Model-based optimization of parameters for a diesel engine SCR system

A Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) system simulation model for diesel engines was established based on MATLAB/Simulink. The model includes four subsystems: signal acquisition, DEF (Diesel Exhaust Fluid) dosing control, catalytic chemistry reaction and NO_X emissions reduction. The SCR control strategy was optimized based on ETC simulation results. Simulation and test results indicate that the model developed in this paper can predict ETC NO_X emissions accurately.     

Active noise control in a duct system based on a frequency-estimation algorithm and the FX-LMS algorithm

In this paper, an indirect feedback active noise control (ANC) scheme, based on the fundamental frequency-estimation method, is proposed for systems with multiple tonal noises. The engine noise consists of the harmonic components of the rotation of the crankshaft in the engine. When it is difficult to obtain reference signals, which are necessary for a feedforward ANC, conventional ANC algorithms do not work. In this paper, a new method is proposed to generate reference signals with estimated frequencies. The proposed algorithm consists of two parts: the frequency-estimation (FE) algorithm for the estimation of the fundamental frequency of the rotating machinery and then the conventional filtered-x LMS (FX-LMS) algorithm. In the second algorithm, the reference signal is generated using the fundamental frequency as estimated in the first algorithm. The FE algorithm uses a second-order adaptive notch filter, which is insensitive to impulse noise. In addition, the FE algorithm has good tracking capability and a lower variance of frequency-estimation error for a constant sinusoid signal and chirp signal. The performance of the proposed ANC method is verified through simulations and an experiment using a DSP board (DS-1104) inside a short duct.     

基于Biba模型的三权分立分析

强制访问控制是建设高级别安全信息系统的必要条件.本文基于Biba模型,重点给出了信息系统中系统管理员、安全管理员和安全审计员三权分立的形式化分析.通过分析,给出三权分立管理机制下,保障信息系统安全管理的条件.本文的结果在某国家级信息系统的具体建设中得到了应用.     

2型糖尿病并发周围血管病变的临床流行病学分析

目的通过对比分析2型糖尿病并发周围血管病变(DPVD)及未发生周围血管病变(非DPVD)病例的临床流行病学资料,明确2型糖尿患者伴发DPVD的相关危险因素,为其早期诊治和预防提供依据。方法收集157例40～70岁临床已诊断2型糖尿病患者的临床流行病学资料,依据周围血管病的诊断标准将其分为DPVD组和非DPVD组;以生化分析仪测定两组患者的血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和超敏C反应蛋白(hsCRP);用多因素Logistic回归分析相关危险因素。结果与未发生周围血管病变病例相比,DPVD组患者病程较长,且高血压、周围神经病变及糖尿病眼病的并发率较高,生化分析显示DPVD组患者血清中hsCRP、TC/HDL-C水平升高,而HDL-C降低;经多因素Logistic回归分析发现,病程、hsCRP、HDL-C、TC/HDL-C为DPVD的独立危险因素。结论病程、血压增高、周围神经病、眼病、HDL-C减低及hsCRP增高与2型糖尿病患者并发周围血管病变相关,并且病程、HDL-C、hsCRP、TC/HDL-C是周围血管病变的独立危险因素。     

比索洛尔对大动脉水平左向右分流大鼠窦房结HCN2、HCN4通道mRNA表达及固有心率的影响

目的以大动脉水平左向右分流SD大鼠心衰模型为研究对象,观察固有心率、窦房结起搏电流HCN2及HCN4亚型mRNA在心脏重构过程中的变化,以及选择性β1-受体阻滞剂比索洛尔对它们的影响。方法通过腹腔动静脉造瘘术建立慢性大动脉水平左向右分流心力衰竭模型,并以假手术组动物为对照。共同饲养2月后,随机分别给予安慰剂或比索洛尔。4周后再次行超声心动检查;测定血流动力学改变及固有心率;提取RNA进行实时定量RT-PCR测定各组HCN通道各亚型mRNA的表达水平。结果造模后2月,超声心动图显示,手术组大鼠心脏扩大,左室厚度显著增高,射血分数则显著降低(P<0.01)。比索洛尔干预4周后未能逆转大动脉水平左向右分流引起的心腔扩大(P>0.05),但可改善心脏功能(P<0.05)并提高固有心率(P<0.01)。HCN通道蛋白mRNA检测显示:①大鼠窦房结组织中HCN2表达占优势,HCN4相对较少(79%、21%);②安慰剂组HCN4mRNA水平较假手术组明显下降(0.09±0.02 vs.1.04±0.13,P<0.01),而HCN2mRNA表达在各组间没有统计学差异;③比索洛尔治疗后,HCN4基因mRNA水平明显回升(0.99±0.15 vs.0.09±0.02,P<0.01)。结论①比索洛尔干预在改善心衰大鼠心脏功能的同时,可以降低基础心率、升高固有心率;②大动脉水平左向右分流导致心衰大鼠窦房结HCN4通道mRNA的表达降低,比索洛尔治疗可以逆转该通道的重构。这是其影响固有心率、改善心功能的可能机制。     

铣刨机行驶作业阻力特性分析

为了给铣刨机行走系统参数匹配提供参考,以CLG563铣刨机为研究对象,对铣刨机行驶作业阻力特性进行分析。通过理论研究和现场试验对铣刨机作业阻力的影响因素进行分析。结果表明:铣刨机的行驶阻力、铣刨扭矩和后桥垂直力都随铣刨厚度和行走速度的增大而增大;铣刨机行驶阻力主要是由铣刨过程中铣刨转子的水平切削分力产生,由地面附着条件产生的滚动阻力占行驶阻力的比例较小。     

高强度混凝土搅拌工艺比较研究

比较不同搅拌参数下,双螺旋轴搅拌机对C60高强度混凝土性能的影响,以及双螺旋轴搅拌机与其它机型对高强度混凝土搅拌性能的影响,在试验基础上确定合理的搅拌工艺及其参数。结果表明:在C60高强混凝土搅拌试验中,若使用双螺旋轴搅拌机和双卧轴搅拌机,采用先拌水泥砂浆法,所得混凝土的宏观匀质性和微观匀质性均较好,但使用双卧轴搅拌机的高性能混凝土平均抗压强度更高,且混凝土的抗压强度离差系数、砂浆密度相对误差及粗骨料质量相对误差最小。     

Real-time catenary models for the hardware-in-the-loop simulation of the pantograph–catenary interaction

Hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation is a promising technique to study the pantograph–catenary interaction problems by realising the interaction of a physical pantograph with a mathematical model of the overhead equipment (catenary). However, the computing power presently available on real-time CPUs only allows to run simplified models of the overhead equipment. Therefore, it is important to define catenary models that are suitable for real-time simulation and at the same time capable of accurately representing the dynamic behaviour of the catenary. In this paper, the use of a catenary model based on modal superposition is considered, and the effect of changing the number of modelled spans and the number of modal components allocated to the contact and messenger wires is investigated in view of finding the best model compatible with real-time simulation. Comparisons between HIL simulation results and line measurements are presented, to quantify the accuracy of the hybrid simulation method developed.