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排序方式: 共有148条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
根据现行《建筑钢结构防火技术规范》(CECS200:2006)中简支组合梁抗火承载力验算方法,提出了简支组合梁抗火设计的临界温度法,给出了临界温度的计算方法。对影响简支组合梁临界温度的参数分析研究发现:在确定的荷载比下简支组合梁的钢梁截面、材料强度、有效宽度等对简支组合梁的临界温度的影响较小,而耐火极限和楼板厚度对简支组合梁临界温度影响较大。给出了一般简支组合梁在不同楼板厚度、不同耐火极限下,不同荷载比对应的临界温度,可供工程设计使用。 相似文献
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The timing and duration of an activity episode are two important temporal aspects of activity-travel behavior. Understanding the causal relationship between these two variables would be useful in the development of activity-based travel demand modeling systems. This paper investigates the relationship between these two variables by considering two different causal structures – one structure in which time-of-day choice is determined first and influences duration and a second structure in which activity duration is determined first and affects time-of-day choice. These two structures are estimated within a discrete-continuous simultaneous equations framework employing a full-information maximum likelihood methodology that allows error covariance. The estimation is performed separately for commuter and non-commuter samples drawn from a 1996 household travel survey data set from the Tampa Bay area in Florida. The results of the model estimation effort show that the causal structure in which activity duration precedes or affects activity timing (time of day choice) performs better for the non-commuter sample. For the commuter sample, the findings were less conclusive with both causal structures offering equally good statistical measures of fit. In addition, for the commuter sample, all error correlations were found to be zero. These two findings suggest that time of day choice and activity episode duration are only loosely related for the commuter sample, possibly due to the relatively non-discretionary and inflexible work activity and travel. 相似文献
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The appropriate duration of time diaries as a source of time use data is analyzed in a structured way. Nine detailed European surveys based on seven-days diaries are used in order to study different dimensions of data quality, duration and variability of activities, and modeling capabilities. Pseudo diaries of 1, 2 (one week, one weekend) and 3 (one week, both weekend) days are constructed to further analyze these issues, selecting the seven-days diaries data as a benchmark. Comparative results show that two and three-days weighted surveys seem to be an adequate surrogate for the information obtained in weekly surveys that capture a basic work–leisure cycle. 相似文献
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Public charging infrastructure represents a key success factor in the promotion of plug-in electric vehicles (PEV). Given that a large initial investment is required for the widespread adoption of PEV, many studies have addressed the location choice problem for charging infrastructure using a priori simple assumptions. Ideally, however, identifying optimal locations of charging stations necessitates an understanding of charging behavior. Limited market penetration of PEV makes it difficult to grasp any regularities in charging behavior. Using a Dutch data set about four-years of charging transactions, this study presents a detailed analysis of inter-charging times. Recognizing that PEV users may exhibit different charging behavior, this study estimates a latent class hazard duration model, which accommodates duration dependence, unobserved heterogeneity and the effects of time-varying covariates. PEV users are endogenously classified into regular and random users by treating charging regularity as a latent variable. The paper provides valuable insights into the dynamics of charging behavior at public charging stations, and which strategies can be successfully used to improve the performance of public charging infrastructure. 相似文献
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《运输评论》2012,32(1):5-34
ABSTRACTThis review provides a critical overview of what has been learnt about commuting’s impact on subjective wellbeing (SWB). It is structured around a conceptual model which assumes commuting can affect SWB over three time horizons: (i) during the journey; (ii) immediately after the journey; and (iii) over the longer term. Our assessment of the evidence shows that mood is lower during the commute than other daily activities and stress can be induced by congestion, crowding and unpredictability. People who walk or cycle to work are generally more satisfied with their commute than those who travel by car and especially those who use public transport. Satisfaction decreases with duration of commute, regardless of mode used, and increases when travelling with company. After the journey, evidence shows that the commute experience “spills over” into how people feel and perform at work and home. However, a consistent link between commuting and life satisfaction overall has not been established. The evidence suggests that commuters are generally successful in trading off the drawbacks of longer and more arduous commute journeys against the benefits they bring in relation to overall life satisfaction, but further research is required to understand the decision making involved. The evidence review points to six areas that warrant policy action and research: (i) enhancing the commute experience; (ii) increasing commute satisfaction; (iii) reducing the impacts of long duration commutes; (iv) meeting commuter preferences; (v) recognising flexibility and constraints in commuting routines and (vi) accounting for SWB impacts of commuting in policy making and appraisal. 相似文献
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白福庆 《国防交通工程与技术》2014,(6):75-77
辽西北供水工程11#支洞,断面小、坡度大,出渣运输方式是决定工期的关键控制因素。采用无轨运输出渣方式,存在以下问题:隧道纵坡坡度较大,运输渣车爬坡困难、存在严重的安全隐患;断面小,自卸车在陡坡上运行和洞内调头困难等。对此采取扩大隧道开挖断面、设置避车洞,改装车辆、确保车辆制动的可靠性;加强安全管理措施等。实践证明,采用无轨运输方式出渣具有节约工期、经济效益显著等特点,可根据实际工况加以选用。 相似文献
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公路滑坡处治工程的施工控制 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
详细介绍了排水设施、抗滑桩、预应力锚索、抗滑挡墙和注浆加固等滑坡处治工程的施工工艺要求,对公路工程滑坡的处治工程的施工有指导意义。 相似文献
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汽车柴油机喷射控制单元的研究 总被引:2,自引:4,他引:2
汽车柴油机喷射控制单元是对缸内高压喷射的电子控制,其难点在于高速强力电磁阀的功率驱动硬件 和基于角度的喷射实时控制软件。本文介绍了电控泵-管-阀-嘴柴油喷射系统中电控单元的研究与开发实践。采用高频脉宽调制功率驱动电路进行电磁阀的高速强力驱动,并利用电流微分信号有效反馈了控制阀关闭始点。应用闭环控制逻辑和基于中断环的喷射控制软件实现了驱动电流的智能控制、喷射定时及油量的实时精确控制。最后通过实验证了 相似文献