焊前预处理对AlSi10MgMn真空压铸件与铝型材MIG焊接气孔的影响

AlSi10MgMn真空压铸铝合金在MIG焊接存在气孔,其连接方式的选择一定程度上受限,通过对Al?Si10MgMn真空压铸铝合金和型材件进行焊前预处理(氧化皮打磨、酒精清洗、预热处理)后进行MIG焊接,分析了该方案对于焊接气孔的改善效果,结果发现焊前预处理对AlSi10MgMn真空压铸铝合金和型材件MIG焊接气孔改善效果明显,焊缝接头剖面平均气孔率由1.14%降低为0.73%,同时发现焊缝接头剖面中心区域显微硬度值最高,接头强度为180 MPa,接头效率为75%,焊前预处理对显微硬度和接头强度基本无影响。     

基于名义应力法的疲劳卡片构建方法研究

基于有限元的疲劳寿命预测可应用于各行业,疲劳寿命预测精度的提高,离不开有效的材料疲劳卡片,疲劳卡片反映了载荷水平与疲劳寿命的关系。通过设计合理的材料试样的疲劳试验,结合试验与有限元计算,计算不同损伤参量创建应用于疲劳寿命分析的材料疲劳卡片,同时对疲劳卡片的仿真精度进行了验证。结果表明,基于名义应力法构建的疲劳卡片具备较高的预测精度,结合材料试验数据与仿真结果构建的多应力比S-N疲劳卡片,可用于其他适用于应力疲劳分析的零部件疲劳寿命分析,为提高零部件疲劳寿命预测精度提供新的技术途径,为零件的前期结构设计提供参考,可在不同领域进行推广并开展进一步分析研究。     

A trial application of FSA methodology to the hatchway watertight integrity of bulk carriers

Formal safety assessment (FSA) is a formal, structured and systematic methodology, aimed at enhancing maritime safety, including protection of life, property and marine environment, by using risk and cost–benefit assessments. For the application of this methodology to the rule-making process, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) presented the Interim Guidelines, which describe procedures of FSA and inputs/outputs of each procedure in detail. This paper basically deals with an application of FSA methodology according to the IMO's Interim Guidelines to the hatchway watertight integrity of bulk carriers, which was carried out as a cooperative research between Korean Register of Shipping and Seoul National University. As results of this application study, 18 hazards are identified and 32 risk control measures are devised to reduce the associated risks. Potential risks, costs and benefits when some Risk Control Options are introduced are evaluated in monetary unit of US $. Finally, some discussions and recommendations based on experiences are also given for both future work and better application of this FSA methodology to the rule-making process.     

“博远一号”运输船改装设计

军用登陆艇改装为民用运输船,其设计总体改装方案、改装工艺是成功的,值得总结介绍。     

加强安全管理降低PSC滞留率

据今年1月到7月份统计来看,我国船舶被滞留的事件主要发生在亚洲的PSC(港口国检查),占被滞留船舶总数的77.3%,其中又以日本PSC滞留的船舶最多,占被滞留船舶总数的40.9%;其次是PARIS MOU,占总数的18.2%.     

莫让江水难畅流——我国航道现状及发展透视

我国是一个水运资源丰富的国家,海域广阔,江河湖泊纵横.一般河流水量充沛,多数河流常年不冻.我国内河航道主要分布在长江水系、珠江水系、黑龙江水系、黄河水系、淮河水系、钱塘江水系及海河、闽江和东南沿海各个独自入海的水系.这些水系中的河流,上游发源于高山峡谷,下游流经平原沃野,构成我国内河航运中的主要航道.据统计,我国拥有大小江河5800多条,天然湖泊900多个.河流总长43万多公里,流域面积在1万平方公里的就有80多条,其中航道通航里程为11.65万公里.显然,我国具有得天独厚的发展水路运输的先决条件.那么我国航道的发展状况究竟如何呢?……     

图像处理技术在船舶推进器空泡试验中的应用研究

运用数字图像技术和AutoCAD2000图形软件,探索了处理螺旋桨桨叶上空泡图像的问题,利用桨叶空间曲面网格和桨叶空泡图像对比的方式给出了浆叶上空泡区域的边缘,同时还指出了使这一技术实用化需要作的工作。对于空泡体积这一问题,提出了结构光方式的测量模型,它比已报道的同类方法有较高的操作效率。     

Large-scale evacuation network optimization: a bi-level control method with uncertain arterial demand

To improve the efficiency of large-scale evacuations, a network aggregation method and a bi-level optimization control method are proposed in this paper. The network aggregation method indicates the uncertain evacuation demand on the arterial sub-network and balances accuracy and efficiency by refining local road sub-networks. The bi-level optimization control method is developed to reconfigure the aggregated network from both supply and demand sides with contraflow and conflict elimination. The main purpose of this control method is to make the arterial sub-network to be served without congestion and interruption. Then, a corresponding bi-objective network flow model is presented in a static manner for an oversaturated network, and a Genetic Algorithm-based solution method is used to solve the evacuation problem. The numerical results from optimizing a city-scale evacuation network for a super typhoon justify the validity and usefulness of the network aggregation and optimization control methods.     

巴曲河大桥工程质量检测技术分析

做好桥梁工程质量检测,是科学评价工程质量的重要途径,桥梁检测是一项复杂性、专业性较强的工作,本文以巴曲河大桥工程为例,对桥梁质量检测的主要内容、技术要点、检测方法等进行了介绍。     

双点腐蚀缺陷对管道剩余寿命的影响

腐蚀是造成油气管道失效和破坏的主要原因之一。在腐蚀严重区域,由于同时存在单点腐蚀和双点腐蚀,管道面临着更大的失效和破坏风险。若仍按单点腐蚀预测该区域管道的剩余寿命,进行可靠性分析,会造成较大的分析误差。文中应用Monte Carlo法,分别计算单点腐蚀和双点腐蚀的失效概率。通过比较分析发现:由于双点腐蚀的相互作用,管道的失效概率明显增加,剩余强度和剩余寿命减小;随着双点腐蚀蚀坑间距的不断增加,其失效概率不断降低,最终趋于单点腐蚀失效概率。