龙江—斯太尔汽车铸造桥壳设计

用本文采用的计算大圆角矩形桥管W方法计算斯太尔桥管W与斯太尔工厂提供的W数值极为相近。利用QT42—10球铁桥壳P—σ_u—N_(50)弯曲疲劳曲线估算出桥壳台架试验要求寿命N_(50)=80万次时的应力σ_u,并按台架试验加载工况计算出桥管必需的W,再利用创立的计算大圆角矩形桥管W方法确定桥管的截面尺寸,设计出了龙江—斯太尔汽车轻量化的铸造桥壳。     

奥迪100轿车后螺旋弹簧的可靠性设计

本文介绍了奥迪１００桥车后螺旋弹簧的可靠性设计方法。在基本随机变量的概率特性已知的情况下，使用二阶矩技术对弹簧的可靠性进行设计，所编制的计算机程序可以迅速准确地得到弹簧的可靠性设计参数。     

复声强技术及其应用

本文探讨了复声强的数学物理意义，从理论和试验上说明了复声强在声源识别，声场分析及其它声学参数测量上的有效性，介绍了二套可供推广的复声强分析系统的构成，主要功能及精度讨论，并列举了若干应用实例。     

Advanced Control Methods for Automotive Applications

This paper reviews key developments in applications of advanced control methods to automotive systems. Such applications appear in many aspects of vehicle controls. We will examine representative application areas, which include engines, suspension systems, traction systems, steering systems and those for automated highway systems (AHS). Each area is examined from the viewpoint of modeling and control algorithm development. Useful control theories for automotive application are briefly reviewed for better understanding of the applicability of these theories.     

Damper Models for Heavy Vehicle Ride Dynamics

A laboratory rig for testing hydraulic dampers using the 'hardware-in-the-loop' method is described, and the accuracy of the test method is investigated. A mathematical model of a hydraulic shock absorber is then developed. The model is suitable for vehicle simulations and has seven parameters which can be determined by simple dynamic measurements on a test damper. The shock absorber model is validated under realistic operating conditions using the test rig, and the relative importance of various features of the model on the accuracy of vehicle simulations is investigated.     

Preview Control Algorithms for the Active Suspension of an Off-Road Vehicle

The potential performance improvement using preview control for active vehicle suspension was first recognized in the late nineteen sixties. All work done since that time has been based on optimal control theory using simple vehicle models.

In this article, the performance of quarter vehicle preview controllers when applied to a real off-road vehicle is simulated using both two degree of freedom quarter and ten degree of freedom full vehicle models. The results, which are compared with non-preview active and conventional passive suspensions, confirm that preview control reduces vertical acceleration of the body centre of gravity, which results in improved ride quality. Further, reductions in pitch and roll motion result from smaller vertical displacements of the vehicle quarters. Coupling between quarters, through the vehicle body, appears to have a smoothing effect on the control.

As an alternative to optimal control theory based controllers, a simple ad hoc preview controller based on isolating the vehicle body from dynamic loads transmitted through the suspension is proposed. Simulation results show that such a controller outperforms the optimal control theory based controllers over small discrete disturbances but responds poorly to disturbances encountered from other than steady state.     

Identification Methods for Vehicle System Dynamics

The paper presents a survey on parameter identification techniques for complex vehicle models. In order to cope with the complexity of the model, the information on the system available from the equations of motion has to be included in the identification process. Basic methods for the solution of this problem are shown. The application of the approach is demonstrated by identification of the vertical automobile dynamics. It is concluded that the presented techniques will become more important with increasing applications of theoretical modeling in vehicle system dynamics.     

The Geometrical Contact between Track and Wheelset

In previous publications the author has described a so-called first-order theory for the motion of a railway vehicle wheelset on a tangent track. In the present report the geometrical aspect of this theory is further evaluated and a method for solving the constraint equations between the coordinates of the wheelset is indicated.     

浅谈基础设施项目工程造价全过程管理

分析了基础设施项目建设管理过程中存在的问题,阐明了对基础设施建设造价进行全过程管理的意义。运用工程项目造价全过程管理理论,即全生命周期造价管理理论,对基础设施项目建设造价进行全过程管理,并且详细分析了从项目的前期决策阶段到项目的实施阶段进行造价管理的方法。     

桥梁美学设计及其进展

文中首先阐述了桥梁美学设计的必要性和重要性,然后论述了桥梁设计中的美学考虑,桥梁美学的发展,桥梁美学理论及美学设计的实现等等。