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611.
Alleviating the disability challenges experienced by people with impairments is increasingly seen as an important step towards
building more inclusive societies. The very definition of disability has evolved to shift the burden from people with impairments
to perform at “normal” competency levels and towards a fuller recognition of the ways that society can either build or tear
down barriers that hinder their full participation in society. The objective of this paper is to investigate the factors that
act as facilitators or barriers to participation by people with impairments. Specifically, the study is conducted within the
context of employment status and commute distance, two outcomes indicative of the ability of individuals with impairments
to engage society. Analysis is based on Canada’s 2006 Participation and Activity Limitation Survey, a post-censal survey that
collects information on various aspects of disabilities for a representative sample of Canadian society. The results, based
on a probit model for employment status and a regression model for commute distance, provide insights into the personal, economic,
and living space factors that affect the probability of being employed and traveling longer distances. 相似文献
612.
This research investigates the design and impact of a new travel demand management approach, namely the Downtown Space Reservation
System (DSRS), using a microscopic traffic simulation approach executed in VISSIM. The DSRS is part of a Travel Demand Management
strategy that is designed to mitigate traffic congestion in a downtown urban setting. The simulation is conducted according
to an experimental design procedure for a revised road network representing downtown Boise, Idaho. The issues that are tested
in the simulation include: (1) whether the DSRS improves traffic performance when compared with the case without the DSRS;
(2) how the DSRS performs compared with a reservation system that uses a First Come First Serve principle; and (3) how the
specific DSRS parameters (such as, the relative importance of throughput versus revenue generation) influence network system
performance. Conclusions and future research recommendations are provided based on the insights from the simulation modeling
work. 相似文献
613.
Becky P. Y. Loo 《Transportation》2010,37(2):257-274
Ever since the Open Policy in 1979, there has been increasing socio-economic integration between Hong Kong and mainland China. The subsequent rapid export-oriented industrialization in the Hong Kong-Pearl River Delta (HK-PRD) region has given rise to rapidly growing cross-boundary container truck traffic (XBCT). From 1992 to 2003, the volume of XBCT rose from 1.5 to 4.7 million vehicles per annum. Hence, a new customs check-point, the Shenzhen Western Corridor (SWC), was built. With the development of SWC, how would XBCT drivers change their route-cum-customs (RCC) choice? What were their major considerations? How would the route choice among goods vehicle drivers differ from private car drivers? To what extent would the opening of new customs check-points change the RCC choice of goods vehicle drivers and resolve the uneven distribution problem of freight traffic? The current paper seeks to address these questions. 相似文献
614.
There are many ways of describing a solid,porous or fluid region of the computational domain when solving the Navier-Stokes equations(NSE)for flow motions.Amongst these the porous cell method is one of the most flexible approaches.In this method,a parameter is defined as a ratio of the volume open to water and air in a calculation cell to its cell volume.In the calculation,the same numerical procedure is applied to every cell and no explicit boundary conditions are needed at solid boundaries.The method is used to simulate flow through porous media,around solid bodies and over a moving seabed.The results compare well with experimental data and other numerical results.In our future work the porous cell method will be applied to more complex fluid-solid interaction situations. 相似文献
615.
A new procedure for generating optimal transport strategies has been applied in nine European cities. A public sector objective
function which reflects concerns over efficiency, environmental impact, finance and sustainability is specified and a set
of policy measures with acceptable ranges on each, identified. Optimal strategies based on combinations of these policy measures
which generate the optimal value of the objective function, are identified, and compared between cities. Resulting policy
recommendations are presented. The results demonstrate the importance of an integrated approach to transport strategy formulation.
They emphasise the role of changes in public transport service levels and of fares, and of charges for car use. By contrast,
new infrastructure projects are less frequently justified. In the majority of cities the revenues from car use charges are
sufficient to finance other elements in the strategy. However, private sector involvement either in initial financing or in
operation may be desirable. Revised objective functions to reflect private sector involvement are specified, and optimal strategies
with private sector operation of public transport are also identified. The requirement to meet private sector rates of return
for public transport operation typically results in lower frequencies and higher fares; charges for car use then need to be
raised to satisfy public policy objectives, but system performance is reduced.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
616.
