不同基础下夯实水泥土桩桩土应力比的试验研究

桩土应力比是一个非常重要而且难以准确确定的参数。该文通过对郑(州)西(安)客运专线上夯实水泥土桩复合地基进行的单桩复合地基的载荷试验和路堤下桩顶应力、桩间土应力的现场测试,分别获得刚性基础下和柔性基础下的桩顶应力、桩间土应力和桩土应力比,以及它们随荷载水平和加载时间的变化规律。探讨了两种不同基础下使得桩土应力比产生变化的不同内在机理。据此,提出了由载荷试验得到的桩土应力比不能直接作为柔性基础下的桩土应力比,而应该乘以一个折减系数。研究成果可为夯实水泥土桩复合地基的桩土应力比取值提供指导性意见。     

Application of slim A-pillar to improve driver’s field of vision

The importance of vehicle safety cannot be exaggerated in today’s mobile societies. Many manufacturers, associates related to vehicles and universities make an effort to improve vehicle safety by developing new technologies, applying high strength steel to the body structure etc. However, the majority of these efforts are focused on decreasing injury. It is absolutely important to minimize injury, but a more important aspect is coping with vehicle accidents. That is, As undeniably important as it is to minimize potential injuries, it is critical that experts focus on developing ways to keep drivers out of situations likely to lead to crashes in the first place. The purpose of this paper is to determine what the most critical factor is when coping with an unfamiliar driving situation. The answer is to provide a wide-open field of vision, especially for the driver. The driver’s field of vision is obstructed by the vehicle’s A-pillar. To solve this, the A-pillar obstruction angle, which is the angle between the driver’s eyes and the A-pillar should be decreased. This paper purposes three-methods for decreasing this angle structurally and applying a slim A-pillar which is as the best solution to decrease the A-pillar obstruction angle and ensure the drivers field of vision at the same time     

Development of electrostatic diesel particulate matter filtration systems combined with a metallic Flow-Through Filter and electrostatic methods

A 3000 cc diesel engine attached to an engine dynamo was used to test three newly developed electrostatic Diesel Particulate matter filtration Systems (DPS 1, 2, and 3) under four steady-state engine operating conditions: idle, 2000 rpm with no load, and 2000 rpm under 25% and 50% loads. Of the two developed alternatives, DPS 1 and DPS 2, DPS 2 comprises an ionization section, electrostatic field additional section and Flow-Through Filter (FTF), which achieved almost 90% removal of particulate matter (PM) under the engine’s operating conditions, and the efficiency of the FTF was maintained between 20% and 50%. Comparing the long-term performance of DPS 2 and DPS 3 (effectively a serial combination of two DPS 2s) with a commercially-available Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF), the DPS 2 and DPS 3 achieved almost the same efficiency for removing PM as the DPF but had significantly improved (75%∼90% lower) differential pressure drops.     

基于IQA方法的信号交叉口左转延误计算

为了更科学地计算复杂交通流条件下的左转延误,分析了车辆到达和离去规律,采用排队增量累计( IQA)方法,提出基于IQA方法的信号交叉口计算左转延误计算模型,通过使用不规则的多边形来计算队列累积面积作为均匀延误值.该方法突破了Webster延误模型的条件限制,更好的描述了实际交通状况.结合福州市信号交叉口调查数据,验证了IQA方法计算的延误比Webster模型更符合实际,特别是许可型左转相位的信号交叉口.     

Formation of nanometer coherent structures during spinodal decomposition and ordering coexistence phase transformation in Fe-24Al alloys

The nanometer coherent structure evolution of spinodal decomposition and ordering coexistence phase transformation in Fe-24Al alloys is investigated by the microscopic phase field kinetic model. The results show that the concentration and long-range order parameters all continuously change towards to their equilibrium values during phase transformation. With the increase of elastic interaction energy, the anisotropy along [01] or [10] elastic soft direction is more obvious and the time reaching equilibrium state is also shortened. According to the results, the formation of nanometer coherent structures during phase transformation is composed of the initial decreasing stage of order degree stage, the incubation stage, the continuous increasing stage of concentration order parameter and long-range order parameter, and the later stable stage. The spinodal decomposition and ordering is interaction; the initial ordering stage is a necessary condition of the coexistence phase transformation. The nanometer coherent structures are not found to grow during the whole phase transformation. The simulation results are in accordance with the results in experiment obtained by the aging treatment in Fe-24Al alloys.     

