Understanding Recreational Boater Attitudes to Zoning in a Proposed Marine Protected Area

Although the success of marine protected areas (MPAs) and associated zoning schemes is largely dependent on stakeholder acceptance and support, there have been relatively few studies examining the response of recreational stakeholders to MPA proposals. This study investigates the response of recreational boaters to a proposed MPA in British Columbia, Canada. Using a structured questionnaire (n = 543) and a focus group (n = 6), the research examines the level of support for the concept of marine zoning and identifies key factors influencing support or opposition. Results indicate that a small majority of recreational boaters support the concept of marine zoning, but that there are areas of concern that ought to be addressed as MPA implementation proceeds. Support for zoning was strongly related to perceived benefits, particularly environmental benefits. Furthermore, perceived benefits overall were found to outweigh concerns as determinants of recreational boater support for zoning. Major dimensions of opposition included perceptions of over-regulation, loss of access for boating, and mistrust of the government. A suggestion is that such concerns may be mitigated through focused communication and meaningful involvement of boaters in the zoning process.     

A flexible terminal/mobile lounge system for expanding the capacity of existing airports

One of the great dilemmas facing major airports is the problem of capacity and seasonal surges of activity. This paper suggests a system of small, inexpensive Airport Terminal Modules, which together with a new type of Mobile Lounge, could make available a considerable degree of flexibility. The ATM's are designed to allow maximum variations of aircraft type and passenger load as well as high ground utilization. This concept would allow major airports to be extended with a minimum of inconvenience as demand becomes apparent, thereby allowing financial expenditure to be carefully controlled and more evenly spread.     

In situ colonization of marine biofilms on UNS S32760 duplex stainless steel coupons in areas with different water qualities: Implications for corrosion potential behavior

In the presence of biofilms, stainless steels （SS） exhibits an increase in corrosion potential, called ennoblement. In the present study, the corrosion potential （Eco,） behavior of the duplex SS UNS S32760 was recorded simultaneously with the in situ marine biofilm formation in two areas at Arraial do Cabo, Southeastern Brazil. The biofilm at Forno Harbor （an anthropogenically disturbed area） was characterized by higher relative abundances of Bacteria at day 2, followed by diatoms （especially Navicula sp.） on day 10 and dinoflagellates on day 18, whereas no clear trend was recorded at Cabo Frio Island （an undisturbed area）. The ennoblement of Ecor values was site-dependent. In a complementary laboratory assay, biofilms were removed and the Eco values registered in sterile conditions for the subsequent 10 days and corroborated in situ results. Understanding biofilms and SS interactions has important implications for materials science and engineering decisions as well as helping to fill in imnortant gaps in this knowledge.     

酒后驾驶行为对驾驶安全性影响研究

酒后驾驶是造成机动车道路伤害的危险因素,对道路交通安全的影响非常严重。本文通过一系列适宜性检测试验,比较饮酒前与饮酒后以及随饮酒量的逐步变化酒精对受试者驾驶能力的影响。研究发现,饮酒后受试者心理活动受到影响,反应变差,感知变差,手和脚的动作变迟缓,处置判断错误率上升,并随着饮酒量的逐渐增加,驾驶技能逐渐恶化。     

既有线钢轨焊接接头焊后综合处理系统的研制

介绍了既有线钢轨焊接接头焊后热处理、矫直及外形精整综合处理系统的总体结构、主要技术参数和性能特点。现场使用表明,样机采用感应加热、液压四向矫直和固定支点仿形打磨技术,自动化、专业化程度高,满足铁路标准规定的质量要求,提升了既有线维护质量和效率。     

Industrial water dependency: The BCDC experience

The Bay Conservation and Development Commission (BCDC), has designated a number of shoreline sites around San Francisco Bay for exclusive use of water‐related industry. This is intended both to reduce future needs for Bay fill, and to reserve those waterfront sites needed for long‐term industrial growth. The Commission currently defines water‐related industries as those “requiring”; a shoreline site for water transportation. The Commission is now considering the use of an economic criterion for identifying water dependency. This involves comparisons of the uniquely water‐related benefits and costs to the firm to locate on the shoreline, as opposed to its location at an inland site. By limiting use of deepwater sites to those industries that are significantly water‐dependent under this criterion, long‐term economic efficiency is served, and the need for future Bay fill for industrial growth is reduced. The data and analysis required to implement an economic water‐dependency criterion do not appear to be a barrier to use of such a test in the regulatory process. Whereas water dependency is an important concern to BCDC, other factors, including environmental constraints, must also be weighed when evaluating industrial projects.     

提高隧道止水带安装质量的方法

隧道施工缝为隧道衬砌最薄弱部位,其防水效果直接影响到结构的耐久性及后期运营的安全性,尤其是电化铁路,对隧道渗水要求极为严格。一般隧道设计施工缝防水为"三防",纵向施工缝采用背贴式止水带、钢边止水带,环向施工缝采用中埋式止水带。施工过程中由于施工工艺、工人技术水平、保护措施不到位等原因,止水带的安装经常出现安装线形不顺直、埋设位置偏移、止水带破损等质量问题,严重影响防排水效果。在采用测量定位、钢筋卡固定、垫层施工后,止水带施工质量可有效提高。     

车辆无线电遥控装置自适应波特率的设计和实现

本文介绍了车辆无线电遥控装置自适应波特率的设计和实现,该无线电遥控装置实现了软件自适应修正波特率偏差从而减小无线电遥控装置引入的系统误差和相邻信道的无线电干扰,提高了装置的稳定性,扩大了遥控装置的工作范围。     

Estimates of vertical mixing during a Lagrangian experiment off the Galician coast

An adjoint 1-D model was used to determine vertical diffusivity coefficients from temperature profiles collected within a filament escaping from the Galician coast following an upwelling event. The optimisation scheme ended with relatively high diffusivity values within the thermocline (9×10⁻⁵ m² s⁻¹). Such high values are relevant for biogeochemical exchanges between surface and deep waters in stratified areas.The optimised values were several orders of magnitude higher than the bulk of diffusivity measurements recorded with a free-falling device; however, the optimisation solution was consistent with the arithmetic mean of the measurements in the thermocline (7.7×10⁻⁵ m² s⁻¹), giving more weight to the few largest values. Below the thermocline, the data assimilation method failed because of the three-dimensional nature of the advective field of the upwelling system. Ignoring this advective forcing in the model led to estimates that were two orders of magnitude too high.The results suggest that turbulent mixing is a random process where a few intense events determine the average mixing that drives the long-term evolution of the water column structure. This statistical property is very important when one wants to use instantaneous diffusivity measurements for modelling purposes.     

综合交通信息平台 建设运营机制研究

在分析国内外已建交通信息系统和信息平台建设、运营和服务情况的基础上,研究了信息的平台性质与功能定位、建设运营模式和保障机制。提出了3种适合我国现状的信息平台建设运营模式:政府行为型;政府建设、企业运营型;政府引导、企业运作型。研究了各类模式的特点和适用性。