地铁列车运行引起建筑物二次辐射噪声执行标准探讨

分析我国城市轨道交通环境影响评价中,关于列车运行引起的建筑物二次辐射噪声参考标准的适宜性,并根据二次辐射噪声原理和定义,探讨了城市轨道交通列车运行引起的建筑物二次辐射噪声宜执行的相关标准及评价量。     

面向常发拥堵点的主动交通诱导方法

基于动态用户均衡、系统最优分配的诱导方法,侧重路网需求的宏观预测和调节,难以准确辨识道路拥堵点的关联车流,制约了诱导效果。为精准调控致堵车流,有效缓解常发性拥堵,研究基于需求溯源的主动交通诱导方法。遵循靶向诱导的思路,分析车辆行驶轨迹和常发拥堵点的交通流关联性,运用卡尔曼滤波对关联车流进行短时预测,在此基础上,结合流量占比、路径饱和度等指标,对诱导目标车流进行优选。同时,从负荷均衡的角度出发,基于路段与路径交通流的时空关联更新路网交通状态,建立以饱和度均衡为目标的主动诱导优化模型。仿真结果表明:相比反应型诱导与基于路径偏好的主动型诱导,所提方法使常发拥堵点的车均延误、停车次数等下降30%~60%,路网车均延误、停车次数等下降10%~15%,模型收敛速度提高,交通效益提升,验证了该方法的有效性。      

航运业碳减排和零碳发展面临的挑战与应对建议

为积极响应"2030年碳达峰、2060年碳中和"的发展目标,碳减排和零碳排放逐渐成为了航运业未来发展的重要方向.对国际海事组织(International Maritime Organization,IMO)推出的碳减排方案和措施进行梳理;同时,总结国外航运业低碳发展的现状,并对其采取的措施和技术方法的优势及存在的问题进行分析.在此基础上,提出基于减碳和零碳排放目标的应对建议,供我国航运业的碳减排和零碳发展参考.     

基于蒙特卡洛法的抛锚撞击海管概率分析

针对船舶抛锚撞击海底管道事故频发,撞击概率计算过程较复杂且适用范围有限的问题,对现有方法进行改进,基于蒙特卡洛方法建立抛锚统计试验模型,对某一条件下船舶抛锚对海底管道的撞击概率进行计算,结果表明:对现有方法进行改进或利用蒙特卡洛方法能较好地反映船舶抛锚对海底管道的撞击概率变化特性,可应用于危险区域的抛锚预警和海上禁锚区的设置。     

多目标协同下长江上游航道承载力评价*

为了进一步深化长江航道承载力的相关研究,探求航道的提升潜力,基于生态、经济、水资源配置和防洪多目标协同下航道承载力概念,以长江上游广阳坝河段为例,根据航段特性,结合影响因素互适机理,针对性地选择评价指标,初步构建航道承载力评价模型体系,分析计算该河段3.5、4.5及6.0 m航道水深下航道承载力综合评价值。结果表明,6.0 m航道水深下承载力状态最佳;广阳坝河段在综合考虑上述目标影响后,对于航道水深还有一定的提升空间。     

Micro-Grinding Performance of Hard-Brittle Chip Materials in Precision Micro-Grinding Microgroove

The micro-structure on hard-brittle chip materials (HBCMs) surface can produce predominant functions and features. The micro-grinding with diamond wheel micro-tip is an efficient method to machine microstructure on HBCMs. However, different HBCMs and crystal orientation may have a significant influence on the micro-grinding performance. In this paper, the micro-grinding performance along different crystal orientation of HBCMs is investigated. First, a dressed 600^# diamond grinding wheel is used to micro-grind micro-structure on HBCMs. Then, the experiment of micro-grinding force test is completed. Finally, the quality of microgroove, the grinding ratio and the micro-grinding force are investigated and they are related to the crystal orientation of HBCMs. It is shown that the stronger resistance to the micro-crack propagation has the best quality of microgroove and the smallest grinding ratio. Moreover, the hardest single-crystal SiC has the best machinability and the micro-grinding force is 38.9%, 10.8% and 46.8% less than the one of sapphire, single-crystal Si and quartz glass, respectively. The direction to micro-grind easily is the crystal orientation 〈10\(\overline 1 \)0〉 for single-crystal SiC and sapphire. In addition, the micro-grinding force increases with the increase of the micro-grinding depth and feed rate and decreases with the increase of the grinding wheel speed.     

Lattice-based group signature with verifier-local revocation

Among several post quantum primitives proposed in the past few decades, lattice-based cryptography is considered as the most promising one, due to its underlying rich combinatorial structure, and the worst-case to average-case reductions. The first lattice-based group signature scheme with verifier-local revocation(VLR) is treated as the first quantum-resistant scheme supported member revocation, and was put forward by Langlois et al. This VLR group signature(VLR-GS) has group public key size of O(nm log N log q), and a signature size of O(tm log N log q log β). Nguyen et al. constructed a simple efficient group signature from lattice, with significant advantages in bit-size of both the group public key and the signature. Based on their work, we present a VLR-GS scheme with group public key size of O(nm log q) and signature size of O(tm log q). Our group signature has notable advantages: support of membership revocation, and short in both the public key size and the signature size.     

光伏发电技术在轨道交通客车中的应用

轨道交通客车在载客运行的过程中消耗大量的电能。采用光伏发电技术后,蓄电池组将太阳能电池发出的电能存储,并随时与客车充电机进行电耦合,共同为客车供电。客车光伏电系统主要由光伏发电系统充电机、升降压斩波器、直流负载及供电控制系统组成。其中,光伏发电系统主要由光伏电池组件、发电控制器、蓄电池组及升降压斩波器组成。详细介绍了客车光伏供电系统的工作原理。     

全功率双向变电站与地铁杂散电流问题

地铁杂散电流会腐蚀地铁当中的金属(如承重墙里面的钢筋),为系统安全埋下隐患。与混合型变电站(由二极管整流器和 PWM 变流器组合而成)相比,由 PWM 变流器构成的全功率双向变电站不但具备正常的能馈功能,而且可基于其良好的调节直流电压的能力来维持各变电站输出电压一致,从而达到降低杂散电流的目的。分析全功率双向变电站降低地铁杂散电流的原理及其改善效果,仿真结果表明,全功率双向变电站能使地铁当中的杂散电流吸收垫充分发挥作用,显著降低地铁杂散电流。     

软弱夹层对隧道光面爆破效果影响机理研究

以一实际隧道为工程依托,采用ANSYS/LS-DYNA数值模拟方法,针对含软弱夹层围岩隧道光面爆破成型效果问题开展研究。根据软弱夹层与隧道光爆层的相对位置关系,对软弱夹层的空间分布形态特征进行归类和概化处理,提出一种适用于分析软弱夹层影响下光爆层爆破成型效果的概化模型;开展软弱夹层对隧道爆破成型效果影响的多工况数值计算,分别从爆炸应力波的传播及爆生气体的楔入2个方面探讨软弱夹层对隧道爆破成型效果的影响机理,推演得到不同软弱夹层赋存状态下隧道爆破成型轮廓分布图式;结合工程实际施工情况,提出软弱夹层条件下隧道超欠挖爆破控制措施并进行爆破试验验证。结果表明,推演的软弱夹层条件下爆破成型与实际吻合较好;爆破参数调整后,隧道爆破成型效果理想。