Biologically induced modification of seawater viscosity in the Eastern English Channel during a Phaeocystis globosa spring bloom

To identify the potential relationship between Pheaocystis globosa bloom conditions and seawater properties, a hydrobiological survey was performed in the inshore waters of the Eastern English Channel over the course of the phytoplankton spring bloom. Chlorophyll concentration, auto- and hetero/mixotrophic composition of protists and standing stock, and seawater viscosity were measured weekly from March to June 2004. The decline of the bloom is characterized by a massive foam formation in the turbulent surf zone. Before foam formation, seawater viscosity significantly increased, showing a significant positive correlation with chlorophyll concentration. In contrast, after foam formation this correlation was negative, seawater viscosity kept increasing despite a sharp decrease in chlorophyll concentrations. No significant correlation has been found between seawater viscosity and the composition of the phytoplankton assemblages observed during the survey. However, significant positive correlations have been found between seawater viscosity and both the size and the abundance of P. globosa colonies. From the correlation patterns observed between chlorophyll concentration and seawater viscosity, we suggest that the rheological properties of seawater are mainly driven by extracellular materials associated with colony formation and maintenance rather than by cell composition and standing stock.     

Driver steering and muscle activity during a lane-change manoeuvre

The article reports an experimental study of driver steering control behaviour in a lane-change manoeuvre. Eight test subjects were instrumented with electromyography to measure muscle activation and co-contraction. Each subject completed 30 lane-change manoeuvres with one vehicle on a fixed-base driving simulator. For each driver, the steering torque feedback characteristic was changed after every ten manoeuvres; the response of the vehicle to steering angle inputs was not changed. Drivers' control strategies were found to be robust to changes in steering torque feedback. Path-following errors, muscle activity and muscle co-contraction all reduce with the number of lane-changes performed by the driver, suggesting the existence of a learning process. Comparing the test subjects, there was some evidence that high levels of co-contraction were used to allow high-frequency steering inputs to be generated. The results contribute to the understanding of vehicle-driver (and more generally, human-machine) dynamic interaction.     

基于组合模型的港口集装箱吞吐量预测方法

以某港1990~2003年集装箱吞吐量为实测数据,建立其集装箱吞吐量的和灰色系统等预测模型。对比该港2004~2006年集装箱吞吐量各模型预测值与实际值的差异,分析了差异产生的原因及其单一预测模型的局限性,提出了基于组合预测的港口集装箱吞吐量预测法。对港港口集装箱吞吐量发展趋势进行预测,作为未来对港口岸线资源有效的开发利用,基础设施的合理规划、建设以及港口功能拓展的依据是很有必要的。     

Evasive manoeuvres with a steering robot

In the pursuit of an objective rating on vehicle stability performance, it is always desirable to reduce disturbances and inconsistencies during experimental evaluations, especially the ones introduced by human drivers. This paper presents the development of a steering robot designed for closed-loop steering tasks during evasive manoeuvres. It describes the controller structure and discusses experimental results, in addition to simulation/vehicle model verifications and theoretical control analysis.     

外加电流阴极保护技术在天津港滚装码头预制梁中的应用

外加电流阴极防护是钢筋混凝土结构防腐蚀的主要技术手段之一。文章结合外加电流阴极保护技术在天津港滚装码头预制梁工程中的实际应用,介绍了外加电流阴极保护的原理和保护效果,是国内工程中的首次应用,将为我国今后外加电流阴极防护技术的发展和进步提供重要的参考和借鉴。     

微机控制技术在内燃机车上的应用及开发方向

分析对比了内燃机车微机控制系统的组成及控制功能,阐明了各个微机控制系统的优缺点,介绍了在现有内燃机车微机控制系统的基础上,实现模块化、简统化的方案.     

铁路行车岗位的可靠性分析

通过分析目前行车岗位的作业内容及存在的问题,用人的失误率技术和人的认知可靠性模型相结合的方法对行车岗位的作业可靠性进行分析,并用案例加以说明。     

FRP正弦波形夹心桥面板的等效有限元模型

以FRP正弦波形夹心桥面板作为研究对象,得到等效正交各项异性实心板,通过理论分析和数值对比,证明了方法的可行性;采用该法对一实际的FRP正弦波形夹心板桥进行了模态分析。     

软基处理技术在集丰高速公路中的应用

结合集丰高速公路软弱地基的工程地质特征,介绍相应的软基处理技术以及软基沉降观测分析。工程实践表明,其软基处理方案经济可行,效果良好。     

上海国际化工城海运发展与海事管理

介绍上海金山国际化工城的发展现状和前景,并通过分析化工产业发展给海运带来的机遇和变化,提出海事部门面对新形势新发展所面临的挑战,为金山海事发展规划作出构想。