Valuation of externalities through neo-classical methods by including institutional variables

Externalities are uncompensated influences that are not expressed in a market but that affect the production possibilities or the welfare level of third parties. An example is the noise pollution in airport areas. Although air transport is an important source of economic growth and employment in many countries, the social and environmental problems connected with this sector are rising rapidly. Consequently, airports are becoming a matter of concern to many politicians. On what kind of values should they base their decisions as to further growth or consolidation of the current situation? In this paper we discuss two approaches, one based on mainstream, neo-classical, economics, and one based on institutional approaches, more in particular new institutional economics, which can be seen as a development complementary to the mainstream.     

标准化是企业管理信息系统建设的基础

文章分析随着计算机信息技术的日益普及，企业的标准化、信息化建设不断深入．如何建立企业的标准化管理网络系统，改变标准化传统落后的管理模式和管理方法，同时提出企业管理信息的标准化子系统建立的前提是企业标准化、规范化的管理。     

公路斜弯坡桥施工坐标高程计算

介绍公路施工中斜弯坡桥坐标高程计算的主要内容,提出了一种综合利用多种软件优势计算桥梁坐标高程的方法:用道路三维坐标软件计算主轴线坐标,再用EXCEL进行辅助计算、CAD进行校核。并用两个工程实例说明该方法的计算过程和注意事项。     

Eddies around Madagascar — The retroflection re-considered

The Agulhas Current with its retroflection and attendant eddy-shedding is the cause of some of the greatest mesoscale variability in the ocean. This paper considers the area to the south and east of Madagascar, which provides some of the source waters of the Agulhas Current, and examines the propagating sea surface height signals in altimetry and output from a numerical model, OCCAM. Both show bands of variability along the axis of the East Madagascar Current (EMC) and along a zonal band near 25°S. Sequences of images plus associated temperature data suggest that a number of westward-propagating eddies are present in this zonal band. The paper then focuses on the region to the south of the island, where ocean colour and infra-red imagery are evocative of an East Madagascar Retroflection. The synthesis of data analysed in this paper, however, shows that remotely observed features in this area can be explained by anticyclonic eddies moving westward through the region, and this explanation is consistent with numerical model output and the trajectories of drifting buoys.     

旅游资源互补性研究

目前对长江三峡旅游资源的研究一般集中在旅游资源的独特性、可开发性等方面,本文试从旅游资源的互补性着手,对区域性旅游资源进行共享多贏方面的进行基础性探索,为跨区域旅游资源的开发利用提供思路。     

施工缝粘结面劈拉强度试验研究

施工缝或日工作缝,是指已硬化的混凝土与新浇筑的混凝之间所形成的水平或垂直的接缝。本文研究了不同的浇筑方式、水泥标号、混凝土强度等级对混凝土施工缝的粘结劈裂抗拉强度的影响,为实际工程中的应用提供依据。     

Second-order perturbation added mass fluctuation on vertical vibration of tension leg platforms

Total motion in waves can be considered as a superposition of the motion of the body in still water and the forces on the restrained body. In this study the effect of added mass fluctuation on vertical vibration of tension leg platforms (TLP) in the case of vibration in still water for both free and forced vibration subjected to axial load at the top of the leg is presented. This effect is more important when the amplitude of vibration is large. Also this is important in fatigue life study of tethers. The structural model used here is very simple. Perturbation method is used to formulate and solve the problem. First- and second-order perturbations are used to solve the free and forced vibrations, respectively.     

青藏铁路开展交通旅游问题的探讨

结合青藏铁路新线的修建,分析青藏铁路开展交通旅游的必要性和可行性,提出青藏铁路开展交通旅游的总体思路.     

人工神经网络在故障诊断系统中的应用

人工神经网络以其独到的联想、记忆、储存和学习功能，在故障诊断领域受到了广泛关注。其中，BP网络是最成熟、应用最广泛的一种网络。但BP网络在实际应用中也存在诸多不足，如学习率的取值需要凭借经验或试算选取，网络学习收敛速度慢以及易陷入局部最小点等。针对BP网络的这些不足，采用了Rumelhan附加惯性冲量和动态调整学习率相结合的改进的BP网络方法，并尝试用该改进算法来对凝汽器进行故障诊断。事实证明，在平均情况下，本系统收敛速度远远快于基本的BP算法。