Thromboembolicdiseasesareamajorcauseofmorbidityandmortality.Thepathogenicmechanismsofthediseasesre-mainunclear.Fourfactors,in... 相似文献
617.
K. Riedl P. Lugner 《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》1982,11(3):175-193
Detailed Investigations of the Steady State Turning of Single Track Vehicles
In the paper the steady state turning of single track vehicles on a horizontal, even road is investigated, supposing the air to be at rest. The vehicle model used has six degrees of freedom: rolling, yawing, pitching and bouncing of the vehicle, rotation of the front wheel system (steering) relatively to the main frame and distortion of the rear wheel system due to limited stiffness of its linkage, and also takes into account wind drag and gyroscopic effects generated by wheels and other vehicle components. A special importance is given to the geometry of the vehicle
The results show a comparison of two types of motorcycles with different geometries and tires. To characterize the vehicle behaviour the roll, side slip and steering angle as functions of the normal acceleration are used. A more detailed study in respect to the steering torque is added. 相似文献
In the paper the steady state turning of single track vehicles on a horizontal, even road is investigated, supposing the air to be at rest. The vehicle model used has six degrees of freedom: rolling, yawing, pitching and bouncing of the vehicle, rotation of the front wheel system (steering) relatively to the main frame and distortion of the rear wheel system due to limited stiffness of its linkage, and also takes into account wind drag and gyroscopic effects generated by wheels and other vehicle components. A special importance is given to the geometry of the vehicle
The results show a comparison of two types of motorcycles with different geometries and tires. To characterize the vehicle behaviour the roll, side slip and steering angle as functions of the normal acceleration are used. A more detailed study in respect to the steering torque is added. 相似文献
618.
A. Horn P. Voelsen 《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》1981,10(1):1-19
Vehicle Handling Characteristics and Their Relationship to Vehicle Design Parameters
This paper reviews currently used test procedures for the determination of vehicle handling characteristics in the time and frequency domain. Driver subjective opinions lead to preferred tendencies or ranges of these quantities. The results of closed-loop tests show the adaptability of drivers to the dynamic characteristics of vehicles. The relationship between handling characteristics and design parameters is obtained from the analysis of a simple vehicle model. Comparison of these results with the prefered ranges found in closed-loop tests yields aids for the design of vehicles. 相似文献
This paper reviews currently used test procedures for the determination of vehicle handling characteristics in the time and frequency domain. Driver subjective opinions lead to preferred tendencies or ranges of these quantities. The results of closed-loop tests show the adaptability of drivers to the dynamic characteristics of vehicles. The relationship between handling characteristics and design parameters is obtained from the analysis of a simple vehicle model. Comparison of these results with the prefered ranges found in closed-loop tests yields aids for the design of vehicles. 相似文献
619.
P. T. J. Splerings 《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》1981,10(1):21-35
By means of a mathematical model the effects of lateral front fork flexibility on the vibrational modes of single-track vehicles have been studied. The analysis performed by Sharp has been used as a starting point. The results have been compared with Roe's empirical findings. The results of the analysis have been translated into practical advice for a more optimal front fork construction. 相似文献
620.
Inadequate ports are a major problem in many less developed countries (LDCS). In an era in which international trade involving developing countries is growing rapidly, decisions must be made to provide the necessary infrastructure and superstructure to facilitate the movement of cargo from ship to shore and vice versa. In LDCS, the phenonmenon of the Combined Naval-Commercial Port (CNCP) has not undergone scrutiny. This paper is concerned with describing the nature of the Latin American CNCP. The hypothesis is that commercial port interests have been adversely affected by coexistence. The results of an unquiry comprise the main body of this research. 相似文献