1995年 | 19篇 |
1994年 | 4篇 |
1993年 | 11篇 |
1991年 | 8篇 |
1990年 | 2篇 |
1989年 | 5篇 |
1988年 | 3篇 |
1987年 | 5篇 |
1986年 | 5篇 |
1985年 | 12篇 |
1984年 | 8篇 |
1983年 | 7篇 |
1982年 | 5篇 |
1981年 | 8篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1978年 | 7篇 |
1977年 | 3篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1975年 | 4篇 |
1973年 | 5篇 |
1972年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有3536条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
111.
The robustness of questionnaire results to various forms of bias are explored in the context of a dual-mode (web and hardcopy)
survey of employers’ anticipations of levels of employee commuting and business travel activity under a range of future ICT
scenarios. The questionnaire incorporated several innovative features which, together with the dual-mode format, allowed an
unusually wide range of analyses. For example: the robustness of respondents’ opinions was tested by examining the effect
of incorporating alternative versions of a briefing text, one being very positive and one very negative, about the role of
ICT; instrument bias was identified via detailed comparison of the results from the two versions of the questionnaire; and
the impact of exogenous factors which are often ignored or taken as constant was assessed via special supplementary questions.
Analysis showed that the robustness of opinions and expectations varied and was influenced by respondent characteristics,
and that results from the two versions of the questionnaire differed significantly. It is concluded that opinions and expectations
are less robust, and questionnaire results are more subject to bias and myopic interpretation, than is generally recognised
and that web-based surveys seem particularly vulnerable to sampling bias. Methods are suggested for measuring robustness,
for reducing bias and for validating and contextualising results. The use of contrasting briefing texts is recommended as
a means of establishing the robustness of opinions and expectations while supplementary questions are recommended for validating
and contextualising SP and SE exercises.
Peter Bonsall Professor of Transport Planning at the Institute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds. His research interests include: use of innovative data sources, microsimulation, multi-criteria appraisal of policy interventions, travellers’ perception of modal attributes, their ability to cope with uncertainty and complexity and their response to new information and charges. Jeremy Shires Senior Research Fellow at the Institute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds. His research interests include behavioural modelling, the impact of “soft factors” on travel, stated preference design and public transport demand modelling. 相似文献
Peter BonsallEmail: |
Peter Bonsall Professor of Transport Planning at the Institute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds. His research interests include: use of innovative data sources, microsimulation, multi-criteria appraisal of policy interventions, travellers’ perception of modal attributes, their ability to cope with uncertainty and complexity and their response to new information and charges. Jeremy Shires Senior Research Fellow at the Institute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds. His research interests include behavioural modelling, the impact of “soft factors” on travel, stated preference design and public transport demand modelling. 相似文献
112.
Lidia P. Kostyniuk 《Transportation》2009,36(6):641-642
113.
Developing an enhanced weight-based topological map-matching algorithm for intelligent transport systems 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Nagendra R. Velaga Mohammed A. Quddus Abigail L. Bristow 《Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies》2009,17(6):672-683
Map-matching (MM) algorithms integrate positioning data from a Global Positioning System (or a number of other positioning sensors) with a spatial road map with the aim of identifying the road segment on which a user (or a vehicle) is travelling and the location on that segment. Amongst the family of MM algorithms consisting of geometric, topological, probabilistic and advanced, topological MM (tMM) algorithms are relatively simple, easy and quick, enabling them to be implemented in real-time. Therefore, a tMM algorithm is used in many navigation devices manufactured by industry. However, existing tMM algorithms have a number of limitations which affect their performance relative to advanced MM algorithms. This paper demonstrates that it is possible by addressing these issues to significantly improve the performance of a tMM algorithm. This paper describes the development of an enhanced weight-based tMM algorithm in which the weights are determined from real-world field data using an optimisation technique. Two new weights for turn-restriction at junctions and link connectivity are introduced to improve the performance of matching, especially at junctions. A new procedure is developed for the initial map-matching process. Two consistency checks are introduced to minimise mismatches. The enhanced map-matching algorithm was tested using field data from dense urban areas and suburban areas. The algorithm identified 96.8% and 95.93% of the links correctly for positioning data collected in urban areas of central London and Washington, DC, respectively. In case of suburban area, in the west of London, the algorithm succeeded with 96.71% correct link identification with a horizontal accuracy of 9.81 m (2σ). This is superior to most existing topological MM algorithms and has the potential to support the navigation modules of many Intelligent Transport System (ITS) services. 相似文献
114.
Katharina ParryMartin L. Hazelton 《Transportation Research Part B: Methodological》2012,46(1):175-188
Estimation of origin-destination (OD) matrices from link count data is a challenging problem because of the highly indeterminate relationship between the observations and the latent route flows. Conversely, estimation is straightforward if we observe the path taken by each vehicle. We consider an intermediate problem of increasing practical importance, in which link count data is supplemented by routing information for a fraction of vehicles on the network. We develop a statistical model for these combined data sources and derive some tractable normal approximations thereof. We examine likelihood-based inference for these normal models under the assumption that the probability of vehicle tracking is known. We show that the likelihood theory can be non-standard because of boundary effects, and provide conditions under which such irregular behaviour will be observed in practice. For regular cases we outline connections with existing generalised least squares methods. We then consider estimation of OD matrices under estimated and/or misspecified models for the probability of vehicle tracking. Theoretical developments are complemented by simulation experiments and an illustrative example using a section of road network from the English city of Leicester. 相似文献
115.