心血管介入器械表面修饰新策略血管内皮细胞生长微环境的原位仿生构建

血管支架等心血管介入医疗器械植入人体后的血栓形成和再狭窄等问题长期以来一直是临床上亟待解决的难题.目前研究显示,损伤部位血管内皮功能性重建能显著降低再狭窄比率,避免血栓的形成,而该过程与内皮细胞所处的周细胞环境、底层组织拓扑结构和细胞外基质等微环境密切相关.本文系统讨论了以上3种要素对血管内皮功能性重建的影响,并给出了作者在材料表面内皮细胞生长微环境的原位仿生构建方向的最新研究进展:对于周细胞环境,主要通过调控平滑肌细胞为收缩型表型,进而促进内皮细胞功能性因子释放; 对于底层拓扑结构,可在材料表面制备微/纳图形进行仿生构建,进而调控内皮形态和分布呈体内生理状态;对于细胞外基质,可通过细胞脱附技术获得或将细胞外基质成分接枝在材料表面,赋予材料良好的生物相容性.      

挂车制动系统的澳大利亚出口认证检测

对澳大利亚设计规则ADR38/03关于挂车制动系统的试验检测项目进行了介绍,主要对整车项目中的制动反应时间、行车制动兼容性测试、应急制动和行车制动热衰退试验,以及制动控制系统及零部件检测项目的相关试验进行了介绍,阐述了试验过程中的注意事项,为企业进行相关试验提供参考。     

水泥混凝土路面加铺沥青面层结构抗裂缝扩展性能研究

该文介绍了水泥混凝土路面加铺沥青面层结构抗裂缝扩展性能的研究。为了解不同措施延缓水泥混凝土路面加铺沥青层结构反射裂缝的效果,建立了考虑接缝传荷能力的水泥混凝土路面加铺沥青面层结构三维有限元分析模型,以Paris裂缝扩展寿命描述反射裂缝扩展。研究发现各种措施扩展寿命大小差异与接缝弯沉差有关。防裂贴与应力吸收层组合结构的扩展寿命最大,土工布与防裂贴扩展寿命接近。不同防反措施扩展寿命随接缝弯沉差的衰减速率大小为:防裂贴加应力吸收层,应力吸收层,玻纤格栅,土工布,直接加铺。     

Experimental study on the impact characteristics of a sandwich composite with an aluminum foam core

The need for composites has been increasing in various industries because composites have good mechanical properties for their weight and superior stiffness and strength. The composites addressed in this study were multi-pore aluminum foam with a specific gravity of 1/10 composed of solid aluminum metal. This composite has excellent impact energy-absorption capability. In this study, impact tests on an aluminum foam core sandwich composite with a porous core were conducted to examine its mechanical properties. The specimen was a sandwich structure with an aluminum foam core, and different impact energies, such as 50J, 70J, and 100J, were applied to the specimen. Consequently, a maximum load of 5.5 kN occurred when the striker penetrated the upper face sheet in all experiments. The maximum load occurred at 4.2 ms for 50J, 3.5 ms for 70J, and 3.0 ms for 100J, indicating that the greater the impact energy was, the shorter the time was until the maximum load. After the maximum load occurred, that is, after the penetration of the upper face sheet, the striker penetrated 10 mm further, causing the core to be damaged in the 50J test, while the lower face sheet remained intact. In the 70J test, the striker penetrated the core and caused damage to the upper face sheet at 10 ms. Finally, in the 100J test, the striker penetrated both the upper face sheet and core and even the lower face sheet at 10 ms. Given the result above, the maximum load occurred when the striker penetrated the upper face sheet and the sandwich composite with aluminum foam core; the load then gradually decreased and then rapidly increased when the striker reached the lower face sheet, and the maximum load lasted slightly longer than the time required for the upper face sheet to be penetrated.     

连续刚构桥主梁线形控制参数敏感性分析

在施工监控过程中设置合理预拱度,使连续刚构桥能够顺利合龙,以及提高桥面线形的平顺度。以康家河大桥为工程背景,用Midas/Civil建立了空间有限元模型,进行了主梁挠度的计算。根据实际可能发生的情况,分析了结构自重、预应力损失、混凝土收缩徐变、梯度温度对主梁挠度的影响。