THE EFFECT OF RT-PA ALONE AND IN COMBINATION WITH THROMBIN INHIBITORS IN A MODEL OF CEREBROVASCULAR THROMBOSIS IN THE RABBIT

Occlusivevasculardisorders,bothvenousandarterial,aresomeofthemostcommoncausesofmorbidityandmortalityindevelopedcountries.Theaimoftherapyinsuchconditionsis,firstly,torestoreandmaintainbloodflowtotheaffectedtissueororgan,andsecondly,torestorethesystemtothenormalhaemostaticstatewithoutovercompensatingandproducingcomplicationssuchashaemorrhage.Thrombolyticagents,suchasrecombinanttissueplasminogenactivator(rt-PA),arewidelyusedinthetreatmentofpatientswithacutemyocardialinfarction.However,successful…     

A dispatching decision support system for countering delay propagation in intermodal logistics networks

This paper specifies a dispatching decision support system devoted to managing intermodal logistics operations while countering delay and delay propagation. When service disruptions occur within a logistics network where schedule coordination is employed, a dispatching control model determines through an optimization process whether each ready outbound vehicle should be dispatched immediately or held to wait for some late incoming vehicles. Decisions should consider potential missed-connection costs that may occur not only at the next transfer terminals but also at hubs located further downstream. Numerical examples and a sensitivity analysis with different slack time settings for attenuating delay propagation are presented.     

Capacity investment model for airport facilities under demand uncertainty

This paper addresses strategic airport facility planning under demand uncertainty. Existing studies are improved by (1) allowing capacity contraction and (2) adopting more flexible delay functions. A mixed‐integer nonlinear program, which incorporates scale economies in construction, time value of money, nonlinear congestion effect, and other factors, is proposed for optimizing the capacity expansion/contraction decisions over time for multiple airport components. The stochastic problem is converted into its deterministic equivalent because the number of demand scenarios considered is finite. A discrete approximation technique is used to remove the nonlinearities. Numerical studies are presented to demonstrate the capability of the proposed model and the computational efficiency of the solution method. The “Flaw of Averages” due to faulty decisions based on the average future condition is illustrated, and trade‐offs among various costs are discussed in the numerical analyses. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Risk factors and theory building: a study to improve passenger vessel safety

Given the inherent complexity of the maritime transportation system, developing effective policy can be challenging. Using risk factors identified by an elicitation and aggregation of expert judgment, a relative-risk rating scheme was developed in the theory-building tradition of the social sciences. The model was empirically evaluated using 18 months of data from the US small passenger vessel sector. The model identified that the top 10% of relatively highest risk vessels accounted for 50% of all marine casualties during the period of examination. A policy for deploying the model nationally is proposed.     

Modelling port choice in an uncertain environment

Port choice is an important issue to be investigated to ensure the effective integration of container supply chains and the sustainable development of regional economy. The selection of appropriate ports to facilitate shipping activities and international trade is crucial for many stakeholders, including shipping lines, port administrators, cargo shippers and national governments. The task is essentially a process of multiple criterion decision-making (MCDM) under uncertainty, requiring analysts to derive rational decisions from uncertain and incomplete data related to different quantitative and qualitative determinants. This paper aims at proposing a new conceptual port choice method by explaining the role fuzzy logic in evidential reasoning in a complementary way, in which various forms of raw data (either objective or subjective) collected to evaluate port performance can first be converted into and presented as fuzzy grades defined using linguistics terms with degrees of belief (DoBs) and second be combined using evidential reasoning to produce a port choice preference score. The method is applied to analyse the selection of major Northeast Asian (NEA) container ports from a shipping line’s perspective. The outcome, a port choice preference score, is calculated using evidential reasoning to directly synthesize the true estimation of the port with respect to each criterion and therefore, unlike a relative ranking index, keeps the ‘goodness’ of port evaluation, capable of benchmarking a specific port’s performance and monitoring the increase of its competitiveness in a longitude study with respect to an individual criterion or all the criteria as a whole.     

共用车公司的新点子

共用车汽车租赁已经吸引了数以万计的城市青年加入拼车一族.如今,这场运动正在成为当下汽车消费的主流--就连赫兹租车和福特汽车也想参与其中.     

An examination of factors affecting propensities to use bicycle and pedestrian facilities in suburban locations

The US federal Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality program was created to fund transportation projects that have the potential to contribute to the attainment or maintenance of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards. This study evaluates a random sample of eight suburban bicycle and pedestrian facilities funded by the Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality Program in the Chicago metro area. Users of these facilities were randomly sampled using a “time-based” user sampling approach and surveyed in intercept mode to implement a recall-based evaluation design. A random intercept logit model was used to explain variations in the propensity to switch from single occupant vehicle use to bicycling or walking, using attributes of users and sites. The analysis shows relatively low usage levels but that substitution of motorized modes have resulted, potentially leading to improved air quality outcomes.     

Effectiveness of roadside crash countermeasures

In this article, an "intelligent" airline seat inventory control system is developed. Applications of the system are considered for both nonstop flights and flights with stopovers. The system developed is able to recognize a situation characterized by the number of reservations made by individual passenger classes and the number of canceled reservations at a certain moment in time before departure. The system can also make the appropriate decision without knowing the functional relationships in effect between individual variables. As in other intelligent systems, the "intelligent" airline seat inventory control system proposed here is able to generalize, adapt and learn based on new knowledge and new information. The "intelligent" airline seat inventory control system is based on fuzzy logic. The system makes on-line decisions as to whether to accept or reject any passenger request using established fuzzy rules. The "intelligent" system's results are compared with those of the EMSR model for nonstop flights. The results for flights with stopovers are compared with those obtained using integer programming. The final conclusions are very promising.     

External Costs of Domestic Container Transportation: Short‐Sea Shipping versus Trucking in Taiwan

Abstract

This paper explores the external costs of domestic container transportation in Taiwan by analysing the origin and destination of current container cargoes. After reviewing an extensive literature survey of methods of external cost, a comparison of external costs between trucking and short sea shipping (SSS) by corridor is made by using a model developed in this paper. Based on the findings that external costs of SSS are considerably lower than truck transport and can be a viable alternative to current domestic container cargo transportation, we discuss the significance and managerial implications of SSS from the perspective of green logistics. In so doing, a top‐down approach is employed for developing government policies, which aim to not only reduce the external costs of domestic container transportation but also promote SSS in Taiwan.