Julie Paquette François Bellavance Jean-François Cordeau Gilbert Laporte 《Transportation》2012,39(3):539-564
In many countries, dial-a-ride services are provided by public authorities to elderly and handicapped people who cannot use
regular transit. Cost minimization is key to running these services, but one can observe a growing interest in quality measurement
and improvement. A first step in improving quality is to define a quality measurement scale specific to dial-a-ride services.
A second step is to incorporate quality measurements in mathematical models that serve as a basis for optimization algorithms.
To this end, an extensive survey of dial-a-ride users was conducted in Longueuil, the largest suburb of Montreal, Canada.
This paper describes the steps of the survey and presents its main conclusions: (1) 56 attributes were identified based on
interviews, (2) the questionnaire developed has proved to be reliable and valid, (3) an exploratory factor analysis allowed
us to determine 13 dimensions of quality in dial-a-ride services, (4) the most important criteria for users were identified,
and (5) population segmenting variables by which subgroups of users can be categorized were also determined. Managerial implications
of our results are also discussed. 相似文献
116.
Guro Persdotter Fjeld Sturle Danielsen Tvedt Helle Oltedal 《WMU Journal of Maritime Affairs》2018,17(4):475-495
The present review examines the research literature on Non-Technical Skills (NTS) used by ships’ bridge officers in connection with navigation. The aim of the study was to (i) identify the cognitive and interpersonal skills which have been the focus of previous studies and (ii) explore how the content of these skills has been described. Databases searched included Academic Search Premier, PsycINFO, Science Direct, and Web of Science. Nineteen studies were included in the review. Five NTS were identified: situation awareness (SA), decision-making (DM), workload management (WM), communication, and leadership. In addition to discussing each skill, the review raises four overarching issues with the present literature for the bridge domain: (1) Have all the relevant skills been subject to exploration? (2) Have the skills identified been explored in detail? (3) There seems to be an uneven distribution of research between cognitive and interpersonal skills. (4) There is little research into understanding the skills as a complete taxonomy. Knowledge on how the skills are linked and interplay with one another is incomplete. Overall, further research on all these aspects of NTS in the maritime domain could increase scientific understanding and contribute to bridge operational practice and to the further development and evaluation of NTS training such as Bridge Resource Management (BRM). 相似文献
117.
Peggy Shu-Ling Chen Stephen Cahoon Hilary Pateman Prashant Bhaskar Grace Wang James Parsons 《WMU Journal of Maritime Affairs》2018,17(2):267-292
The maritime industry underpins international business and world trade. As to be expected, business management is critical for the maritime industry, requiring highly trained individuals and teams to lead the development, implementation and control of sound contemporary management practices. Maritime business degrees are developed by universities to meet such demand by providing graduates with sufficient skills for the onshore business-related roles. This empirical study conducted in Australia, USA and Canada, investigates current and future industry employability skills for maritime business graduates through focus groups, individual interviews and an online survey with senior managers in maritime organisations. This study found the important employability skills for maritime business graduates which include communication, problem solving, adaptability, self-management, team work, and digital literacy and technology. Demand for digital literacy and technology knowledge and skills have increased due to the maritime industry having a trend of moving towards digitalisation and automation. However, the survey findings revealed that a skills focus for maritime business graduates will not be the technology itself but the use and management of technology. In relation to future skills/knowledge required from maritime business degree graduates in 10 years’ time, communication and adaptability are recognised as being the most important. Employers expect that maritime business graduates should be able to adopt new technology and be competent in communication, and be more adaptable given the highly dynamic nature of the maritime industry. Moreover, they require graduates to be equipped with a higher level of computer skills, have a strong work ethic and multilingual skills. 相似文献
118.
119.
Seyed Masoud Mahmoudof Peyman Badiei Seyed Mostafa Siadatmousavi Vahid Chegini 《船舶与海洋工程学报》2018,17(1):140-151
This study evaluates the capability of the Simulating WAves Nearshore (SWAN) wave model (version 41.01) in predicting significant wave height and spectral peak energy content for swell waves in very shallow water of surf zone during depth-induced wave breaking and dissipation. The model results were compared with field measurements at five nearshore stations. The results demonstrated that some breaker index formulations were successful for significant wave height prediction in surf zones. However, an incorrect shape of the energy spectrum and overestimated near spectral peak energy content at shallow water stations were obtained using all of the embedded depth-induced wave breaking formulations in SWAN. The dependent breaker index on relative depth (Kpd) formulation, which was successful in predicting near spectral peak energy content, resulted in an average error of 30%. Finally, this formulation was modified to enhance the model performance in reproducing the spectral peak energy content. 相似文献
120.
A numerical study of ship-to-ship interaction forces is performed using a commercial CFD code, and the results are compared with experimental data and with the results of a panel method analysis. Two ship models have been used in the interaction forces analysis: a tug and a tanker, advancing parallel to each other with different lateral distances and two different values of the fluid depth. Computations are carried out with four different flow models: inviscid and viscous flow with the free surface modeled as a rigid wall and inviscid and viscous flow with the deformable free surface. A fair agreement was obtained with available experimental data and results obtained by panel method. The influence of viscosity in the computations is found to be comparatively weak, while the wavemaking effects may be important, at small magnitude of the horizontal clearance. 相似文献