虚拟产品开发体系研究

虚拟产品开发是现实产品开发在计算机环境中的数字化映射,它将极大地缩短产品上市时间.本文提出了虚拟产品开发的定义和基于总线结构的虚拟产品开发体系结构,详细分析了虚拟产品开发的特点和核心内容,以层次结构描述了虚拟产品开发系统,并详细描述了其组成及运行机制.虚拟产品开发的特征表现为开放性、系统性、协同性、沉浸性和智能性.     

Method for obtaining the wheel–rail contact location and its application to the normal problem calculation through ‘CONTACT’

This work presents a robust methodology for calculating inter-penetration areas between railway wheel and rail surfaces, the profiles of which are defined by a series of points. The method allows general three-dimensional displacements of the wheelset to be considered, and its characteristics make it especially suitable for dynamic simulations where the wheel–rail contact is assumed to be flexible. The technique is based on the discretisation of the geometries of the surfaces in contact, considering the wheel as a set of truncated cones and the rail as points. By means of this approach, it is possible to reduce the problem to the calculation of the intersections between cones and lines, the solution for which has a closed-form expression. The method has been used in conjunction with the CONTACT algorithm in order to solve the static normal contact problem when the lateral displacement of the wheelset, its yaw angle and the vertical force applied in the wheelset centroid are prescribed. The results consist of smooth functions when the dependent coordinates are represented as a function of the independent ones, lacking the jump discontinuities that are present when a rigid contact model is adopted. Example results are shown and assessed for the normal contact problem for different lateral and yaw positions of the wheelset on the track.     

世界优秀跨栏运动员分栏时间与专项成绩灰色预测训练模型研究

运用文献资料和数理统计的方法,对世界优秀男子110 m跨栏运动员的分栏时间进行了综合分析,建立了专项成绩和分栏时间的训练模型。为世界优秀男子110 m跨栏运动员的训练提供理论参考。     

Prospects for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles in the United States and Japan: A general equilibrium analysis

The plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) may offer a potential near term, low-carbon alternative to today’s gasoline- and diesel-powered vehicles. A representative vehicle technology that runs on electricity in addition to conventional fuels was introduced into the MIT Emissions Prediction and Policy Analysis (EPPA) model as a perfect substitute for internal combustion engine (ICE-only) vehicles in two likely early-adopting markets, the United States and Japan. We investigate the effect of relative vehicle cost and all-electric range on the timing of PHEV market entry in the presence and absence of an advanced cellulosic biofuels technology and a strong (450 ppm) economy-wide carbon constraint. Vehicle cost could be a significant barrier to PHEV entry unless fairly aggressive goals for reducing battery costs are met. If a low-cost PHEV is available we find that its adoption has the potential to reduce CO₂ emissions, refined oil demand, and under a carbon policy the required CO₂ price in both the United States and Japan. The emissions reduction potential of PHEV adoption depends on the carbon intensity of electric power generation. Thus, the technology is much more effective in reducing CO₂ emissions if adoption occurs under an economy-wide cap and trade system that also encourages low-carbon electricity generation.     

基于C/S模式的分布式雷达情报传输系统的设计

针对目前雷达情报传输网中只能单向传输点迹和航迹情报,不能实现情报共享的问题,提出了基于C/S模式的分布式雷达情报传输系统的方案,用来实现多种情报的传输和共享,并对系统协议的选取和网络数据加密进行了分析.     

珠江三角洲高等级航道网航道数字化的探讨

本文简要介绍了数字航道的概念及其组成,并对在珠江三角洲高等级航道网实施数字航道建设的必要性和可行性进行了探讨,提出了应当加快本区数字航道建设的建议.     

客运专线32m简支箱梁预应力孔道摩阻试验研究

武汉天兴洲长江大桥北岸引桥(客运专线)32 m铁路简支箱梁采用后张法预应力体系,在实梁上进行预应力束的孔道摩阻试验,测试孔道摩阻系数μ和偏差系数k,并与相关规范值进行比较和分析。     

国外机车制造业的现状与发展趋势概述

本文以国际知名企业为代表,简要介绍了国外铁道机车制造业的现状与发展趋势。     

对天测罗经差计算方位的误差分析

观测天体罗方位求罗经差，是海船驾驶员必须具备的技能，也是海事组织（IMO）“STCW78／95”公约对船舶驾驶员晋级考试与评估的重要内容。文章主要对天体计算方位所产生的误差进行分析，使驾驶员了解误差产生的因素，选择最有利的条件和时机进行天体观测，从而达到提高天测罗经差的精度。