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931.
LI Tie-shan YAN Shu-jia QIAO Wen-ming 《船舶与海洋工程学报》2007,6(4):1-7
This paper focuses on the problem of linear track keeping for marine surface vessels. The influence exerted by sea currents on the kinematic equation of ships is considered first. The input-to-state stability (ISS) theory used to verify the system is input-to-state stable. Combining the Nussbaum gain with backstepping techniques, a robust adaptive fuzzy algorithm is presented by employing fuzzy systems as an approximator for unknown nonlinearities in the system. It is proved that the proposed algorithm that guarantees all signals in the closed-loop system are ultimately bounded. Consequently, a ship's linear track-keeping control can be implemented. Simulation results using Dalian Maritime University's ocean-going training ship 'YULONG' are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. 相似文献
932.
Qin Xia Jianli Duan Feng Gao Qiuxia Hu Yingdong He 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2018,19(4):751-758
Intelligent vehicle greatly benefits traffic safety, efficiency and driving comfortable. With the development of intelligent driving technology and its application, it is becoming increasingly important to do effective and comprehensive tests before putting on the market. Comprehensively considering the cost of test, an automatic generation method of test scenarios is proposed to ensure both coverage and effectiveness. Based on the analyzed key infuence factors of an intelligent driving system, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is used to determine their importance and accordingly an complex index is defined, based on which an improved test case generation algorithm based on the pairwise independent combinatorial testing tool (PICT) is proposed to ensuring both combinational coverage and complexity of test cases. Finally, the test scenario is generated by clustering these discrete test cases considering similarity and complexity. The high complex test cases are preferred to be combined together and conducted preferentially to increase the test efficiency. The effectiveness of this method is validated by applying it on a lane departure warning system (LDW). 相似文献
933.
934.
Daniel A. Rodríguez Carlos H. Mojica 《Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice》2009,43(5):560-571
A before and after hedonic model is used to determine the property value impacts on properties already served by the transit system caused by extensions to Bogotá’s bus rapid transit system. Asking prices of residential properties belonging to an intervention area (N = 1407 before, 1570 after) or a control area (N = 267 before, 732 after) and offered for sale between 2001 and 2006 are used to determine capitalization of the enhanced regional access provided by the extension. Properties offered during the year the extension was inaugurated and in subsequent years have asking prices that are between 13% and 14% higher than prices for properties in the control area, after adjusting for structural, neighborhood and regional accessibility characteristics of each property. Furthermore, the appreciation is similar for properties within 500 m and properties between 500 m and 1 km of the BRT. 相似文献
935.
Bo Leng Lu Xiong Zhuoping Yu Tong Zou 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2018,19(1):55-62
For a distributed drive electric vehicle (DDEV) which is equipped with redundant actuators, allocation control is a key technique. Three different allocation control algorithms are designated with fixed efficiency matrix, dynamic efficiency matrix, and direct yaw moment distribution, respectively. All these algorithms are applied in a vehicle stability control system with hierarchical control structure and evaluated from three aspects, namely, control precision, real-time characteristics, and control energy. Comparison results demonstrate that the algorithm with dynamic efficiency matrix has the best comprehensive performance, which is also validated in field tests based on a DDEV equipped with four motors. 相似文献
936.
William Ritchie 《WMU Journal of Maritime Affairs》2004,3(2):193-204
The impact on the marine environment of the operation of the Sullom Voe Oil Terminal and its major port facility in the Shetland
Islands has been monitored continuously for more than twenty-five years. The site of this very large terminal straddles a
peninsula and the separation of the impact of the port on the sheltered west side (Sullom Voe) and the aqueous discharge from
the terminal to the east, into the strong tidal current of Yell Sound, has proven to be advantageous. There are two types
of monitoring, statutory (to comply with relevant legislation) and voluntary (to establish good practice and to examine a
wider range of impacts e.g. island-wide ornithology). The latter function is undertaken by an independent advisory committee
(SOTEAG). Over time, the nature and amount of voluntary monitoring has decreased in response to the long term evidence that
both terminal and port operations are having little or no impact on a wide range of habitats and species. Voluntary monitoring
also acts as an independent check on both compliance and other forms of environmental assessment. Although the terminal is
now operating at less than half its peak capacity, this does not mean that there has been apro-rata decrease in monitoring
activity. 相似文献
937.
SUNLi-cheng YANChang-qi SUNZhong-ning ZHANGQing-hua 《船舶与海洋工程学报》2003,2(1):41-44
Considering the special resistance characteristics of fluids flowing through ducts with small gaps, experiments are per-formed to investigate the resistance characteristics of single-phase water, which is forced to flow through vertical annuli. The gap sizes are 0.9, 1,4 and 2.4ram, respectively. The experiments are conducted under condition of 1 atm. The water in the annuli is heated by high temperature water reversely flowing through the inner tube and the outer annulus. The results show that the flow pattern begin to change from laminar to turbulent before Reynolds number approaches 2000, the flow resistance in annulus has llttie relations with the temperature difference and ways of being heated, but mainly depends on the ratio of mass flux to the width of annulus. 相似文献
938.
Malcolm A. Clarke 《WMU Journal of Maritime Affairs》2002,1(1):71-84
Consignors of goods in international trade want their containers to move door to door whether by land, sea or air — smoothly, seamlessly and at predictable cost. What they actually get from the law is at best a jerky roller coaster: a series of contracts, one for each mode or stage of the journey, contracts with various people and with liability that varies too. All agree that the law should change but attempts to agree on an entirely new multimodal regime have failed. Recently attempts have been not to start again but to expand an existing and established regime. The latest of these, the UNCITRAL draft, is essentially maritime: it applies to the sea phase but and goes further to apply door to door except when its path is blocked by compulsory unimodal law. Has Venus at last arisen from the waves? And what will happen when Beauty meets the Beast in the form of CMR? This article addresses the problems that will be encountered by an ambitious amphibious instrument of this kind. — problems of integration, of compatibility with local legal culture, and of methodology. 相似文献
939.
SUNJing-hua ZHANGXin-lu 《船舶与海洋工程学报》2003,2(1):71-75
A simple rate equation model for 2μm Tm, Ho:YLF laser is given to study laser dynamics. Under low pump power, the explicit formulae for the threshold pump power and the relation between output power and incident power are obtained. The present model provides a straightforward procedure to design the laser resonator and the optical coupling system for optimization. At the same time, the experimental results are reported. At room temperature the slope efficiency is 22.4% and the typical lasing threshold is about 328mW. The theory is in good agreement with experiment. 相似文献
940.
Peter M. P. Muirhead 《WMU Journal of Maritime Affairs》2004,3(2):139-158
This paper examines the impact of new technology on MET institutions in the 21st century and discusses to what extent global MET institutions can enhance and enrich traditional practices through access
to new technology and the use of innovative teaching and assessment methods within a sustainable and achievable framework.
It notes the diverse standards and access to new technology by MET institutions across the globe and discusses the implications
for them if they are to remain competitive and viable. The paper concludes that maritime institutions can benefit from the
use of new technology, but only through rational planning and sustainable staged growth. A series of continua of technical
development is provided to assist institutions, from the smallest to the largest, to plan for technical development and growth
in a rational and feasible way. 相似文献