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161.
Parviz?GhadimiEmail author Alireza?Bolghasi Mohammad?A.?Feizi Chekab Rahim?Zamanian 《船舶与海洋工程学报》2015,14(3):334-342
It is the traditional belief that sound transmission from water to the air is very weak due to a large contrast between air and water impedances. Recently, the enhanced sound transmission and anomalous transparency of air-water interface have been introduced. Anomalous transparency of air-water interface states that the sound generated by a submerged shallow depth monopole point source localized at depths less than 1/10 sound wavelength, can be transmitted into the air with omni-directional pattern. The generated sound has 35 times higher power compared to the classical ray theory prediction. In this paper, sound transmission through air-water interface for a localized underwater shallow depth source is examined. To accomplish this, two-phase coupled Helmholtz wave equations in two-phase media of air-water are solved by the commercial finite element based COMSOL Multiphysics software. Ratios of pressure amplitudes of different sound sources in two different underwater and air coordinates are computed and analyzed against non-dimensional ratio of the source depth (D) to the sound wavelength (λ). The obtained results are compared with the experimental data and good agreement is displayed. 相似文献
162.
Air separators provide safe, clean, and appropriate air flow to engines and are widely used in vehicles with large engines such as ships and submarines. In this operational study, the separation process inside a Ranque–Hilsch vortex tube cleaning (cooling) system is investigated to analyze the impact of the operating gas type on the vortex tube performance; the operating gases used are air, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide and nitrogen dioxide. The computational fluid dynamic model used is equipped with a three-dimensional structure, and the steady-state condition is applied during computations. The standard k–ε turbulence model is employed to resolve nonlinear flow equations, and various key parameters, such as hot and cold exhaust thermal drops, and power separation rates, are described numerically. The results show that nitrogen dioxide creates the greatest separation power out of all gases tested, and the numerical results are validated by good agreement with available experimental data. In addition, a comparison is made between the use of two different boundary conditions, the pressure-far-field and the pressure-outlet, when analyzing complex turbulent flows inside the air separators. Results present a comprehensive and practical solution for use in future numerical studies. 相似文献
163.
Lakshitha?T.?Premathilake Poojitha?D.?YapaEmail author Indrajith?D.?Nissanka Pubudu?Kumarage 《船舶与海洋工程学报》2016,15(4):433-441
Recent progress in calculating gas bubble sizes in a plume, based on phenomenological approaches using the release conditions is a significant improvement to make the gas plume models self-reliant. Such calculations require details of conditions Near the Source of Plume (NSP); (i.e. the plume/jet velocity and radius near the source), which inspired the present work. Determining NSP conditions for gas plumes are far more complex than that for oil plumes due to the substantial density difference between gas and water. To calculate NSP conditions, modeling the early stage of the plume is important. A novel method of modeling the early stage of an underwater gas release is presented here. Major impact of the present work is to define the correct NSP conditions for underwater gas releases, which is not possible with available methods as those techniques are not based on the physics of flow region near the source of the plume/jet. We introduce super Gaussian profiles to model the density and velocity variations of the early stages of plume, coupled with the laws of fluid mechanics to define profile parameters. This new approach, models the velocity profile variation from near uniform, across the section at the release point to Gaussian some distance away. The comparisons show that experimental data agrees well with the computations. 相似文献
164.
165.
Zeqi?Lu Tiejun?YangEmail author Michael?J.?Brennan Xinhui?Li Zhigang?Liu 《船舶与海洋工程学报》2014,13(3):291-298
Motivated by the need for improving the isolation performance, many research studies have been performed on isolators with nonlinear characteristics. Based on the shape of their phase portrait, such devices can be configured as either a mono-or bi-stable isolator. This paper focuses on investigating the relative performance of these two classes under the same excitations. Force transmissibility is used to measure the isolation performance, which is defined in terms of the RMS of the ratio of the transmitted force to the excitation force. When the system is subjected to harmonic excitation, it is found that the maximum reduction of the force transmissibility in the isolation range using Quasi-Zero stiffness is achieved. When the system is subjected to random excitation, it has the same effect of Quasi-Zero stiffness. Further, optimum damping can be changed with stiffness and has minimum value. 相似文献
166.
Assessing the impact of characteristics of the built environment on travel behavior can yield valuable tools for land use
and transportation planning. Of particular interest are planning models that can estimate the effects of ‘smart growth’ planning.
In this paper, a post-processor method of quantifying and searching for relationships among many aspects of travel behavior
and the built environment is developed and applied to the Buffalo, NY area. A wide scope of travel behavior is examined, and
over 50 variables, many of which are based on high-detail data sources, are examined for potentially quantifying the built
environment. Linear modeling is then used to relate travel behavior and the built environment, and the resulting models may
be applied in a post-processor fashion to travel models to provide some measure of sensitivity to built environment modifications.
The study’s findings demonstrate that mode choice is highly correlated to measures of the built environment, and that many
of the principles of smart growth appear to be a valid way to encourage non-vehicle travel. Home-based VHT and VMT appear
to be affected by the built environment to a lesser degree. 相似文献