Network representation,continuum approximations and a solution to the spatial aggregation problem of traffic assignment

This paper complements the preceding one, which showed how one could modify equilibrium traffic assignment algorithms for networks with many centroids. In this one it is shown how one can substitute centroids by zones with continuous population densities. The technique, which is mathematically guaranteed to approximate a flow pattern in accordance with Wardrop's user equilibrium criterion, requires some geometrical calculations which can be handled off-line. With the suggested approach, it is possible to represent the spatial distribution of trip ends more realistically and this allows traffic assignment models to capture the effects of short and intrazonal trips in a way previously impossible. The method is shown to be computationally feasible.     

船舶燃用低硫燃油的问题分析与系统设计

随着人类对环境保护的日益重视及规范规则的强制执行,要求越来越多的船舶在规定的区域内使用含硫量不大于0.1%m/m的低硫油。介绍了国际海事组织和各船级社对船舶柴油机排放物中含有硫氧化物的规定,并举例对船舶燃油系统的设计作一介绍。     

Reducing transit fleet emissions through vehicle retrofits,replacements, and usage changes over multiple time periods

Bus transit is often promoted as a green form of transportation, but surprisingly little research has been done on how to run transit systems in a green manner. Both vehicle task assignment and purchase models are generally constructed to minimize financial costs. Integrating vehicle task assignment with purchase decisions is made challenging by the different time scales involved. An integer programming approach is used to combine vehicle purchase, retrofit and aggregated task assignment decisions. The formulation is designed to operate in sequence with traditional vehicle task assignment models, to add emissions and long term financial cost elements to the objective, while maintaining computational tractability and feasible input data requirements. In a case study, a transit agency saves money in the long term by using stimulus money to buy CNG infrastructure instead of purchasing only new buses. Carbon prices up to $400/(ton CO₂ equivalent) do not change vehicle purchase decisions, but higher carbon prices can cause more diesel hybrid purchases, at a high marginal cost. Although the motivation and numerical case study are from the US transit industry, the model is formulated to be widely applicable to green fleet management in multiple contexts.     

Global supply chain and port/terminal: integration and competitiveness

Much has been said of the importance of port and terminal integration in the supply chain. Authors have stressed the importance of agility to the port environment, which involves being proactive along supply chains, facilitation of intermodal integration, as well as organizational integration and partnership between ports and users. Despite the well articulated importance of the issues, little has been offered in terms of conceptualizations and empirical evidence of what really is meant by port/terminal integration in the supply chain, how such integration can be measured and quantified as well as the extent to which different ports/terminals in the world are integrated in the supply chain and competitive performance implications arising thereof. This paper aims to make a contribution in this respect by (i) reviewing the relevant literature on supply chain integration and port integration in the supply chain, (ii) conceptualizing measures for port/terminal integration in the supply chain, (iii) empirically testing the influence of port/terminal integration in the supply chain on port competitiveness and (iv) outlining the significance and value of the study for port operators, shipping lines, transport providers and for further research.     

中国出口集装箱运输市场月评(2009-3-21—2009-4-20)

本期我国出口集装箱运输需求颓势明显，3大航线货量均欲振乏力，但在多条航线2009年4月1日提价的拉动下，上海航运交易所发布的中国出口集装箱综合运价指数先抑后扬。2009年4月17日。上海航运交易所发布的中国出口集装箱运价指数报833．92点，上海地区出口集装箱运价指数报800．66点．均与上月同期基本持平。     

A risk model for the operation of container vessels

Commercial shipping of containerized goods involves certain risks for human safety and environment. In order to actively manage these risks, they must be identified, analyzed, modeled, and quantified. This requires a systematical analysis of design and operation of container vessels. Within the EU-funded research project SAFEDOR, a Formal Safety Assessment has been applied to establish the current safety level of generic container ships and to identify potential cost-effective risk control options. This paper describes a structured approach to develop the underlying high-level risk model. It is structured as risk contribution tree consisting of a series of fault trees and event trees for the major accident categories. Statistical analysis of casualty data is used to estimate the probability of occurrence. Finally, the summation overall individual risk contributions yields the current risk pro file for the operation of container vessels is presented as FN-curve.     

探索人力资源管理方式造就船舶设计优秀人才

0前言 高水平的人才队伍是市场竞争中不断取胜的法宝,是经济发展中不断攀高的源泉.上海船舶研究设计院(简称"船院")45年的发展历程证明:贯彻"以人为本"的指导思想.是实现船院科学发展的根本保障.为了构建有利于船院科学发展的内部机制.必须把握人力资源管理的发展规律、丰富人力资源管理的内涵和转变人力资源管理的方式.