先张法预应力钢绞线混凝土空心板梁的运用及问题建议

以乌鲁木齐市外环路东北段高架工程先张法预应力钢绞线混凝土空心板梁结构为工程实例,就单板受力的病害特征、原因及防治进行了探讨。     

基于Star-CCM＋二次开发的整车外流场数值模拟

整车外流场分析已经成为轿车开发中评价气动阻力与升力等指标的快速手段。通过Star-CCM＋软件的二次开发,把整车外流场分析程序化,可以提高整车外流场分析的工作效率、计算精度与结果一致性。程序应用于某开发阶段车型的外流场分析。     

Model-based design of a variable nozzle turbocharger controller

Variable Nozzle Turbocharger (VNT) was invented to solve the problem of matching an ordinary turbocharger with an engine. VNT can harness exhaust energy more efficiently, enhance intake airflow response and reduce engine emissions, especially during transient operating conditions. The difficulty of VNT control lies in how to regulate the position of the nozzle at different engine working conditions. The control strategy designed in this study is a combination of a closed-loop feedback controller and an open-loop feed-forward controller. The gain-scheduled proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller was implemented as the feedback controller to overcome the nonlinear characteristic. As it is difficult to tune the parameters of the gain-scheduled PID controller on an engine test bench, system identification was used to identify the plant model properties at different working points for a WP10 diesel engine on the test bench. The PID controller parameters were calculated based on the identified first-order-plus-dead-time (FOPDT) plant model. The joint simulation of the controller and the plant model was performed in Matlab/Simulink. The time-domain and frequency-domain performances of the entire system were evaluated. The designed VNT control system was verified with engine tests. The results indicated that the real boosting pressure traced the target boosting pressure well at different working conditions.     

宁波长丰桥薄壁钢套箱设计与施工

双壁钢套箱是大型深水基础的传统施工技术,一般采用工厂制作、浮运下沉的方法,其壁厚通常在800mm～1500mm。该法多采用在大江大河的特大桥梁中。为探索一种适合于宁波地区一般内河的套箱工法,长丰桥工程在水中承台施工中根据工程实际,创新设计薄壁钢套箱,场内制作、现场拼装、反压下沉,其壁厚仅为194mm。经济性能大幅提高,且安全可靠。     

水平荷载对复合路面沥青加铺层结构的影响

根据实测车轮接地压力简化分布形式,采用ABAQUS有限元软件建立了PCC＋AC复合路面有限元三维分析模型,考虑最不利荷位和水平力系数进行复合路面沥青加铺层力学响应的数值分析。结果表明：与仅考虑垂直荷载的传统分析相比,不同的力学指标对应的最不利荷位不同。考虑水平荷载后各力学响应指标随着水平力系数的增加而快速增大,影响程度从高至低依次是最大拉应力、最大拉应变、接缝两侧的弯沉差、MISES等效应力、最大剪应力;当水平力系数≥0．2时,加铺层中的最大拉应力和拉应变的位置将由层底转到层表（增加“表”字）面,此时加铺层表面比层底更容易产生张拉裂缝。     

Model-based analysis of the mechanical subsystem of an air brake system

Most commercial vehicles such as buses and trucks use an air brake system, often equipped with an S-cam drum brake, to reduce their speed and/or to stop. With a drum brake system, the clearance between the brake shoe/pad and the brake drum may increase because of various reasons such as wearing of the brake shoe and/or brake drum and drum expansion caused by high heat generation during the braking process. Hence, to ensure proper functioning of the brake system, it is essential that the clearance between the brake shoe and the brake drum is monitored. In this paper, we present a mathematical model for the mechanical subsystem of the air brake system that can be used to monitor this clearance. This mathematical model correlates the push rod stroke transients and the brake chamber pressure transients. A kinematic analysis and a dynamic analysis of the mechanical subsystem of the air brake system were performed, and the results are corroborated with experimental data.     

佛山市桂江大桥拓宽研究

随着城市交通的发展,许多城市中心区的大中桥梁都面临着拓宽设计,拓宽桥梁需综合考虑景观协调性、技术可行性等因素,这些都值得在工程设计中不断研究。以桂江大桥拓宽工程为背景,进行桥梁设计方案比选,对于类似工程的拓宽设计有一定的借鉴作用。     

轻度并联混合动力总成控制策略的研究

为轻度并联混合动力汽车的多能源动力总成提出了基于模式划分的控制策略,并以燃油经济性和排放性能为控制目标,进行了能量优化分配算法的研究;在Matlab/Simulink环境下建立了总成控制器模型,并与Cruise软件结合,进行了联合仿真.结果表明,所提出的控制策略可在维持原有动力性的条件下,提高燃油经济性并降低排放.     

点火模式对增压稀燃LPG发动机燃烧特性的影响

使用三维仿真软件AVL-FIRE建立了增压稀燃LPG发动机缸内燃烧模型,对模型进行了数值仿真.分析了单、双火花塞不同点火模式对发动机工作过程的影响并通过实验得到验证.结果表明:采用双火花塞点火与单火花塞点火相比,缩短了火焰传播距离,增强了缸内涡流,加快了火焰的传播速度,减轻了爆燃,降低了排气温度,提高了热效率,使发动机具有较好的动力性和燃料经济性.     

一种追尾碰撞主动防护头枕机构设计研究

根据基于安全间距的追尾防撞模型和挥鞭伤的生物力学机理,结合主动安全和被动安全的防护思想,研究了提前判断并启动主动头枕的控制策略,设计了电机控制及运动可逆的新型主动头枕机构,观测和记录了原理样机的工作状态和参数.与传统头枕相比,该主动头枕可降低追尾碰撞下乘员颈部伤害,同时弥补传统纯机械主动头枕响应滞后的不足.